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Author |
Saiping Zhang, Luis Herranz, Marta Mrak, Marc Gorriz Blanch, Shuai Wan, Fuzheng Yang |
Title |
PeQuENet: Perceptual Quality Enhancement of Compressed Video with Adaptation-and Attention-based Network |
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2022 |
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Arxiv |
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In this paper we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) framework to enhance the perceptual quality of compressed videos. Our framework includes attention and adaptation to different quantization parameters (QPs) in a single model. The attention module exploits global receptive fields that can capture and align long-range correlations between consecutive frames, which can be beneficial for enhancing perceptual quality of videos. The frame to be enhanced is fed into the deep network together with its neighboring frames, and in the first stage features at different depths are extracted. Then extracted features are fed into attention blocks to explore global temporal correlations, followed by a series of upsampling and convolution layers. Finally, the resulting features are processed by the QP-conditional adaptation module which leverages the corresponding QP information. In this way, a single model can be used to enhance adaptively to various QPs without requiring multiple models specific for every QP value, while having similar performance. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed PeQuENet compared with the state-of-the-art compressed video quality enhancement algorithms. |
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MACO; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ZHM2022b |
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3819 |
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Ruben Ballester; Xavier Arnal Clemente; Carles Casacuberta; Meysam Madadi; Ciprian Corneanu |
Title |
Towards explaining the generalization gap in neural networks using topological data analysis |
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2022 |
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Arxiv |
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Understanding how neural networks generalize on unseen data is crucial for designing more robust and reliable models. In this paper, we study the generalization gap of neural networks using methods from topological data analysis. For this purpose, we compute homological persistence diagrams of weighted graphs constructed from neuron activation correlations after a training phase, aiming to capture patterns that are linked to the generalization capacity of the network. We compare the usefulness of different numerical summaries from persistence diagrams and show that a combination of some of them can accurately predict and partially explain the generalization gap without the need of a test set. Evaluation on two computer vision recognition tasks (CIFAR10 and SVHN) shows competitive generalization gap prediction when compared against state-of-the-art methods. |
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HUPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BAC2022 |
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3821 |
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Arya Farkhondeh; Cristina Palmero; Simone Scardapane; Sergio Escalera |
Title |
Towards Self-Supervised Gaze Estimation |
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2022 |
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Arxiv |
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Recent joint embedding-based self-supervised methods have surpassed standard supervised approaches on various image recognition tasks such as image classification. These self-supervised methods aim at maximizing agreement between features extracted from two differently transformed views of the same image, which results in learning an invariant representation with respect to appearance and geometric image transformations. However, the effectiveness of these approaches remains unclear in the context of gaze estimation, a structured regression task that requires equivariance under geometric transformations (e.g., rotations, horizontal flip). In this work, we propose SwAT, an equivariant version of the online clustering-based self-supervised approach SwAV, to learn more informative representations for gaze estimation. We demonstrate that SwAT, with ResNet-50 and supported with uncurated unlabeled face images, outperforms state-of-the-art gaze estimation methods and supervised baselines in various experiments. In particular, we achieve up to 57% and 25% improvements in cross-dataset and within-dataset evaluation tasks on existing benchmarks (ETH-XGaze, Gaze360, and MPIIFaceGaze). |
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HUPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ FPS2022 |
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3822 |
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Author |
Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
Title |
Word separation in continuous sign language using isolated signs and post-processing |
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2022 |
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Arxiv |
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Continuous Sign Language Recognition (CSLR) is a long challenging task in Computer Vision due to the difficulties in detecting the explicit boundaries between the words in a sign sentence. To deal with this challenge, we propose a two-stage model. In the first stage, the predictor model, which includes a combination of CNN, SVD, and LSTM, is trained with the isolated signs. In the second stage, we apply a post-processing algorithm to the Softmax outputs obtained from the first part of the model in order to separate the isolated signs in the continuous signs. Due to the lack of a large dataset, including both the sign sequences and the corresponding isolated signs, two public datasets in Isolated Sign Language Recognition (ISLR), RKS-PERSIANSIGN and ASLVID, are used for evaluation. Results of the continuous sign videos confirm the efficiency of the proposed model to deal with isolated sign boundaries detection. |
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HUPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RKE2022b |
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3824 |
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Marco Cotogni; Fei Yang; Claudio Cusano; Andrew Bagdanov; Joost Van de Weijer |
Title |
Gated Class-Attention with Cascaded Feature Drift Compensation for Exemplar-free Continual Learning of Vision Transformers |
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Miscellaneous |
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2022 |
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Arxiv |
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Marco Cotogni, Fei Yang, Claudio Cusano, Andrew D. Bagdanov, Joost van de Weijer |
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We propose a new method for exemplar-free class incremental training of ViTs. The main challenge of exemplar-free continual learning is maintaining plasticity of the learner without causing catastrophic forgetting of previously learned tasks. This is often achieved via exemplar replay which can help recalibrate previous task classifiers to the feature drift which occurs when learning new tasks. Exemplar replay, however, comes at the cost of retaining samples from previous tasks which for many applications may not be possible. To address the problem of continual ViT training, we first propose gated class-attention to minimize the drift in the final ViT transformer block. This mask-based gating is applied to class-attention mechanism of the last transformer block and strongly regulates the weights crucial for previous tasks. Importantly, gated class-attention does not require the task-ID during inference, which distinguishes it from other parameter isolation methods. Secondly, we propose a new method of feature drift compensation that accommodates feature drift in the backbone when learning new tasks. The combination of gated class-attention and cascaded feature drift compensation allows for plasticity towards new tasks while limiting forgetting of previous ones. Extensive experiments performed on CIFAR-100, Tiny-ImageNet and ImageNet100 demonstrate that our exemplar-free method obtains competitive results when compared to rehearsal based ViT methods. |
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LAMP; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CYC2022 |
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3827 |
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Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera |
Title |
A Non-Anatomical Graph Structure for isolated hand gesture separation in continuous gesture sequences |
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Miscellaneous |
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2022 |
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Continuous Hand Gesture Recognition (CHGR) has been extensively studied by researchers in the last few decades. Recently, one model has been presented to deal with the challenge of the boundary detection of isolated gestures in a continuous gesture video [17]. To enhance the model performance and also replace the handcrafted feature extractor in the presented model in [17], we propose a GCN model and combine it with the stacked Bi-LSTM and Attention modules to push the temporal information in the video stream. Considering the breakthroughs of GCN models for skeleton modality, we propose a two-layer GCN model to empower the 3D hand skeleton features. Finally, the class probabilities of each isolated gesture are fed to the post-processing module, borrowed from [17]. Furthermore, we replace the anatomical graph structure with some non-anatomical graph structures. Due to the lack of a large dataset, including both the continuous gesture sequences and the corresponding isolated gestures, three public datasets in Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition (DHGR), RKS-PERSIANSIGN, and ASLVID, are used for evaluation. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed model in dealing with isolated gesture boundaries detection in continuous gesture sequences |
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HuPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RKE2022d |
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3828 |
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Marwa Dhiaf; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Kai Wang; Yuyang Liu; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes; Ahmed Cheikh Rouhou |
Title |
CSSL-MHTR: Continual Self-Supervised Learning for Scalable Multi-script Handwritten Text Recognition |
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Miscellaneous |
Year |
2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Self-supervised learning has recently emerged as a strong alternative in document analysis. These approaches are now capable of learning high-quality image representations and overcoming the limitations of supervised methods, which require a large amount of labeled data. However, these methods are unable to capture new knowledge in an incremental fashion, where data is presented to the model sequentially, which is closer to the realistic scenario. In this paper, we explore the potential of continual self-supervised learning to alleviate the catastrophic forgetting problem in handwritten text recognition, as an example of sequence recognition. Our method consists in adding intermediate layers called adapters for each task, and efficiently distilling knowledge from the previous model while learning the current task. Our proposed framework is efficient in both computation and memory complexity. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we evaluate our method by transferring the learned model to diverse text recognition downstream tasks, including Latin and non-Latin scripts. As far as we know, this is the first application of continual self-supervised learning for handwritten text recognition. We attain state-of-the-art performance on English, Italian and Russian scripts, whilst adding only a few parameters per task. The code and trained models will be publicly available. |
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DAG |
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Admin @ si @ DSW2023 |
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3851 |
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Author |
Bonifaz Stuhr; Jurgen Brauer; Bernhard Schick; Jordi Gonzalez |
Title |
Masked Discriminators for Content-Consistent Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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A common goal of unpaired image-to-image translation is to preserve content consistency between source images and translated images while mimicking the style of the target domain. Due to biases between the datasets of both domains, many methods suffer from inconsistencies caused by the translation process. Most approaches introduced to mitigate these inconsistencies do not constrain the discriminator, leading to an even more ill-posed training setup. Moreover, none of these approaches is designed for larger crop sizes. In this work, we show that masking the inputs of a global discriminator for both domains with a content-based mask is sufficient to reduce content inconsistencies significantly. However, this strategy leads to artifacts that can be traced back to the masking process. To reduce these artifacts, we introduce a local discriminator that operates on pairs of small crops selected with a similarity sampling strategy. Furthermore, we apply this sampling strategy to sample global input crops from the source and target dataset. In addition, we propose feature-attentive denormalization to selectively incorporate content-based statistics into the generator stream. In our experiments, we show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance in photorealistic sim-to-real translation and weather translation and also performs well in day-to-night translation. Additionally, we propose the cKVD metric, which builds on the sKVD metric and enables the examination of translation quality at the class or category level. |
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ISE |
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Admin @ si @ SBS2023 |
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3863 |
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Maciej Wielgosz; Antonio Lopez; Muhamad Naveed Riaz |
Title |
CARLA-BSP: a simulated dataset with pedestrians |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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We present a sample dataset featuring pedestrians generated using the ARCANE framework, a new framework for generating datasets in CARLA (0.9.13). We provide use cases for pedestrian detection, autoencoding, pose estimation, and pose lifting. We also showcase baseline results. |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ WLN2023 |
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3866 |
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Akhil Gurram; Antonio Lopez |
Title |
On the Metrics for Evaluating Monocular Depth Estimation |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) is performed to produce 3D information that can be used in downstream tasks such as those related to on-board perception for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) or driver assistance. Therefore, a relevant arising question is whether the standard metrics for MDE assessment are a good indicator of the accuracy of future MDE-based driving-related perception tasks. We address this question in this paper. In particular, we take the task of 3D object detection on point clouds as a proxy of on-board perception. We train and test state-of-the-art 3D object detectors using 3D point clouds coming from MDE models. We confront the ranking of object detection results with the ranking given by the depth estimation metrics of the MDE models. We conclude that, indeed, MDE evaluation metrics give rise to a ranking of methods that reflects relatively well the 3D object detection results we may expect. Among the different metrics, the absolute relative (abs-rel) error seems to be the best for that purpose. |
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Admin @ si @ GuL2023 |
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3867 |
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David Pujol Perich; Albert Clapes; Sergio Escalera |
Title |
SADA: Semantic adversarial unsupervised domain adaptation for Temporal Action Localization |
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2023 |
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Arxiv |
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Temporal Action Localization (TAL) is a complex task that poses relevant challenges, particularly when attempting to generalize on new -- unseen -- domains in real-world applications. These scenarios, despite realistic, are often neglected in the literature, exposing these solutions to important performance degradation. In this work, we tackle this issue by introducing, for the first time, an approach for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) in sparse TAL, which we refer to as Semantic Adversarial unsupervised Domain Adaptation (SADA). Our contributions are threefold: (1) we pioneer the development of a domain adaptation model that operates on realistic sparse action detection benchmarks; (2) we tackle the limitations of global-distribution alignment techniques by introducing a novel adversarial loss that is sensitive to local class distributions, ensuring finer-grained adaptation; and (3) we present a novel set of benchmarks based on EpicKitchens100 and CharadesEgo, that evaluate multiple domain shifts in a comprehensive manner. Our experiments indicate that SADA improves the adaptation across domains when compared to fully supervised state-of-the-art and alternative UDA methods, attaining a performance boost of up to 6.14% mAP. |
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HUPBA |
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Admin @ si @ PCE2023 |
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4014 |
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Senmao Li; Joost van de Weijer; Taihang Hu; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Qibin Hou; Yaxing Wang; Jian Yang |
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StyleDiffusion: Prompt-Embedding Inversion for Text-Based Editing |
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2023 |
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A significant research effort is focused on exploiting the amazing capacities of pretrained diffusion models for the editing of images. They either finetune the model, or invert the image in the latent space of the pretrained model. However, they suffer from two problems: (1) Unsatisfying results for selected regions, and unexpected changes in nonselected regions. (2) They require careful text prompt editing where the prompt should include all visual objects in the input image. To address this, we propose two improvements: (1) Only optimizing the input of the value linear network in the cross-attention layers, is sufficiently powerful to reconstruct a real image. (2) We propose attention regularization to preserve the object-like attention maps after editing, enabling us to obtain accurate style editing without invoking significant structural changes. We further improve the editing technique which is used for the unconditional branch of classifier-free guidance, as well as the conditional one as used by P2P. Extensive experimental prompt-editing results on a variety of images, demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that our method has superior editing capabilities than existing and concurrent works. |
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Admin @ si @ LWH2023 |
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3870 |
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Antonio Carta; Andrea Cossu; Vincenzo Lomonaco; Davide Bacciu; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Projected Latent Distillation for Data-Agnostic Consolidation in Distributed Continual Learning |
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2023 |
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Distributed learning on the edge often comprises self-centered devices (SCD) which learn local tasks independently and are unwilling to contribute to the performance of other SDCs. How do we achieve forward transfer at zero cost for the single SCDs? We formalize this problem as a Distributed Continual Learning scenario, where SCD adapt to local tasks and a CL model consolidates the knowledge from the resulting stream of models without looking at the SCD's private data. Unfortunately, current CL methods are not directly applicable to this scenario. We propose Data-Agnostic Consolidation (DAC), a novel double knowledge distillation method that consolidates the stream of SC models without using the original data. DAC performs distillation in the latent space via a novel Projected Latent Distillation loss. Experimental results show that DAC enables forward transfer between SCDs and reaches state-of-the-art accuracy on Split CIFAR100, CORe50 and Split TinyImageNet, both in reharsal-free and distributed CL scenarios. Somewhat surprisingly, even a single out-of-distribution image is sufficient as the only source of data during consolidation. |
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Admin @ si @ CCL2023 |
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3871 |
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Marcin Przewiezlikowski; Mateusz Pyla; Bartosz Zielinski; Bartłomiej Twardowski; Jacek Tabor; Marek Smieja |
Title |
Augmentation-aware Self-supervised Learning with Guided Projector |
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2023 |
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arxiv |
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Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful technique for learning robust representations from unlabeled data. By learning to remain invariant to applied data augmentations, methods such as SimCLR and MoCo are able to reach quality on par with supervised approaches. However, this invariance may be harmful to solving some downstream tasks which depend on traits affected by augmentations used during pretraining, such as color. In this paper, we propose to foster sensitivity to such characteristics in the representation space by modifying the projector network, a common component of self-supervised architectures. Specifically, we supplement the projector with information about augmentations applied to images. In order for the projector to take advantage of this auxiliary conditioning when solving the SSL task, the feature extractor learns to preserve the augmentation information in its representations. Our approach, coined Conditional Augmentation-aware Self-supervised Learning (CASSLE), is directly applicable to typical joint-embedding SSL methods regardless of their objective functions. Moreover, it does not require major changes in the network architecture or prior knowledge of downstream tasks. In addition to an analysis of sensitivity towards different data augmentations, we conduct a series of experiments, which show that CASSLE improves over various SSL methods, reaching state-of-the-art performance in multiple downstream tasks. |
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Admin @ si @ PPZ2023 |
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3971 |
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Mateusz Pyla; Kamil Deja; Bartłomiej Twardowski; Tomasz Trzcinski |
Title |
Bayesian Flow Networks in Continual Learning |
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Miscellaneous |
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2023 |
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arxiv |
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Bayesian Flow Networks (BFNs) has been recently proposed as one of the most promising direction to universal generative modelling, having ability to learn any of the data type. Their power comes from the expressiveness of neural networks and Bayesian inference which make them suitable in the context of continual learning. We delve into the mechanics behind BFNs and conduct the experiments to empirically verify the generative capabilities on non-stationary data. |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ PDT2023 |
Serial |
3972 |
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