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Author (up) Hugo Jair Escalante; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Xavier Baro; Yagmur Gucluturk; Umut Guçlu; Marcel van Gerven
Title Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine Learning Type Book Whole
Year 2018 Publication The Springer Series on Challenges in Machine Learning Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract This book compiles leading research on the development of explainable and interpretable machine learning methods in the context of computer vision and machine learning.
Research progress in computer vision and pattern recognition has led to a variety of modeling techniques with almost human-like performance. Although these models have obtained astounding results, they are limited in their explainability and interpretability: what is the rationale behind the decision made? what in the model structure explains its functioning? Hence, while good performance is a critical required characteristic for learning machines, explainability and interpretability capabilities are needed to take learning machines to the next step to include them in decision support systems involving human supervision.
This book, written by leading international researchers, addresses key topics of explainability and interpretability, including the following:

·Evaluation and Generalization in Interpretable Machine Learning
·Explanation Methods in Deep Learning
·Learning Functional Causal Models with Generative Neural Networks
·Learning Interpreatable Rules for Multi-Label Classification
·Structuring Neural Networks for More Explainable Predictions
·Generating Post Hoc Rationales of Deep Visual Classification Decisions
·Ensembling Visual Explanations
·Explainable Deep Driving by Visualizing Causal Attention
·Interdisciplinary Perspective on Algorithmic Job Candidate Search
·Multimodal Personality Trait Analysis for Explainable Modeling of Job Interview Decisions
·Inherent Explainability Pattern Theory-based Video Event Interpretations
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Notes HuPBA; no menciona Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ EEG2018 Serial 3399
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Author (up) Hugo Prol; Vincent Dumoulin; Luis Herranz
Title Cross-Modulation Networks for Few-Shot Learning Type Miscellaneous
Year 2018 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal
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Abstract A family of recent successful approaches to few-shot learning relies on learning an embedding space in which predictions are made by computing similarities between examples. This corresponds to combining information between support and query examples at a very late stage of the prediction pipeline. Inspired by this observation, we hypothesize that there may be benefits to combining the information at various levels of abstraction along the pipeline. We present an architecture called Cross-Modulation Networks which allows support and query examples to interact throughout the feature extraction process via a feature-wise modulation mechanism. We adapt the Matching Networks architecture to take advantage of these interactions and show encouraging initial results on miniImageNet in the 5-way, 1-shot setting, where we close the gap with state-of-the-art.
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Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ PDH2018 Serial 3248
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Author (up) I. Sorodoc; S. Pezzelle; A. Herbelot; Mariella Dimiccoli; R. Bernardi
Title Learning quantification from images: A structured neural architecture Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Natural Language Engineering Abbreviated Journal NLE
Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 363-392
Keywords
Abstract Major advances have recently been made in merging language and vision representations. Most tasks considered so far have confined themselves to the processing of objects and lexicalised relations amongst objects (content words). We know, however, that humans (even pre-school children) can abstract over raw multimodal data to perform certain types of higher level reasoning, expressed in natural language by function words. A case in point is given by their ability to learn quantifiers, i.e. expressions like few, some and all. From formal semantics and cognitive linguistics, we know that quantifiers are relations over sets which, as a simplification, we can see as proportions. For instance, in most fish are red, most encodes the proportion of fish which are red fish. In this paper, we study how well current neural network strategies model such relations. We propose a task where, given an image and a query expressed by an object–property pair, the system must return a quantifier expressing which proportions of the queried object have the queried property. Our contributions are twofold. First, we show that the best performance on this task involves coupling state-of-the-art attention mechanisms with a network architecture mirroring the logical structure assigned to quantifiers by classic linguistic formalisation. Second, we introduce a new balanced dataset of image scenarios associated with quantification queries, which we hope will foster further research in this area.
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Notes MILAB; no menciona Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ SPH2018 Serial 3021
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Author (up) Ilke Demir; Dena Bazazian; Adriana Romero; Viktoriia Sharmanska; Lyne P. Tchapmi
Title WiCV 2018: The Fourth Women In Computer Vision Workshop Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication 4th Women in Computer Vision Workshop Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1941-19412
Keywords Conferences; Computer vision; Industries; Object recognition; Engineering profession; Collaboration; Machine learning
Abstract We present WiCV 2018 – Women in Computer Vision Workshop to increase the visibility and inclusion of women researchers in computer vision field, organized in conjunction with CVPR 2018. Computer vision and machine learning have made incredible progress over the past years, yet the number of female researchers is still low both in academia and industry. WiCV is organized to raise visibility of female researchers, to increase the collaboration,
and to provide mentorship and give opportunities to femaleidentifying junior researchers in the field. In its fourth year, we are proud to present the changes and improvements over the past years, summary of statistics for presenters and attendees, followed by expectations from future generations.
Address Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference WiCV
Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ DBR2018 Serial 3222
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Author (up) Ivet Rafegas; Maria Vanrell
Title Color encoding in biologically-inspired convolutional neural networks Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Vision Research Abbreviated Journal VR
Volume 151 Issue Pages 7-17
Keywords Color coding; Computer vision; Deep learning; Convolutional neural networks
Abstract Convolutional Neural Networks have been proposed as suitable frameworks to model biological vision. Some of these artificial networks showed representational properties that rival primate performances in object recognition. In this paper we explore how color is encoded in a trained artificial network. It is performed by estimating a color selectivity index for each neuron, which allows us to describe the neuron activity to a color input stimuli. The index allows us to classify whether they are color selective or not and if they are of a single or double color. We have determined that all five convolutional layers of the network have a large number of color selective neurons. Color opponency clearly emerges in the first layer, presenting 4 main axes (Black-White, Red-Cyan, Blue-Yellow and Magenta-Green), but this is reduced and rotated as we go deeper into the network. In layer 2 we find a denser hue sampling of color neurons and opponency is reduced almost to one new main axis, the Bluish-Orangish coinciding with the dataset bias. In layers 3, 4 and 5 color neurons are similar amongst themselves, presenting different type of neurons that detect specific colored objects (e.g., orangish faces), specific surrounds (e.g., blue sky) or specific colored or contrasted object-surround configurations (e.g. blue blob in a green surround). Overall, our work concludes that color and shape representation are successively entangled through all the layers of the studied network, revealing certain parallelisms with the reported evidences in primate brains that can provide useful insight into intermediate hierarchical spatio-chromatic representations.
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Notes CIC; 600.051; 600.087 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @RaV2018 Serial 3114
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Author (up) Jelena Gorbova; Egils Avots; Iiris Lusi; Mark Fishel; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari
Title Integrating Vision and Language for First Impression Personality Analysis Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication IEEE Multimedia Abbreviated Journal MULTIMEDIA
Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 24 - 33
Keywords
Abstract The authors present a novel methodology for analyzing integrated audiovisual signals and language to assess a persons personality. An evaluation of their proposed multimodal method using a job candidate screening system that predicted five personality traits from a short video demonstrates the methods effectiveness.
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Notes HUPBA; 602.133 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ GAL2018 Serial 3124
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Author (up) Jialuo Chen; Pau Riba; Alicia Fornes; Juan Mas; Josep Llados; Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora
Title Word-Hunter: A Gamesourcing Experience to Validate the Transcription of Historical Manuscripts Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication 16th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 528-533
Keywords Crowdsourcing; Gamification; Handwritten documents; Performance evaluation
Abstract Nowadays, there are still many handwritten historical documents in archives waiting to be transcribed and indexed. Since manual transcription is tedious and time consuming, the automatic transcription seems the path to follow. However, the performance of current handwriting recognition techniques is not perfect, so a manual validation is mandatory. Crowdsourcing is a good strategy for manual validation, however it is a tedious task. In this paper we analyze experiences based in gamification
in order to propose and design a gamesourcing framework that increases the interest of users. Then, we describe and analyze our experience when validating the automatic transcription using the gamesourcing application. Moreover, thanks to the combination of clustering and handwriting recognition techniques, we can speed up the validation while maintaining the performance.
Address Niagara Falls, USA; August 2018
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Area Expedition Conference ICFHR
Notes DAG; 600.097; 603.057; 600.121 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ CRF2018 Serial 3169
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Author (up) Jianzhy Guo; Zhen Lei; Jun Wan; Egils Avots; Noushin Hajarolasvadi; Boris Knyazev; Artem Kuharenko; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Xavier Baro; Hasan Demirel; Sergio Escalera; Juri Allik; Gholamreza Anbarjafari
Title Dominant and Complementary Emotion Recognition from Still Images of Faces Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication IEEE Access Abbreviated Journal ACCESS
Volume 6 Issue Pages 26391 - 26403
Keywords
Abstract Emotion recognition has a key role in affective computing. Recently, fine-grained emotion analysis, such as compound facial expression of emotions, has attracted high interest of researchers working on affective computing. A compound facial emotion includes dominant and complementary emotions (e.g., happily-disgusted and sadly-fearful), which is more detailed than the seven classical facial emotions (e.g., happy, disgust, and so on). Current studies on compound emotions are limited to use data sets with limited number of categories and unbalanced data distributions, with labels obtained automatically by machine learning-based algorithms which could lead to inaccuracies. To address these problems, we released the iCV-MEFED data set, which includes 50 classes of compound emotions and labels assessed by psychologists. The task is challenging due to high similarities of compound facial emotions from different categories. In addition, we have organized a challenge based on the proposed iCV-MEFED data set, held at FG workshop 2017. In this paper, we analyze the top three winner methods and perform further detailed experiments on the proposed data set. Experiments indicate that pairs of compound emotion (e.g., surprisingly-happy vs happily-surprised) are more difficult to be recognized if compared with the seven basic emotions. However, we hope the proposed data set can help to pave the way for further research on compound facial emotion recognition.
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Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ GLW2018 Serial 3122
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Author (up) Joan Serrat; Felipe Lumbreras; Idoia Ruiz
Title Learning to measure for preshipment garment sizing Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Measurement Abbreviated Journal MEASURE
Volume 130 Issue Pages 327-339
Keywords Apparel; Computer vision; Structured prediction; Regression
Abstract Clothing is still manually manufactured for the most part nowadays, resulting in discrepancies between nominal and real dimensions, and potentially ill-fitting garments. Hence, it is common in the apparel industry to manually perform measures at preshipment time. We present an automatic method to obtain such measures from a single image of a garment that speeds up this task. It is generic and extensible in the sense that it does not depend explicitly on the garment shape or type. Instead, it learns through a probabilistic graphical model to identify the different contour parts. Subsequently, a set of Lasso regressors, one per desired measure, can predict the actual values of the measures. We present results on a dataset of 130 images of jackets and 98 of pants, of varying sizes and styles, obtaining 1.17 and 1.22 cm of mean absolute error, respectively.
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Notes ADAS; MSIAU; 600.122; 600.118 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ SLR2018 Serial 3128
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Author (up) Jon Almazan; Bojana Gajic; Naila Murray; Diane Larlus
Title Re-ID done right: towards good practices for person re-identification Type Miscellaneous
Year 2018 Publication Arxiv Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Training a deep architecture using a ranking loss has become standard for the person re-identification task. Increasingly, these deep architectures include additional components that leverage part detections, attribute predictions, pose estimators and other auxiliary information, in order to more effectively localize and align discriminative image regions. In this paper we adopt a different approach and carefully design each component of a simple deep architecture and, critically, the strategy for training it effectively for person re-identification. We extensively evaluate each design choice, leading to a list of good practices for person re-identification. By following these practices, our approach outperforms the state of the art, including more complex methods with auxiliary components, by large margins on four benchmark datasets. We also provide a qualitative analysis of our trained representation which indicates that, while compact, it is able to capture information from localized and discriminative regions, in a manner akin to an implicit attention mechanism.
Address January 2018
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ Serial 3711
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Author (up) Jorge Bernal; Aymeric Histace; Marc Masana; Quentin Angermann; Cristina Sanchez Montes; Cristina Rodriguez de Miguel; Maroua Hammami; Ana Garcia Rodriguez; Henry Cordova; Olivier Romain; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Xavier Dray; F. Javier Sanchez
Title Polyp Detection Benchmark in Colonoscopy Videos using GTCreator: A Novel Fully Configurable Tool for Easy and Fast Annotation of Image Databases Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication 32nd International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology & Surgery Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Abstract
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Notes ISE; MV; 600.119 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ BHM2018 Serial 3089
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Author (up) Jorge Charco; Boris X. Vintimilla; Angel Sappa
Title Deep learning based camera pose estimation in multi-view environment Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication 14th IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Based System Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Deep learning; Camera pose estimation; Multiview environment; Siamese architecture
Abstract This paper proposes to use a deep learning network architecture for relative camera pose estimation on a multi-view environment. The proposed network is a variant architecture of AlexNet to use as regressor for prediction the relative translation and rotation as output. The proposed approach is trained from
scratch on a large data set that takes as input a pair of imagesfrom the same scene. This new architecture is compared with a previous approach using standard metrics, obtaining better results on the relative camera pose.
Address Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; November 2018
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Notes MSIAU; 600.086; 600.130; 600.122 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ CVS2018 Serial 3194
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Author (up) Jose M. Armingol; Jorge Alfonso; Nourdine Aliane; Miguel Clavijo; Sergio Campos-Cordobes; Arturo de la Escalera; Javier del Ser; Javier Fernandez; Fernando Garcia; Felipe Jimenez; Antonio Lopez; Mario Mata
Title Environmental Perception for Intelligent Vehicles Type Book Chapter
Year 2018 Publication Intelligent Vehicles. Enabling Technologies and Future Developments Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 23–101
Keywords Computer vision; laser techniques; data fusion; advanced driver assistance systems; traffic monitoring systems; intelligent vehicles
Abstract Environmental perception represents, because of its complexity, a challenge for Intelligent Transport Systems due to the great variety of situations and different elements that can happen in road environments and that must be faced by these systems. In connection with this, so far there are a variety of solutions as regards sensors and methods, so the results of precision, complexity, cost, or computational load obtained by these works are different. In this chapter some systems based on computer vision and laser techniques are presented. Fusion methods are also introduced in order to provide advanced and reliable perception systems.
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Notes ADAS; 600.118 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @AAA2018 Serial 3046
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Author (up) Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Xavier Baro; Sergio Escalera
Title Exploiting feature representations through similarity learning, post-ranking and ranking aggregation for person re-identification Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Image and Vision Computing Abbreviated Journal IMAVIS
Volume 79 Issue Pages 76-85
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Abstract Person re-identification has received special attention by the human analysis community in the last few years. To address the challenges in this field, many researchers have proposed different strategies, which basically exploit either cross-view invariant features or cross-view robust metrics. In this work, we propose to exploit a post-ranking approach and combine different feature representations through ranking aggregation. Spatial information, which potentially benefits the person matching, is represented using a 2D body model, from which color and texture information are extracted and combined. We also consider background/foreground information, automatically extracted via Deep Decompositional Network, and the usage of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) features. To describe the matching between images we use the polynomial feature map, also taking into account local and global information. The Discriminant Context Information Analysis based post-ranking approach is used to improve initial ranking lists. Finally, the Stuart ranking aggregation method is employed to combine complementary ranking lists obtained from different feature representations. Experimental results demonstrated that we improve the state-of-the-art on VIPeR and PRID450s datasets, achieving 67.21% and 75.64% on top-1 rank recognition rate, respectively, as well as obtaining competitive results on CUHK01 dataset.
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Notes HuPBA; 602.143 Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ JBE2018 Serial 3138
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Author (up) Jun Wan; Sergio Escalera; Francisco Perales; Josef Kittler
Title Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR
Volume 79 Issue Pages 55-64
Keywords
Abstract This guest editorial introduces the twenty two papers accepted for this Special Issue on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects (AMDO). They are grouped into four main categories within the field of AMDO: human motion analysis (action/gesture), human pose estimation, deformable shape segmentation, and face analysis. For each of the four topics, a survey of the recent developments in the field is presented. The accepted papers are briefly introduced in the context of this survey. They contribute novel methods, algorithms with improved performance as measured on benchmarking datasets, as well as two new datasets for hand action detection and human posture analysis. The special issue should be of high relevance to the reader interested in AMDO recognition and promote future research directions in the field.
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Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ WEP2018 Serial 3126
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