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Xim Cerda-Company; Olivier Penacchio; Xavier Otazu |
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Title |
Chromatic Induction in Migraine |
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2021 |
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VISION |
Abbreviated Journal |
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5 |
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3 |
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37 |
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Keywords |
migraine; vision; colour; colour perception; chromatic induction; psychophysics |
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The human visual system is not a colorimeter. The perceived colour of a region does not only depend on its colour spectrum, but also on the colour spectra and geometric arrangement of neighbouring regions, a phenomenon called chromatic induction. Chromatic induction is thought to be driven by lateral interactions: the activity of a central neuron is modified by stimuli outside its classical receptive field through excitatory–inhibitory mechanisms. As there is growing evidence of an excitation/inhibition imbalance in migraine, we compared chromatic induction in migraine and control groups. As hypothesised, we found a difference in the strength of induction between the two groups, with stronger induction effects in migraine. On the other hand, given the increased prevalence of visual phenomena in migraine with aura, we also hypothesised that the difference between migraine and control would be more important in migraine with aura than in migraine without aura. Our experiments did not support this hypothesis. Taken together, our results suggest a link between excitation/inhibition imbalance and increased induction effects. |
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NEUROBIT; no proj |
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Admin @ si @ CPO2021 |
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3589 |
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Author |
David Berga; Xose R. Fernandez-Vidal; Xavier Otazu; V. Leboran; Xose M. Pardo |
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Title |
Psychophysical evaluation of individual low-level feature influences on visual attention |
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2019 |
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Vision Research |
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VR |
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154 |
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60-79 |
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Visual attention; Psychophysics; Saliency; Task; Context; Contrast; Center bias; Low-level; Synthetic; Dataset |
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In this study we provide the analysis of eye movement behavior elicited by low-level feature distinctiveness with a dataset of synthetically-generated image patterns. Design of visual stimuli was inspired by the ones used in previous psychophysical experiments, namely in free-viewing and visual searching tasks, to provide a total of 15 types of stimuli, divided according to the task and feature to be analyzed. Our interest is to analyze the influences of low-level feature contrast between a salient region and the rest of distractors, providing fixation localization characteristics and reaction time of landing inside the salient region. Eye-tracking data was collected from 34 participants during the viewing of a 230 images dataset. Results show that saliency is predominantly and distinctively influenced by: 1. feature type, 2. feature contrast, 3. temporality of fixations, 4. task difficulty and 5. center bias. This experimentation proposes a new psychophysical basis for saliency model evaluation using synthetic images. |
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NEUROBIT; 600.128; 600.120 |
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Admin @ si @ BFO2019a |
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3274 |
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David Berga; Xavier Otazu; Xose R. Fernandez-Vidal; Victor Leboran; Xose M. Pardo |
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Title |
Generating Synthetic Images for Visual Attention Modeling |
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2019 |
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Perception |
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PER |
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48 |
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99 |
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NEUROBIT; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BOF2019 |
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3309 |
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David Berga; C. Wloka; JK. Tsotsos |
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Title |
Modeling task influences for saccade sequence and visual relevance prediction |
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2019 |
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Journal of Vision |
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JV |
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19 |
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10 |
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106c-106c |
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Previous work from Wloka et al. (2017) presented the Selective Tuning Attentive Reference model Fixation Controller (STAR-FC), an active vision model for saccade prediction. Although the model is able to efficiently predict saccades during free-viewing, it is well known that stimulus and task instructions can strongly affect eye movement patterns (Yarbus, 1967). These factors are considered in previous Selective Tuning architectures (Tsotsos and Kruijne, 2014)(Tsotsos, Kotseruba and Wloka, 2016)(Rosenfeld, Biparva & Tsotsos 2017), proposing a way to combine bottom-up and top-down contributions to fixation and saccade programming. In particular, task priming has been shown to be crucial to the deployment of eye movements, involving interactions between brain areas related to goal-directed behavior, working and long-term memory in combination with stimulus-driven eye movement neuronal correlates. Initial theories and models of these influences include (Rao, Zelinsky, Hayhoe and Ballard, 2002)(Navalpakkam and Itti, 2005)(Huang and Pashler, 2007) and show distinct ways to process the task requirements in combination with bottom-up attention. In this study we extend the STAR-FC with novel computational definitions of Long-Term Memory, Visual Task Executive and a Task Relevance Map. With these modules we are able to use textual instructions in order to guide the model to attend to specific categories of objects and/or places in the scene. We have designed our memory model by processing a hierarchy of visual features learned from salient object detection datasets. The relationship between the executive task instructions and the memory representations has been specified using a tree of semantic similarities between the learned features and the object category labels. Results reveal that by using this model, the resulting relevance maps and predicted saccades have a higher probability to fall inside the salient regions depending on the distinct task instructions. |
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NEUROBIT; 600.128; 600.120 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BWT2019 |
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3308 |
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Hans Stadthagen-Gonzalez; M. Carmen Parafita; C. Alejandro Parraga; Markus F. Damian |
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Title |
Testing alternative theoretical accounts of code-switching: Insights from comparative judgments of adjective noun order |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
International journal of bilingualism: interdisciplinary studies of multilingual behaviour |
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IJB |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
200-220 |
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Objectives:
Spanish and English contrast in adjective–noun word order: for example, brown dress (English) vs. vestido marrón (‘dress brown’, Spanish). According to the Matrix Language model (MLF) word order in code-switched sentences must be compatible with the word order of the matrix language, but working within the minimalist program (MP), Cantone and MacSwan arrived at the descriptive generalization that the position of the noun phrase relative to the adjective is determined by the adjective’s language. Our aim is to evaluate the predictions derived from these two models regarding adjective–noun order in Spanish–English code-switched sentences.
Methodology:
We contrasted the predictions from both models regarding the acceptability of code-switched sentences with different adjective–noun orders that were compatible with the MP, the MLF, both, or none. Acceptability was assessed in Experiment 1 with a 5-point Likert and in Experiment 2 with a 2-Alternative Forced Choice (2AFC) task. |
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NEUROBIT; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SPP2019 |
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3242 |
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