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Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Yael Tudela; Henry Cordova; S. Carballal; I. Ordas; L. Moreira; E. Vaquero; O. Ortiz; L. Rivero; F. Javier Sanchez; Miriam Cuatrecasas; Maria Pellise; Jorge Bernal; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach |
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Title |
First in Vivo Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Colorectal Polyps using White Light Endoscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Endoscopy |
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54 |
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2022/04/14 |
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Georg Thieme Verlag KG |
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ISE |
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Admin @ si @ GTC2022a |
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3746 |
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Author |
Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Yael Tudela; Henry Cordova; S. Carballal; I. Ordas; L. Moreira; E. Vaquero; O. Ortiz; L. Rivero; F. Javier Sanchez; Miriam Cuatrecasas; Maria Pellise; Jorge Bernal; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach |
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Title |
In vivo computer-aided diagnosis of colorectal polyps using white light endoscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
Publication |
Endoscopy International Open |
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ENDIO |
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10 |
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9 |
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E1201-E1207 |
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Background and study aims Artificial intelligence is currently able to accurately predict the histology of colorectal polyps. However, systems developed to date use complex optical technologies and have not been tested in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new deep learning-based optical diagnosis system, ATENEA, in a real clinical setting using only high-definition white light endoscopy (WLE) and to compare its performance with endoscopists. Methods ATENEA was prospectively tested in real life on consecutive polyps detected in colorectal cancer screening colonoscopies at Hospital Clínic. No images were discarded, and only WLE was used. The in vivo ATENEA's prediction (adenoma vs non-adenoma) was compared with the prediction of four staff endoscopists without specific training in optical diagnosis for the study purposes. Endoscopists were blind to the ATENEA output. Histology was the gold standard. Results Ninety polyps (median size: 5 mm, range: 2-25) from 31 patients were included of which 69 (76.7 %) were adenomas. ATENEA correctly predicted the histology in 63 of 69 (91.3 %, 95 % CI: 82 %-97 %) adenomas and 12 of 21 (57.1 %, 95 % CI: 34 %-78 %) non-adenomas while endoscopists made correct predictions in 52 of 69 (75.4 %, 95 % CI: 60 %-85 %) and 20 of 21 (95.2 %, 95 % CI: 76 %-100 %), respectively. The global accuracy was 83.3 % (95 % CI: 74%-90 %) and 80 % (95 % CI: 70 %-88 %) for ATENEA and endoscopists, respectively. Conclusion ATENEA can accurately be used for in vivo characterization of colorectal polyps, enabling the endoscopist to make direct decisions. ATENEA showed a global accuracy similar to that of endoscopists despite an unsatisfactory performance for non-adenomatous lesions. |
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2022 Sep 14 |
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PMID |
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ISE; 600.157 |
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Admin @ si @ GTC2022b |
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3752 |
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Author |
Sergi Garcia Bordils; George Tom; Sangeeth Reddy; Minesh Mathew; Marçal Rusiñol; C.V. Jawahar; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Read While You Drive-Multilingual Text Tracking on the Road |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
15th IAPR International workshop on document analysis systems |
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13237 |
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756–770 |
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Visual data obtained during driving scenarios usually contain large amounts of text that conveys semantic information necessary to analyse the urban environment and is integral to the traffic control plan. Yet, research on autonomous driving or driver assistance systems typically ignores this information. To advance research in this direction, we present RoadText-3K, a large driving video dataset with fully annotated text. RoadText-3K is three times bigger than its predecessor and contains data from varied geographical locations, unconstrained driving conditions and multiple languages and scripts. We offer a comprehensive analysis of tracking by detection and detection by tracking methods exploring the limits of state-of-the-art text detection. Finally, we propose a new end-to-end trainable tracking model that yields state-of-the-art results on this challenging dataset. Our experiments demonstrate the complexity and variability of RoadText-3K and establish a new, realistic benchmark for scene text tracking in the wild. |
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La Rochelle; France; May 2022 |
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978-3-031-06554-5 |
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DAS |
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DAG; 600.155; 611.022; 611.004 |
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Admin @ si @ GTR2022 |
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3783 |
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Alex Gomez-Villa; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Lu Yu; Andrew Bagdanov; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Title |
Continually Learning Self-Supervised Representations With Projected Functional Regularization |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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CVPR 2022 Workshop on Continual Learning (CLVision, 3rd Edition) |
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3866-3876 |
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Computer vision; Conferences; Self-supervised learning; Image representation; Pattern recognition |
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Recent self-supervised learning methods are able to learn high-quality image representations and are closing the gap with supervised approaches. However, these methods are unable to acquire new knowledge incrementally – they are, in fact, mostly used only as a pre-training phase over IID data. In this work we investigate self-supervised methods in continual learning regimes without any replay
mechanism. We show that naive functional regularization,also known as feature distillation, leads to lower plasticity and limits continual learning performance. Instead, we propose Projected Functional Regularization in which a separate temporal projection network ensures that the newly learned feature space preserves information of the previous one, while at the same time allowing for the learning of new features. This prevents forgetting while maintaining the plasticity of the learner. Comparison with other incremental learning approaches applied to self-supervision demonstrates that our method obtains competitive performance in
different scenarios and on multiple datasets. |
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New Orleans, USA; 20 June 2022 |
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LAMP: 600.147; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ GTY2022 |
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3704 |
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Author |
Akhil Gurram |
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Title |
Monocular Depth Estimation for Autonomous Driving |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2022 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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3D geometric information is essential for on-board perception in autonomous driving and driver assistance. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are equipped with calibrated sensor suites. As part of these suites, we can find LiDARs, which are expensive active sensors in charge of providing the 3D geometric information. Depending on the operational conditions for the AV, calibrated stereo rigs may be also sufficient for obtaining 3D geometric information, being these rigs less expensive and easier to install than LiDARs. However, ensuring a proper maintenance and calibration of these types of sensors is not trivial. Accordingly, there is an increasing interest on performing monocular depth estimation (MDE) to obtain 3D geometric information on-board. MDE is very appealing since it allows for appearance and depth being on direct pixelwise correspondence without further calibration. Moreover, a set of single cameras with MDE capabilities would still be a cheap solution for on-board perception, relatively easy to integrate and maintain in an AV.
Best MDE models are based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained in a supervised manner, i.e., assuming pixelwise ground truth (GT). Accordingly, the overall goal of this PhD is to study methods for improving CNN-based MDE accuracy under different training settings. More specifically, this PhD addresses different research questions that are described below. When we started to work in this PhD, state-of-theart methods for MDE were already based on CNNs. In fact, a promising line of work consisted in using image-based semantic supervision (i.e., pixel-level class labels) while training CNNs for MDE using LiDAR-based supervision (i.e., depth). It was common practice to assume that the same raw training data are complemented by both types of supervision, i.e., with depth and semantic labels. However, in practice, it was more common to find heterogeneous datasets with either only depth supervision or only semantic supervision. Therefore, our first work was to research if we could train CNNs for MDE by leveraging depth and semantic information from heterogeneous datasets. We show that this is indeed possible, and we surpassed the state-of-the-art results on MDE at the time we did this research. To achieve our results, we proposed a particular CNN architecture and a new training protocol.
After this research, it was clear that the upper-bound setting to train CNN-based MDE models consists in using LiDAR data as supervision. However, it would be cheaper and more scalable if we would be able to train such models from monocular sequences. Obviously, this is far more challenging, but worth to research. Training MDE models using monocular sequences is possible by relying on structure-from-motion (SfM) principles to generate self-supervision. Nevertheless, problems of camouflaged objects, visibility changes, static-camera intervals, textureless areas, and scale ambiguity, diminish the usefulness of such self-supervision. To alleviate these problems, we perform MDE by virtual-world supervision and real-world SfM self-supervision. We call our proposalMonoDEVSNet. We compensate the SfM self-supervision limitations by leveraging
virtual-world images with accurate semantic and depth supervision, as well as addressing the virtual-to-real domain gap. MonoDEVSNet outperformed previous MDE CNNs trained on monocular and even stereo sequences. We have publicly released MonoDEVSNet at <https://github.com/HMRC-AEL/MonoDEVSNet>.
Finally, since MDE is performed to produce 3D information for being used in downstream tasks related to on-board perception. We also address the question of whether the standard metrics for MDE assessment are a good indicator for future MDE-based driving-related perception tasks. By using 3D object detection on point clouds as proxy of on-board perception, we conclude that, indeed, MDE evaluation metrics give rise to a ranking of methods which reflects relatively well the 3D object detection results we may expect. |
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March, 2022 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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IMPRIMA |
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Antonio Lopez;Onay Urfalioglu |
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978-84-124793-0-0 |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ Gur2022 |
Serial |
3712 |
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Author |
Wenjuan Gong; Zhang Yue; Wei Wang; Cheng Peng; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
Meta-MMFNet: Meta-Learning Based Multi-Model Fusion Network for Micro-Expression Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications |
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ACMTMC |
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Feature Fusion; Model Fusion; Meta-Learning; Micro-Expression Recognition |
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Despite its wide applications in criminal investigations and clinical communications with patients suffering from autism, automatic micro-expression recognition remains a challenging problem because of the lack of training data and imbalanced classes problems. In this study, we proposed a meta-learning based multi-model fusion network (Meta-MMFNet) to solve the existing problems. The proposed method is based on the metric-based meta-learning pipeline, which is specifically designed for few-shot learning and is suitable for model-level fusion. The frame difference and optical flow features were fused, deep features were extracted from the fused feature, and finally in the meta-learning-based framework, weighted sum model fusion method was applied for micro-expression classification. Meta-MMFNet achieved better results than state-of-the-art methods on four datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/wenjgong/meta-fusion-based-method. |
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May 2022 |
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ISE; 600.157 |
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Admin @ si @ GYW2022 |
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3692 |
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Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Jose Elias Yauri; Pau Folch; Miquel Angel Piera; Debora Gil |
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Recognition of the Mental Workloads of Pilots in the Cockpit Using EEG Signals |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
Publication |
Applied Sciences |
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APPLSCI |
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12 |
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5 |
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2298 |
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Cognitive states; Mental workload; EEG analysis; Neural networks; Multimodal data fusion |
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The commercial flightdeck is a naturally multi-tasking work environment, one in which interruptions are frequent come in various forms, contributing in many cases to aviation incident reports. Automatic characterization of pilots’ workloads is essential to preventing these kind of incidents. In addition, minimizing the physiological sensor network as much as possible remains both a challenge and a requirement. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have shown high correlations with specific cognitive and mental states, such as workload. However, there is not enough evidence in the literature to validate how well models generalize in cases of new subjects performing tasks with workloads similar to the ones included during the model’s training. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network to classify EEG features across different mental workloads in a continuous performance task test that partly measures working memory and working memory capacity. Our model is valid at the general population level and it is able to transfer task learning to pilot mental workload recognition in a simulated operational environment. |
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February 2022 |
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IAM; ADAS; 600.139; 600.145; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ HYF2022 |
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3720 |
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Mohamed Ramzy Ibrahim; Robert Benavente; Felipe Lumbreras; Daniel Ponsa |
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3DRRDB: Super Resolution of Multiple Remote Sensing Images using 3D Residual in Residual Dense Blocks |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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CVPR 2022 Workshop on IEEE Perception Beyond the Visible Spectrum workshop series (PBVS, 18th Edition) |
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Training; Solid modeling; Three-dimensional displays; PSNR; Convolution; Superresolution; Pattern recognition |
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The rapid advancement of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks helped in solving many remote sensing problems, especially the problems of super-resolution. However, most state-of-the-art methods focus more on Single Image Super-Resolution neglecting Multi-Image Super-Resolution. In this work, a new proposed 3D Residual in Residual Dense Blocks model (3DRRDB) focuses on remote sensing Multi-Image Super-Resolution for two different single spectral bands. The proposed 3DRRDB model explores the idea of 3D convolution layers in deeply connected Dense Blocks and the effect of local and global residual connections with residual scaling in Multi-Image Super-Resolution. The model tested on the Proba-V challenge dataset shows a significant improvement above the current state-of-the-art models scoring a Corrected Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (cPSNR) of 48.79 dB and 50.83 dB for Near Infrared (NIR) and RED Bands respectively. Moreover, the proposed 3DRRDB model scores a Corrected Structural Similarity Index Measure (cSSIM) of 0.9865 and 0.9909 for NIR and RED bands respectively. |
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New Orleans, USA; 19 June 2022 |
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CVPRW |
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MSIAU; 600.130 |
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Admin @ si @ IBL2022 |
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3693 |
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Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Yagmur Gucluturk; Marc Perez; Umut Guçlu; Carlos Andujar; Xavier Baro; Hugo Jair Escalante; Isabelle Guyon; Marcel A. J. van Gerven; Rob van Lier; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
First Impressions: A Survey on Vision-Based Apparent Personality Trait Analysis |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing |
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TAC |
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13 |
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1 |
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75-95 |
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Personality computing; first impressions; person perception; big-five; subjective bias; computer vision; machine learning; nonverbal signals; facial expression; gesture; speech analysis; multi-modal recognition |
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Personality analysis has been widely studied in psychology, neuropsychology, and signal processing fields, among others. From the past few years, it also became an attractive research area in visual computing. From the computational point of view, by far speech and text have been the most considered cues of information for analyzing personality. However, recently there has been an increasing interest from the computer vision community in analyzing personality from visual data. Recent computer vision approaches are able to accurately analyze human faces, body postures and behaviors, and use these information to infer apparent personality traits. Because of the overwhelming research interest in this topic, and of the potential impact that this sort of methods could have in society, we present in this paper an up-to-date review of existing vision-based approaches for apparent personality trait recognition. We describe seminal and cutting edge works on the subject, discussing and comparing their distinctive features and limitations. Future venues of research in the field are identified and discussed. Furthermore, aspects on the subjectivity in data labeling/evaluation, as well as current datasets and challenges organized to push the research on the field are reviewed. |
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1 Jan.-March 2022 |
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HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ JGP2022 |
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3724 |
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Smriti Joshi; Richard Osuala; Carlos Martin-Isla; Victor M.Campello; Carla Sendra-Balcells; Karim Lekadir; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
nn-UNet Training on CycleGAN-Translated Images for Cross-modal Domain Adaptation in Biomedical Imaging |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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International MICCAI Brainlesion Workshop |
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12963 |
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540–551 |
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Domain adaptation; Vestibular schwannoma (VS); Deep learning; nn-UNet; CycleGAN |
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In recent years, deep learning models have considerably advanced the performance of segmentation tasks on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). However, these models show a considerable performance drop when they are evaluated on unseen data from a different distribution. Since annotation is often a hard and costly task requiring expert supervision, it is necessary to develop ways in which existing models can be adapted to the unseen domains without any additional labelled information. In this work, we explore one such technique which extends the CycleGAN [2] architecture to generate label-preserving data in the target domain. The synthetic target domain data is used to train the nn-UNet [3] framework for the task of multi-label segmentation. The experiments are conducted and evaluated on the dataset [1] provided in the ‘Cross-Modality Domain Adaptation for Medical Image Segmentation’ challenge [23] for segmentation of vestibular schwannoma (VS) tumour and cochlea on contrast enhanced (ceT1) and high resolution (hrT2) MRI scans. In the proposed approach, our model obtains dice scores (DSC) 0.73 and 0.49 for tumour and cochlea respectively on the validation set of the dataset. This indicates the applicability of the proposed technique to real-world problems where data may be obtained by different acquisition protocols as in [1] where hrT2 images are more reliable, safer, and lower-cost alternative to ceT1. |
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MICCAIW |
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HUPBA; no menciona |
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Admin @ si @ JOM2022 |
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3800 |
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S.K. Jemni; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes |
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Enhance to Read Better: A Multi-Task Adversarial Network for Handwritten Document Image Enhancement |
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2022 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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123 |
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108370 |
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Handwritten document images can be highly affected by degradation for different reasons: Paper ageing, daily-life scenarios (wrinkles, dust, etc.), bad scanning process and so on. These artifacts raise many readability issues for current Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) algorithms and severely devalue their efficiency. In this paper, we propose an end to end architecture based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to recover the degraded documents into a and form. Unlike the most well-known document binarization methods, which try to improve the visual quality of the degraded document, the proposed architecture integrates a handwritten text recognizer that promotes the generated document image to be more readable. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use the text information while binarizing handwritten documents. Extensive experiments conducted on degraded Arabic and Latin handwritten documents demonstrate the usefulness of integrating the recognizer within the GAN architecture, which improves both the visual quality and the readability of the degraded document images. Moreover, we outperform the state of the art in H-DIBCO challenges, after fine tuning our pre-trained model with synthetically degraded Latin handwritten images, on this task. |
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DAG; 600.124; 600.121; 602.230 |
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Admin @ si @ JSK2022 |
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3613 |
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Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas |
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Title |
Pay Attention to What You Read: Non-recurrent Handwritten Text-Line Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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129 |
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108766 |
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The advent of recurrent neural networks for handwriting recognition marked an important milestone reaching impressive recognition accuracies despite the great variability that we observe across different writing styles. Sequential architectures are a perfect fit to model text lines, not only because of the inherent temporal aspect of text, but also to learn probability distributions over sequences of characters and words. However, using such recurrent paradigms comes at a cost at training stage, since their sequential pipelines prevent parallelization. In this work, we introduce a non-recurrent approach to recognize handwritten text by the use of transformer models. We propose a novel method that bypasses any recurrence. By using multi-head self-attention layers both at the visual and textual stages, we are able to tackle character recognition as well as to learn language-related dependencies of the character sequences to be decoded. Our model is unconstrained to any predefined vocabulary, being able to recognize out-of-vocabulary words, i.e. words that do not appear in the training vocabulary. We significantly advance over prior art and demonstrate that satisfactory recognition accuracies are yielded even in few-shot learning scenarios. |
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Sept. 2022 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162 |
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Admin @ si @ KRR2022 |
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3556 |
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Zhaocheng Liu; Luis Herranz; Fei Yang; Saiping Zhang; Shuai Wan; Marta Mrak; Marc Gorriz |
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Title |
Slimmable Video Codec |
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Conference Article |
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2022 |
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CVPR 2022 Workshop and Challenge on Learned Image Compression (CLIC 2022, 5th Edition) |
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1742-1746 |
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Neural video compression has emerged as a novel paradigm combining trainable multilayer neural net-works and machine learning, achieving competitive rate-distortion (RD) performances, but still remaining impractical due to heavy neural architectures, with large memory and computational demands. In addition, models are usually optimized for a single RD tradeoff. Recent slimmable image codecs can dynamically adjust their model capacity to gracefully reduce the memory and computation requirements, without harming RD performance. In this paper we propose a slimmable video codec (SlimVC), by integrating a slimmable temporal entropy model in a slimmable autoencoder. Despite a significantly more complex architecture, we show that slimming remains a powerful mechanism to control rate, memory footprint, computational cost and latency, all being important requirements for practical video compression. |
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Virtual; 19 June 2022 |
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CVPRW |
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MACO; 601.379; 601.161 |
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Admin @ si @ LHY2022 |
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3687 |
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Spencer Low; Oliver Nina; Angel Sappa; Erik Blasch; Nathan Inkawhich |
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Title |
Multi-Modal Aerial View Object Classification Challenge Results – PBVS 2022 |
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2022 |
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IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) |
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350-358 |
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This paper details the results and main findings of the second iteration of the Multi-modal Aerial View Object Classification (MAVOC) challenge. The primary goal of both MAVOC challenges is to inspire research into methods for building recognition models that utilize both synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and electro-optical (EO) imagery. Teams are encouraged to develop multi-modal approaches that incorporate complementary information from both domains. While the 2021 challenge showed a proof of concept that both modalities could be used together, the 2022 challenge focuses on the detailed multi-modal methods. The 2022 challenge uses the same UNIfied Coincident Optical and Radar for recognitioN (UNICORN) dataset and competition format that was used in 2021. Specifically, the challenge focuses on two tasks, (1) SAR classification and (2) SAR + EO classification. The bulk of this document is dedicated to discussing the top performing methods and describing their performance on our blind test set. Notably, all of the top ten teams outperform a Resnet-18 baseline. For SAR classification, the top team showed a 129% improvement over baseline and an 8% average improvement from the 2021 winner. The top team for SAR + EO classification shows a 165% improvement with a 32% average improvement over 2021. |
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New Orleans; USA; June 2022 |
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CVPRW |
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MSIAU |
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Admin @ si @ LNS2022 |
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3768 |
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Ajian Liu; Chenxu Zhao; Zitong Yu; Jun Wan; Anyang Su; Xing Liu; Zichang Tan; Sergio Escalera; Junliang Xing; Yanyan Liang; Guodong Guo; Zhen Lei; Stan Z. Li; Shenshen Du |
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Title |
Contrastive Context-Aware Learning for 3D High-Fidelity Mask Face Presentation Attack Detection |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security |
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TIForensicSEC |
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17 |
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2497 - 2507 |
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Face presentation attack detection (PAD) is essential to secure face recognition systems primarily from high-fidelity mask attacks. Most existing 3D mask PAD benchmarks suffer from several drawbacks: 1) a limited number of mask identities, types of sensors, and a total number of videos; 2) low-fidelity quality of facial masks. Basic deep models and remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) methods achieved acceptable performance on these benchmarks but still far from the needs of practical scenarios. To bridge the gap to real-world applications, we introduce a large-scale Hi gh- Fi delity Mask dataset, namely HiFiMask . Specifically, a total amount of 54,600 videos are recorded from 75 subjects with 225 realistic masks by 7 new kinds of sensors. Along with the dataset, we propose a novel C ontrastive C ontext-aware L earning (CCL) framework. CCL is a new training methodology for supervised PAD tasks, which is able to learn by leveraging rich contexts accurately (e.g., subjects, mask material and lighting) among pairs of live faces and high-fidelity mask attacks. Extensive experimental evaluations on HiFiMask and three additional 3D mask datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The codes and dataset will be released soon. |
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IEEE |
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HuPBA |
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Admin @ si @ LZY2022 |
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3778 |
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