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| Author | Javier Marin; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | SSSGAN: Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Networks | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 3984 |
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| Abstract | This work presents Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Network (SSGAN), a generative model of high resolution satellite imagery to support image segmentation. Based on spatially adaptive denormalization modules (SPADE) that modulate the activations with respect to segmentation map structure, in addition to global descriptor vectors that capture the semantic information in a vector with respect to Open Street Maps (OSM) classes, this model is able to produce
consistent aerial imagery. By decoupling the generation of aerial images into a structure map and a carefully defined style vector, we were able to improve the realism and geodiversity of the synthesis with respect to the state-of-the-art baseline. Therefore, the proposed model allows us to control the generation not only with respect to the desired structure, but also with respect to a geographic area. |
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MaE2021 | Serial | 3651 | ||
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| Author | Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | End-to-end Global to Local CNN Learning for Hand Pose Recovery in Depth data | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | IET Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | IETCV |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 50-66 |
| Keywords | Computer vision; data acquisition; human computer interaction; learning (artificial intelligence); pose estimation | ||||
| Abstract | Despite recent advances in 3D pose estimation of human hands, especially thanks to the advent of CNNs and depth cameras, this task is still far from being solved. This is mainly due to the highly non-linear dynamics of fingers, which make hand model training a challenging task. In this paper, we exploit a novel hierarchical tree-like structured CNN, in which branches are trained to become specialized in predefined subsets of hand joints, called local poses. We further fuse local pose features, extracted from hierarchical CNN branches, to learn higher order dependencies among joints in the final pose by end-to-end training. Lastly, the loss function used is also defined to incorporate appearance and physical constraints about doable hand motion and deformation. Finally, we introduce a non-rigid data augmentation approach to increase the amount of training depth data. Experimental results suggest that feeding a tree-shaped CNN, specialized in local poses, into a fusion network for modeling joints correlations and dependencies, helps to increase the precision of final estimations, outperforming state-of-the-art results on NYU and SyntheticHand datasets. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; ISE; 600.098; 600.119 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MEB2022 | Serial | 3652 | ||
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| Author | Victor M. Campello; Polyxeni Gkontra; Cristian Izquierdo; Carlos Martin-Isla; Alireza Sojoudi; Peter M. Full; Klaus Maier-Hein; Yao Zhang; Zhiqiang He; Jun Ma; Mario Parreno; Alberto Albiol; Fanwei Kong; Shawn C. Shadden; Jorge Corral Acero; Vaanathi Sundaresan; Mina Saber; Mustafa Elattar; Hongwei Li; Bjoern Menze; Firas Khader; Christoph Haarburger; Cian M. Scannell; Mitko Veta; Adam Carscadden; Kumaradevan Punithakumar; Xiao Liu; Sotirios A. Tsaftaris; Xiaoqiong Huang; Xin Yang; Lei Li; Xiahai Zhuang; David Vilades; Martin L. Descalzo; Andrea Guala; Lucia La Mura; Matthias G. Friedrich; Ria Garg; Julie Lebel; Filipe Henriques; Mahir Karakas; Ersin Cavus; Steffen E. Petersen; Sergio Escalera; Santiago Segui; Jose F. Rodriguez Palomares; Karim Lekadir | ||||
| Title | Multi-Centre, Multi-Vendor and Multi-Disease Cardiac Segmentation: The M&Ms Challenge | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging | Abbreviated Journal | TMI |
| Volume | 40 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 3543-3554 |
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| Abstract | The emergence of deep learning has considerably advanced the state-of-the-art in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) segmentation. Many techniques have been proposed over the last few years, bringing the accuracy of automated segmentation close to human performance. However, these models have been all too often trained and validated using cardiac imaging samples from single clinical centres or homogeneous imaging protocols. This has prevented the development and validation of models that are generalizable across different clinical centres, imaging conditions or scanner vendors. To promote further research and scientific benchmarking in the field of generalizable deep learning for cardiac segmentation, this paper presents the results of the Multi-Centre, Multi-Vendor and Multi-Disease Cardiac Segmentation (M&Ms) Challenge, which was recently organized as part of the MICCAI 2020 Conference. A total of 14 teams submitted different solutions to the problem, combining various baseline models, data augmentation strategies, and domain adaptation techniques. The obtained results indicate the importance of intensity-driven data augmentation, as well as the need for further research to improve generalizability towards unseen scanner vendors or new imaging protocols. Furthermore, we present a new resource of 375 heterogeneous CMR datasets acquired by using four different scanner vendors in six hospitals and three different countries (Spain, Canada and Germany), which we provide as open-access for the community to enable future research in the field. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CGI2021 | Serial | 3653 | ||
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| Author | Meysam Madadi; Hugo Bertiche; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Deep unsupervised 3D human body reconstruction from a sparse set of landmarks | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | International Journal of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | IJCV |
| Volume | 129 | Issue | Pages | 2499–2512 | |
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| Abstract | In this paper we propose the first deep unsupervised approach in human body reconstruction to estimate body surface from a sparse set of landmarks, so called DeepMurf. We apply a denoising autoencoder to estimate missing landmarks. Then we apply an attention model to estimate body joints from landmarks. Finally, a cascading network is applied to regress parameters of a statistical generative model that reconstructs body. Our set of proposed loss functions allows us to train the network in an unsupervised way. Results on four public datasets show that our approach accurately reconstructs the human body from real world mocap data. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MBE2021 | Serial | 3654 | ||
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| Author | Meysam Madadi; Hugo Bertiche; Wafa Bouzouita; Isabelle Guyon; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Learning Cloth Dynamics: 3D+Texture Garment Reconstruction Benchmark | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Proceedings of Machine Learning Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 133 | Issue | Pages | 57-76 | |
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| Abstract | Human avatars are important targets in many computer applications. Accurately tracking, capturing, reconstructing and animating the human body, face and garments in 3D are critical for human-computer interaction, gaming, special effects and virtual reality. In the past, this has required extensive manual animation. Regardless of the advances in human body and face reconstruction, still modeling, learning and analyzing human dynamics need further attention. In this paper we plan to push the research in this direction, e.g. understanding human dynamics in 2D and 3D, with special attention to garments. We provide a large-scale dataset (more than 2M frames) of animated garments with variable topology and type, calledCLOTH3D++. The dataset contains RGBA video sequences paired with its corresponding 3D data. We pay special care to garment dynamics and realistic rendering of RGB data, including lighting, fabric type and texture. With this dataset, we hold a competition at NeurIPS2020. We design three tracks so participants can compete to develop the best method to perform 3D garment reconstruction in a sequence from (1) 3D-to-3D garments, (2) RGB-to-3D garments, and (3) RGB-to-3D garments plus texture. We also provide a baseline method, based on graph convolutional networks, for each track. Baseline results show that there is a lot of room for improvements. However, due to the challenging nature of the problem, no participant could outperform the baselines. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MBB2021 | Serial | 3655 | ||
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| Author | Swathikiran Sudhakaran; Sergio Escalera;Oswald Lanz | ||||
| Title | Learning to Recognize Actions on Objects in Egocentric Video with Attention Dictionaries | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | TPAMI |
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| Abstract | We present EgoACO, a deep neural architecture for video action recognition that learns to pool action-context-object descriptors from frame level features by leveraging the verb-noun structure of action labels in egocentric video datasets. The core component of EgoACO is class activation pooling (CAP), a differentiable pooling operation that combines ideas from bilinear pooling for fine-grained recognition and from feature learning for discriminative localization. CAP uses self-attention with a dictionary of learnable weights to pool from the most relevant feature regions. Through CAP, EgoACO learns to decode object and scene context descriptors from video frame features. For temporal modeling in EgoACO, we design a recurrent version of class activation pooling termed Long Short-Term Attention (LSTA). LSTA extends convolutional gated LSTM with built-in spatial attention and a re-designed output gate. Action, object and context descriptors are fused by a multi-head prediction that accounts for the inter-dependencies between noun-verb-action structured labels in egocentric video datasets. EgoACO features built-in visual explanations, helping learning and interpretation. Results on the two largest egocentric action recognition datasets currently available, EPIC-KITCHENS and EGTEA, show that by explicitly decoding action-context-object descriptors, EgoACO achieves state-of-the-art recognition performance. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SEL2021 | Serial | 3656 | ||
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| Author | Fatemeh Noroozi; Ciprian Corneanu; Dorota Kamińska; Tomasz Sapiński; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | Survey on Emotional Body Gesture Recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing | Abbreviated Journal | TAC |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 505 - 523 |
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| Abstract | Automatic emotion recognition has become a trending research topic in the past decade. While works based on facial expressions or speech abound, recognizing affect from body gestures remains a less explored topic. We present a new comprehensive survey hoping to boost research in the field. We first introduce emotional body gestures as a component of what is commonly known as “body language” and comment general aspects as gender differences and culture dependence. We then define a complete framework for automatic emotional body gesture recognition. We introduce person detection and comment static and dynamic body pose estimation methods both in RGB and 3D. We then comment the recent literature related to representation learning and emotion recognition from images of emotionally expressive gestures. We also discuss multi-modal approaches that combine speech or face with body gestures for improved emotion recognition. While pre-processing methodologies (e.g. human detection and pose estimation) are nowadays mature technologies fully developed for robust large scale analysis, we show that for emotion recognition the quantity of labelled data is scarce, there is no agreement on clearly defined output spaces and the representations are shallow and largely based on naive geometrical representations. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ NCK2021 | Serial | 3657 | ||
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| Author | Kaustubh Kulkarni; Ciprian Corneanu; Ikechukwu Ofodile; Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Sylwia Hyniewska; Juri Allik; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | Automatic Recognition of Facial Displays of Unfelt Emotions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing | Abbreviated Journal | TAC |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 377 - 390 |
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| Abstract | Humans modify their facial expressions in order to communicate their internal states and sometimes to mislead observers regarding their true emotional states. Evidence in experimental psychology shows that discriminative facial responses are short and subtle. This suggests that such behavior would be easier to distinguish when captured in high resolution at an increased frame rate. We are proposing SASE-FE, the first dataset of facial expressions that are either congruent or incongruent with underlying emotion states. We show that overall the problem of recognizing whether facial movements are expressions of authentic emotions or not can be successfully addressed by learning spatio-temporal representations of the data. For this purpose, we propose a method that aggregates features along fiducial trajectories in a deeply learnt space. Performance of the proposed model shows that on average, it is easier to distinguish among genuine facial expressions of emotion than among unfelt facial expressions of emotion and that certain emotion pairs such as contempt and disgust are more difficult to distinguish than the rest. Furthermore, the proposed methodology improves state of the art results on CK+ and OULU-CASIA datasets for video emotion recognition, and achieves competitive results when classifying facial action units on BP4D datase. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ KCO2021 | Serial | 3658 | ||
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| Author | Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Real-time Isolated Hand Sign Language RecognitioN Using Deep Networks and SVD | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | Pages | 591–611 | |
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| Abstract | One of the challenges in computer vision models, especially sign language, is real-time recognition. In this work, we present a simple yet low-complex and efficient model, comprising single shot detector, 2D convolutional neural network, singular value decomposition (SVD), and long short term memory, to real-time isolated hand sign language recognition (IHSLR) from RGB video. We employ the SVD method as an efficient, compact, and discriminative feature extractor from the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinators. Despite the previous works that employ the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinates as raw features, we propose a novel and revolutionary way to apply the SVD to the estimated 3D hand keypoints coordinates to get more discriminative features. SVD method is also applied to the geometric relations between the consecutive segments of each finger in each hand and also the angles between these sections. We perform a detailed analysis of recognition time and accuracy. One of our contributions is that this is the first time that the SVD method is applied to the hand pose parameters. Results on four datasets, RKS-PERSIANSIGN (99.5±0.04), First-Person (91±0.06), ASVID (93±0.05), and isoGD (86.1±0.04), confirm the efficiency of our method in both accuracy (mean+std) and time recognition. Furthermore, our model outperforms or gets competitive results with the state-of-the-art alternatives in IHSLR and hand action recognition. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RKE2022a | Serial | 3660 | ||
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| Author | Ajian Liu; Zichang Tan; Jun Wan; Sergio Escalera; Guodong Guo; Stan Z. Li | ||||
| Title | CASIA-SURF CeFA: A Benchmark for Multi-modal Cross-Ethnicity Face Anti-Spoofing | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1178-1186 | ||
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| Abstract | The issue of ethnic bias has proven to affect the performance of face recognition in previous works, while it still remains to be vacant in face anti-spoofing. Therefore, in order to study the ethnic bias for face anti-spoofing, we introduce the largest CASIA-SURF Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing (CeFA) dataset, covering 3 ethnicities, 3 modalities, 1,607 subjects, and 2D plus 3D attack types. Five protocols are introduced to measure the affect under varied evaluation conditions, such as cross-ethnicity, unknown spoofs or both of them. As our knowledge, CASIA-SURF CeFA is the first dataset including explicit ethnic labels in current released datasets. Then, we propose a novel multi-modal fusion method as a strong baseline to alleviate the ethnic bias, which employs a partially shared fusion strategy to learn complementary information from multiple modalities. Extensive experiments have been conducted on the proposed dataset to verify its significance and generalization capability for other existing datasets, i.e., CASIA-SURF, OULU-NPU and SiW datasets. The dataset is available at https://sites.google.com/qq.com/face-anti-spoofing/welcome/challengecvpr2020?authuser=0. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; January 2021 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | WACV | ||
| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LTW2021 | Serial | 3661 | ||
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| Author | Ali Furkan Biten; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Let there be a clock on the beach: Reducing Object Hallucination in Image Captioning | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1381-1390 | ||
| Keywords | Measurement; Training; Visualization; Analytical models; Computer vision; Computational modeling; Training data | ||||
| Abstract | Explaining an image with missing or non-existent objects is known as object bias (hallucination) in image captioning. This behaviour is quite common in the state-of-the-art captioning models which is not desirable by humans. To decrease the object hallucination in captioning, we propose three simple yet efficient training augmentation method for sentences which requires no new training data or increase
in the model size. By extensive analysis, we show that the proposed methods can significantly diminish our models’ object bias on hallucination metrics. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate that our methods decrease the dependency on the visual features. All of our code, configuration files and model weights are available online. |
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| Address | Virtual; Waikoloa; Hawai; USA; January 2022 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | WACV | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.155; 302.105 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGK2022 | Serial | 3662 | ||
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| Author | Ali Furkan Biten; Andres Mafla; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Is An Image Worth Five Sentences? A New Look into Semantics for Image-Text Matching | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1391-1400 | ||
| Keywords | Measurement; Training; Integrated circuits; Annotations; Semantics; Training data; Semisupervised learning | ||||
| Abstract | The task of image-text matching aims to map representations from different modalities into a common joint visual-textual embedding. However, the most widely used datasets for this task, MSCOCO and Flickr30K, are actually image captioning datasets that offer a very limited set of relationships between images and sentences in their ground-truth annotations. This limited ground truth information forces us to use evaluation metrics based on binary relevance: given a sentence query we consider only one image as relevant. However, many other relevant images or captions may be present in the dataset. In this work, we propose two metrics that evaluate the degree of semantic relevance of retrieved items, independently of their annotated binary relevance. Additionally, we incorporate a novel strategy that uses an image captioning metric, CIDEr, to define a Semantic Adaptive Margin (SAM) to be optimized in a standard triplet loss. By incorporating our formulation to existing models, a large improvement is obtained in scenarios where available training data is limited. We also demonstrate that the performance on the annotated image-caption pairs is maintained while improving on other non-annotated relevant items when employing the full training set. The code for our new metric can be found at github. com/furkanbiten/ncsmetric and the model implementation at github. com/andrespmd/semanticadaptive_margin. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; Waikoloa; Hawai; USA; January 2022 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | WACV | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.155; 302.105; | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BMG2022 | Serial | 3663 | ||
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| Author | Diego Velazquez; Josep M. Gonfaus; Pau Rodriguez; Xavier Roca; Seiichi Ozawa; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | Logo Detection With No Priors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Access | Abbreviated Journal | ACCESS |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | Pages | 106998-107011 | |
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| Abstract | In recent years, top referred methods on object detection like R-CNN have implemented this task as a combination of proposal region generation and supervised classification on the proposed bounding boxes. Although this pipeline has achieved state-of-the-art results in multiple datasets, it has inherent limitations that make object detection a very complex and inefficient task in computational terms. Instead of considering this standard strategy, in this paper we enhance Detection Transformers (DETR) which tackles object detection as a set-prediction problem directly in an end-to-end fully differentiable pipeline without requiring priors. In particular, we incorporate Feature Pyramids (FP) to the DETR architecture and demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting DETR-FP approach on improving logo detection results thanks to the improved detection of small logos. So, without requiring any domain specific prior to be fed to the model, DETR-FP obtains competitive results on the OpenLogo and MS-COCO datasets offering a relative improvement of up to 30%, when compared to a Faster R-CNN baseline which strongly depends on hand-designed priors. | ||||
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| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ VGR2021 | Serial | 3664 | ||
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| Author | Diana Ramirez Cifuentes; Ana Freire; Ricardo Baeza Yates; Nadia Sanz Lamora; Aida Alvarez; Alexandre Gonzalez; Meritxell Lozano; Roger Llobet; Diego Velazquez; Josep M. Gonfaus; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | Characterization of Anorexia Nervosa on Social Media: Textual, Visual, Relational, Behavioral, and Demographical Analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal of Medical Internet Research | Abbreviated Journal | JMIR |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 7 | Pages | e25925 |
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| Abstract | Background: Eating disorders are psychological conditions characterized by unhealthy eating habits. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is defined as the belief of being overweight despite being dangerously underweight. The psychological signs involve emotional and behavioral issues. There is evidence that signs and symptoms can manifest on social media, wherein both harmful and beneficial content is shared daily. | ||||
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| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RFB2021 | Serial | 3665 | ||
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| Author | Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud | ||||
| Title | Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum: Challenges and Approaches | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 1-138 |
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| Abstract | Human visual perception is limited to the visual-optical spectrum. Machine vision is not. Cameras sensitive to the different infrared spectra can enhance the abilities of autonomous systems and visually perceive the environment in a holistic way. Relevant scene content can be made visible especially in situations, where sensors of other modalities face issues like a visual-optical camera that needs a source of illumination. As a consequence, not only human mistakes can be avoided by increasing the level of automation, but also machine-induced errors can be reduced that, for example, could make a self-driving car crash into a pedestrian under difficult illumination conditions. Furthermore, multi-spectral sensor systems with infrared imagery as one modality are a rich source of information and can provably increase the robustness of many autonomous systems. Applications that can benefit from utilizing infrared imagery range from robotics to automotive and from biometrics to surveillance. In this book, we provide a brief yet concise introduction to the current state-of-the-art of computer vision and machine learning in the infrared spectrum. Based on various popular computer vision tasks such as image enhancement, object detection, or object tracking, we first motivate each task starting from established literature in the visual-optical spectrum. Then, we discuss the differences between processing images and videos in the visual-optical spectrum and the various infrared spectra. An overview of the current literature is provided together with an outlook for each task. Furthermore, available and annotated public datasets and common evaluation methods and metrics are presented. In a separate chapter, popular applications that can greatly benefit from the use of infrared imagery as a data source are presented and discussed. Among them are automatic target recognition, video surveillance, or biometrics including face recognition. Finally, we conclude with recommendations for well-fitting sensor setups and data processing algorithms for certain computer vision tasks. We address this book to prospective researchers and engineers new to the field but also to anyone who wants to get introduced to the challenges and the approaches of computer vision using infrared images or videos. Readers will be able to start their work directly after reading the book supported by a highly comprehensive backlog of recent and relevant literature as well as related infrared datasets including existing evaluation frameworks. Together with consistently decreasing costs for infrared cameras, new fields of application appear and make computer vision in the infrared spectrum a great opportunity to face nowadays scientific and engineering challenges. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-1636392431 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | MSIAU | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ TSH2021 | Serial | 3666 | ||
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