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Author |
Noha Elfiky; Fahad Shahbaz Khan; Joost Van de Weijer; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Discriminative Compact Pyramids for Object and Scene Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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45 |
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4 |
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1627-1636 |
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Spatial pyramids have been successfully applied to incorporating spatial information into bag-of-words based image representation. However, a major drawback is that it leads to high dimensional image representations. In this paper, we present a novel framework for obtaining compact pyramid representation. First, we investigate the usage of the divisive information theoretic feature clustering (DITC) algorithm in creating a compact pyramid representation. In many cases this method allows us to reduce the size of a high dimensional pyramid representation up to an order of magnitude with little or no loss in accuracy. Furthermore, comparison to clustering based on agglomerative information bottleneck (AIB) shows that our method obtains superior results at significantly lower computational costs. Moreover, we investigate the optimal combination of multiple features in the context of our compact pyramid representation. Finally, experiments show that the method can obtain state-of-the-art results on several challenging data sets. |
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0031-3203 |
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ISE; CAT;CIC |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ EKW2012 |
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1807 |
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Anastasios Doulamis; Nikolaos Doulamis; Marco Bertini; Jordi Gonzalez; Thomas B. Moeslund |
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Introduction to the Special Issue on the Analysis and Retrieval of Events/Actions and Workflows in Video Streams |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Multimedia Tools and Applications |
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MTAP |
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75 |
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22 |
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14985-14990 |
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ISE; HUPBA |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ DDB2016 |
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2934 |
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Author |
Hunor Laczko; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
A Generative Multi-Resolution Pyramid and Normal-Conditioning 3D Cloth Draping |
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2024 |
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Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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8709-8718 |
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RGB cloth generation has been deeply studied in the related literature, however, 3D garment generation remains an open problem. In this paper, we build a conditional variational autoencoder for 3D garment generation and draping. We propose a pyramid network to add garment details progressively in a canonical space, i.e. unposing and unshaping the garments w.r.t. the body. We study conditioning the network on surface normal UV maps, as an intermediate representation, which is an easier problem to optimize than 3D coordinates. Our results on two public datasets, CLOTH3D and CAPE, show that our model is robust, controllable in terms of detail generation by the use of multi-resolution pyramids, and achieves state-of-the-art results that can highly generalize to unseen garments, poses, and shapes even when training with small amounts of data. |
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Waikoloa; Hawai; USA; January 2024 |
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WACV |
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ISE; HUPBA |
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Admin @ si @ LME2024 |
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3996 |
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Author |
Pau Rodriguez; Miguel Angel Bautista; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Beyond Oneshot Encoding: lower dimensional target embedding |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Image and Vision Computing |
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IMAVIS |
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75 |
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21-31 |
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Error correcting output codes; Output embeddings; Deep learning; Computer vision |
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Target encoding plays a central role when learning Convolutional Neural Networks. In this realm, one-hot encoding is the most prevalent strategy due to its simplicity. However, this so widespread encoding schema assumes a flat label space, thus ignoring rich relationships existing among labels that can be exploited during training. In large-scale datasets, data does not span the full label space, but instead lies in a low-dimensional output manifold. Following this observation, we embed the targets into a low-dimensional space, drastically improving convergence speed while preserving accuracy. Our contribution is two fold: (i) We show that random projections of the label space are a valid tool to find such lower dimensional embeddings, boosting dramatically convergence rates at zero computational cost; and (ii) we propose a normalized eigenrepresentation of the class manifold that encodes the targets with minimal information loss, improving the accuracy of random projections encoding while enjoying the same convergence rates. Experiments on CIFAR-100, CUB200-2011, Imagenet, and MIT Places demonstrate that the proposed approach drastically improves convergence speed while reaching very competitive accuracy rates. |
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ISE; HuPBA; 600.098; 602.133; 602.121; 600.119 |
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Admin @ si @ RBE2018 |
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3120 |
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Author |
Mikhail Mozerov; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Accurate stereo matching by two step global optimization |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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Volume |
24 |
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3 |
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1153-1163 |
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In stereo matching cost filtering methods and energy minimization algorithms are considered as two different techniques. Due to their global extend energy minimization methods obtain good stereo matching results. However, they tend to fail in occluded regions, in which cost filtering approaches obtain better results. In this paper we intend to combine both approaches with the aim to improve overall stereo matching results. We show that a global optimization with a fully connected model can be solved by cost fil tering methods. Based on this observation we propose to perform stereo matching as a two-step energy minimization algorithm. We consider two MRF models: a fully connected model defined on the complete set of pixels in an image and a conventional locally connected model. We solve the energy minimization problem for the fully connected model, after which the marginal function of the solution is used as the unary potential in the locally connected MRF model. Experiments on the Middlebury stereo datasets show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-arts results. |
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1057-7149 |
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ISE; LAMP; 600.079; 600.078 |
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Admin @ si @ MoW2015a |
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2568 |
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Author |
Jorge Bernal; Aymeric Histace; Marc Masana; Quentin Angermann; Cristina Sanchez Montes; Cristina Rodriguez de Miguel; Maroua Hammami; Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Henry Cordova; Olivier Romain; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Xavier Dray; F. Javier Sanchez |
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Title |
Polyp Detection Benchmark in Colonoscopy Videos using GTCreator: A Novel Fully Configurable Tool for Easy and Fast Annotation of Image Databases |
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Conference Article |
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2018 |
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32nd International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology & Surgery |
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CARS |
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ISE; MV; 600.119 |
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Admin @ si @ BHM2018 |
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3089 |
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Author |
Eduard Vazquez; Theo Gevers; M. Lucassen; Joost Van de Weijer; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Saliency of Color Image Derivatives: A Comparison between Computational Models and Human Perception |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Journal of the Optical Society of America A |
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JOSA A |
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27 |
Issue |
3 |
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613–621 |
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In this paper, computational methods are proposed to compute color edge saliency based on the information content of color edges. The computational methods are evaluated on bottom-up saliency in a psychophysical experiment, and on a more complex task of salient object detection in real-world images. The psychophysical experiment demonstrates the relevance of using information theory as a saliency processing model and that the proposed methods are significantly better in predicting color saliency (with a human-method correspondence up to 74.75% and an observer agreement of 86.8%) than state-of-the-art models. Furthermore, results from salient object detection confirm that an early fusion of color and contrast provide accurate performance to compute visual saliency with a hit rate up to 95.2%. |
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ISE;CIC |
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no |
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CAT @ cat @ VGL2010 |
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1275 |
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Author |
Arjan Gijsenij; Theo Gevers; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Computational Color Constancy: Survey and Experiments |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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TIP |
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20 |
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9 |
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2475-2489 |
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computational color constancy;computer vision application;gamut-based method;learning-based method;static method;colour vision;computer vision;image colour analysis;learning (artificial intelligence);lighting |
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Computational color constancy is a fundamental prerequisite for many computer vision applications. This paper presents a survey of many recent developments and state-of-the- art methods. Several criteria are proposed that are used to assess the approaches. A taxonomy of existing algorithms is proposed and methods are separated in three groups: static methods, gamut-based methods and learning-based methods. Further, the experimental setup is discussed including an overview of publicly available data sets. Finally, various freely available methods, of which some are considered to be state-of-the-art, are evaluated on two data sets. |
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1057-7149 |
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ISE;CIC |
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Admin @ si @ GGW2011 |
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1717 |
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Xavier Boix; Josep M. Gonfaus; Joost Van de Weijer; Andrew Bagdanov; Joan Serrat; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Harmony Potentials: Fusing Global and Local Scale for Semantic Image Segmentation |
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2012 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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96 |
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1 |
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83-102 |
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The Hierarchical Conditional Random Field(HCRF) model have been successfully applied to a number of image labeling problems, including image segmentation. However, existing HCRF models of image segmentation do not allow multiple classes to be assigned to a single region, which limits their ability to incorporate contextual information across multiple scales.
At higher scales in the image, this representation yields an oversimplied model since multiple classes can be reasonably expected to appear within large regions. This simplied model particularly limits the impact of information at higher scales. Since class-label information at these scales is usually more reliable than at lower, noisier scales, neglecting this information is undesirable. To
address these issues, we propose a new consistency potential for image labeling problems, which we call the harmony potential. It can encode any possible combi-
nation of labels, penalizing only unlikely combinations of classes. We also propose an eective sampling strategy over this expanded label set that renders tractable the underlying optimization problem. Our approach obtains state-of-the-art results on two challenging, standard benchmark datasets for semantic image segmentation: PASCAL VOC 2010, and MSRC-21. |
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0920-5691 |
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ISE;CIC;ADAS |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BGW2012 |
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1718 |
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Carola Figueroa Flores; Bogdan Raducanu; David Berga; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Hallucinating Saliency Maps for Fine-Grained Image Classification for Limited Data Domains |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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16th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications |
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4 |
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163-171 |
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arXiv:2007.12562
Most of the saliency methods are evaluated on their ability to generate saliency maps, and not on their functionality in a complete vision pipeline, like for instance, image classification. In the current paper, we propose an approach which does not require explicit saliency maps to improve image classification, but they are learned implicitely, during the training of an end-to-end image classification task. We show that our approach obtains similar results as the case when the saliency maps are provided explicitely. Combining RGB data with saliency maps represents a significant advantage for object recognition, especially for the case when training data is limited. We validate our method on several datasets for fine-grained classification tasks (Flowers, Birds and Cars). In addition, we show that our saliency estimation method, which is trained without any saliency groundtruth data, obtains competitive results on real image saliency benchmark (Toronto), and outperforms deep saliency models with synthetic images (SID4VAM). |
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Virtual; February 2021 |
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VISAPP |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ FRB2021c |
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3540 |
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Author |
Albin Soutif; Marc Masana; Joost Van de Weijer; Bartlomiej Twardowski |
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On the importance of cross-task features for class-incremental learning |
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2021 |
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Theory and Foundation of continual learning workshop of ICML |
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In class-incremental learning, an agent with limited resources needs to learn a sequence of classification tasks, forming an ever growing classification problem, with the constraint of not being able to access data from previous tasks. The main difference with task-incremental learning, where a task-ID is available at inference time, is that the learner also needs to perform crosstask discrimination, i.e. distinguish between classes that have not been seen together. Approaches to tackle this problem are numerous and mostly make use of an external memory (buffer) of non-negligible size. In this paper, we ablate the learning of crosstask features and study its influence on the performance of basic replay strategies used for class-IL. We also define a new forgetting measure for class-incremental learning, and see that forgetting is not the principal cause of low performance. Our experimental results show that future algorithms for class-incremental learning should not only prevent forgetting, but also aim to improve the quality of the cross-task features. This is especially important when the number of classes per task is small. |
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Virtual; July 2021 |
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ICMLW |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SMW2021 |
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3588 |
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Author |
Fei Yang |
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Title |
Towards Practical Neural Image Compression |
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2021 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Images and videos are pervasive in our life and communication. With advances in smart and portable devices, high capacity communication networks and high definition cinema, image and video compression are more relevant than ever. Traditional block-based linear transform codecs such as JPEG, H.264/AVC or the recent H.266/VVC are carefully designed to meet not only the rate-distortion criteria, but also the practical requirements of applications.
Recently, a new paradigm based on deep neural networks (i.e., neural image/video compression) has become increasingly popular due to its ability to learn powerful nonlinear transforms and other coding tools directly from data instead of being crafted by humans, as was usual in previous coding formats. While achieving excellent rate-distortion performance, these approaches are still limited mostly to research environments due to heavy models and other practical limitations, such as being limited to function on a particular rate and due to high memory and computational cost. In this thesis, we study these practical limitations, and designing more practical neural image compression approaches.
After analyzing the differences between traditional and neural image compression, our first contribution is the modulated autoencoder (MAE), a framework that includes a mechanism to provide multiple rate-distortion options within a single model with comparable performance to independent models. In a second contribution, we propose the slimmable compressive autoencoder (SlimCAE), which in addition to variable rate, can optimize the complexity of the model and thus reduce significantly the memory and computational burden.
Modern generative models can learn custom image transformation directly from suitable datasets following encoder-decoder architectures, task known as image-to-image (I2I) translation. Building on our previous work, we study the problem of distributed I2I translation, where the latent representation is transmitted through a binary channel and decoded in a remote receiving side. We also propose a variant that can perform both translation and the usual autoencoding functionality.
Finally, we also consider neural video compression, where the autoencoder is typically augmented with temporal prediction via motion compensation. One of the main bottlenecks of that framework is the optical flow module that estimates the displacement to predict the next frame. Focusing on this module, we propose a method that improves the accuracy of the optical flow estimation and a simplified variant that reduces the computational cost.
Key words: neural image compression, neural video compression, optical flow, practical neural image compression, compressive autoencoders, image-to-image translation, deep learning. |
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December 2021 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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IMPRIMA |
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Luis Herranz;Mikhail Mozerov;Yongmei Cheng |
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978-84-122714-7-8 |
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LAMP |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ Yan2021 |
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3608 |
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Author |
Vacit Oguz Yazici |
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Towards Smart Fashion: Visual Recognition of Products and Attributes |
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2022 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Artificial intelligence is innovating the fashion industry by proposing new applications and solutions to the problems encountered by researchers and engineers working in the industry. In this thesis, we address three of these problems. In the first part of the thesis, we tackle the problem of multi-label image classification which is very related to fashion attribute recognition. In the second part of the thesis, we address two problems that are specific to fashion. Firstly, we address the problem of main product detection which is the task of associating correct image parts (e.g. bounding boxes) with the fashion product being sold. Secondly, we address the problem of color naming for multicolored fashion items. The task of multi-label image classification consists in assigning various concepts such as objects or attributes to images. Usually, there are dependencies that can be learned between the concepts to capture label correlations (chair and table classes are more likely to co-exist than chair and giraffe).
If we treat the multi-label image classification problem as an orderless set prediction problem, we can exploit recurrent neural networks (RNN) to capture label correlations. However, RNNs are trained to predict ordered sequences of tokens, so if the order of the predicted sequence is different than the order of the ground truth sequence, there will be penalization although the predictions are correct. Therefore, in the first part of the thesis, we propose an orderless loss function which will order the labels in the ground truth sequence dynamically in a way that the minimum loss is achieved. This results in a significant improvement of RNN models on multi-label image classification over the previous methods.
However, RNNs suffer from long term dependencies when the cardinality of set grows bigger. The decoding process might stop early if the current hidden state cannot find any object and outputs the termination token. This would cause the remaining classes not to be predicted and lower recall metric. Transformers can be used to avoid the long term dependency problem exploiting their selfattention modules that process sequential data simultaneously. Consequently, we propose a novel transformer model for multi-label image classification which surpasses the state-of-the-art results by a large margin.
In the second part of thesis, we focus on two fashion-specific problems. Main product detection is the task of associating image parts with the fashion product that is being sold, generally using associated textual metadata (product title or description). Normally, in fashion e-commerces, products are represented by multiple images where a person wears the product along with other fashion items. If all the fashion items in the images are marked with bounding boxes, we can use the textual metadata to decide which item is the main product. The initial work treated each of these images independently, discarding the fact that they all belong to the same product. In this thesis, we represent the bounding boxes from all the images as nodes in a fully connected graph. This allows the algorithm to learn relations between the nodes during training and take the entire context into account for the final decision. Our algorithm results in a significant improvement of the state-ofthe-art.
Moreover, we address the problem of color naming for multicolored fashion items, which is a challenging task due to the external factors such as illumination changes or objects that act as clutter. In the context of multi-label classification, the vaguely defined lines between the classes in the color space cause ambiguity. For example, a shade of blue which is very close to green might cause the model to incorrectly predict the color blue and green at the same time. Based on this, models trained for color naming are expected to recognize the colors and their quantities in both single colored and multicolored fashion items. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose a novel architecture with an additional head that explicitly estimates the number of colors in fashion items. This removes the ambiguity problem and results in better color naming performance. |
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January 2022 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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IMPRIMA |
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Joost Van de Weijer;Arnau Ramisa |
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978-84-122714-6-1 |
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Admin @ si @ Ogu2022 |
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3631 |
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Author |
Fei Yang; Yaxing Wang; Luis Herranz; Yongmei Cheng; Mikhail Mozerov |
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A Novel Framework for Image-to-image Translation and Image Compression |
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2022 |
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Neurocomputing |
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NEUCOM |
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508 |
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58-70 |
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Data-driven paradigms using machine learning are becoming ubiquitous in image processing and communications. In particular, image-to-image (I2I) translation is a generic and widely used approach to image processing problems, such as image synthesis, style transfer, and image restoration. At the same time, neural image compression has emerged as a data-driven alternative to traditional coding approaches in visual communications. In this paper, we study the combination of these two paradigms into a joint I2I compression and translation framework, focusing on multi-domain image synthesis. We first propose distributed I2I translation by integrating quantization and entropy coding into an I2I translation framework (i.e. I2Icodec). In practice, the image compression functionality (i.e. autoencoding) is also desirable, requiring to deploy alongside I2Icodec a regular image codec. Thus, we further propose a unified framework that allows both translation and autoencoding capabilities in a single codec. Adaptive residual blocks conditioned on the translation/compression mode provide flexible adaptation to the desired functionality. The experiments show promising results in both I2I translation and image compression using a single model. |
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Admin @ si @ YWH2022 |
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3679 |
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Shun Yao; Fei Yang; Yongmei Cheng; Mikhail Mozerov |
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3D Shapes Local Geometry Codes Learning with SDF |
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2021 |
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International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops |
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2110-2117 |
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A signed distance function (SDF) as the 3D shape description is one of the most effective approaches to represent 3D geometry for rendering and reconstruction. Our work is inspired by the state-of-the-art method DeepSDF [17] that learns and analyzes the 3D shape as the iso-surface of its shell and this method has shown promising results especially in the 3D shape reconstruction and compression domain. In this paper, we consider the degeneration problem of reconstruction coming from the capacity decrease of the DeepSDF model, which approximates the SDF with a neural network and a single latent code. We propose Local Geometry Code Learning (LGCL), a model that improves the original DeepSDF results by learning from a local shape geometry of the full 3D shape. We add an extra graph neural network to split the single transmittable latent code into a set of local latent codes distributed on the 3D shape. Mentioned latent codes are used to approximate the SDF in their local regions, which will alleviate the complexity of the approximation compared to the original DeepSDF. Furthermore, we introduce a new geometric loss function to facilitate the training of these local latent codes. Note that other local shape adjusting methods use the 3D voxel representation, which in turn is a problem highly difficult to solve or even is insolvable. In contrast, our architecture is based on graph processing implicitly and performs the learning regression process directly in the latent code space, thus make the proposed architecture more flexible and also simple for realization. Our experiments on 3D shape reconstruction demonstrate that our LGCL method can keep more details with a significantly smaller size of the SDF decoder and outperforms considerably the original DeepSDF method under the most important quantitative metrics. |
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VIRTUAL; October 2021 |
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ICCVW |
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Admin @ si @ YYC2021 |
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3681 |
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