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Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Ali Furkan Biten; Sounak Dey; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados |


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Title |
One-shot Compositional Data Generation for Low Resource Handwritten Text Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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Document Analysis |
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Low resource Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is a hard problem due to the scarce annotated data and the very limited linguistic information (dictionaries and language models). This appears, for example, in the case of historical ciphered manuscripts, which are usually written with invented alphabets to hide the content. Thus, in this paper we address this problem through a data generation technique based on Bayesian Program Learning (BPL). Contrary to traditional generation approaches, which require a huge amount of annotated images, our method is able to generate human-like handwriting using only one sample of each symbol from the desired alphabet. After generating symbols, we create synthetic lines to train state-of-the-art HTR architectures in a segmentation free fashion. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, achieving competitive results compared to the usage of real annotated data. |
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Virtual; January 2022 |
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WACV |
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DAG; 602.230; 600.140 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ SBD2022 |
Serial |
3615 |
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Author |
Jialuo Chen; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Alicia Fornes; Beata Megyesi |

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Title |
Unsupervised Alphabet Matching in Historical Encrypted Manuscript Images |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
4th International Conference on Historical Cryptology |
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34-37 |
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Historical ciphers contain a wide range ofsymbols from various symbol sets. Iden-tifying the cipher alphabet is a prerequi-site before decryption can take place andis a time-consuming process. In this workwe explore the use of image processing foridentifying the underlying alphabet in ci-pher images, and to compare alphabets be-tween ciphers. The experiments show thatciphers with similar alphabets can be suc-cessfully discovered through clustering. |
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Virtual; September 2021 |
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HistoCrypt |
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DAG; 602.230; 600.140; 600.121 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CSF2021 |
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3617 |
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Author |
Pau Torras; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes |

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Title |
A Transcription Is All You Need: Learning to Align through Attention |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
14th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition |
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12916 |
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141–146 |
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Historical ciphered manuscripts are a type of document where graphical symbols are used to encrypt their content instead of regular text. Nowadays, expert transcriptions can be found in libraries alongside the corresponding manuscript images. However, those transcriptions are not aligned, so these are barely usable for training deep learning-based recognition methods. To solve this issue, we propose a method to align each symbol in the transcript of an image with its visual representation by using an attention-based Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) model. The core idea is that, by learning to recognise symbols sequence within a cipher line image, the model also identifies their position implicitly through an attention mechanism. Thus, the resulting symbol segmentation can be later used for training algorithms. The experimental evaluation shows that this method is promising, especially taking into account the small size of the cipher dataset. |
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Virtual; September 2021 |
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GREC |
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DAG; 602.230; 600.140; 600.121 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TSC2021 |
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3619 |
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Author |
Joan Mas; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados |


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Title |
An Interactive Transcription System of Census Records using Word-Spotting based Information Transfer |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
12th IAPR Workshop on Document Analysis Systems |
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54-59 |
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This paper presents a system to assist in the transcription of historical handwritten census records in a crowdsourcing platform. Census records have a tabular structured layout. They consist in a sequence of rows with information of homes ordered by street address. For each household snippet in the page, the list of family members is reported. The censuses are recorded in intervals of a few years and the information of individuals in each household is quite stable from a point in time to the next one. This redundancy is used to assist the transcriber, so the redundant information is transferred from the census already transcribed to the next one. Household records are aligned from one year to the next one using the knowledge of the ordering by street address. Given an already transcribed census, a query by string word spotting is applied. Thus, names from the census in time t are used as queries in the corresponding home record in time t+1. Since the search is constrained, the obtained precision-recall values are very high, with an important reduction in the transcription time. The proposed system has been tested in a real citizen-science experience where non expert users transcribe the census data of their home town. |
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Santorini; Greece; April 2016 |
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DAS |
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Notes  |
DAG; 603.053; 602.006; 600.061; 600.077; 600.097 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MFL2016 |
Serial |
2751 |
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Author |
Francisco Alvaro; Francisco Cruz; Joan Andreu Sanchez; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Jose Miguel Bemedi |


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Title |
Page Segmentation of Structured Documents Using 2D Stochastic Context-Free Grammars |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
6th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
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7887 |
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133-140 |
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In this paper we define a bidimensional extension of Stochastic Context-Free Grammars for page segmentation of structured documents. Two sets of text classification features are used to perform an initial classification of each zone of the page. Then, the page segmentation is obtained as the most likely hypothesis according to a grammar. This approach is compared to Conditional Random Fields and results show significant improvements in several cases. Furthermore, grammars provide a detailed segmentation that allowed a semantic evaluation which also validates this model. |
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Madeira; Portugal; June 2013 |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-642-38627-5 |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes  |
DAG; 605.203 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ACS2013 |
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2328 |
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Author |
Josep Brugues Pujolras; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |


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Title |
A Multilingual Approach to Scene Text Visual Question Answering |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Document Analysis Systems.15th IAPR International Workshop, (DAS2022) |
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65-79 |
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Scene text; Visual question answering; Multilingual word embeddings; Vision and language; Deep learning |
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Scene Text Visual Question Answering (ST-VQA) has recently emerged as a hot research topic in Computer Vision. Current ST-VQA models have a big potential for many types of applications but lack the ability to perform well on more than one language at a time due to the lack of multilingual data, as well as the use of monolingual word embeddings for training. In this work, we explore the possibility to obtain bilingual and multilingual VQA models. In that regard, we use an already established VQA model that uses monolingual word embeddings as part of its pipeline and substitute them by FastText and BPEmb multilingual word embeddings that have been aligned to English. Our experiments demonstrate that it is possible to obtain bilingual and multilingual VQA models with a minimal loss in performance in languages not used during training, as well as a multilingual model trained in multiple languages that match the performance of the respective monolingual baselines. |
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La Rochelle, France; May 22–25, 2022 |
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DAS |
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Notes  |
DAG; 611.004; 600.155; 601.002 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ BGK2022b |
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3695 |
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Author |
David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |


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Title |
Integrating Visual and Textual Cues for Query-by-String Word Spotting |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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511 - 515 |
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In this paper, we present a word spotting framework that follows the query-by-string paradigm where word images are represented both by textual and visual representations. The textual representation is formulated in terms of character $n$-grams while the visual one is based on the bag-of-visual-words scheme. These two representations are merged together and projected to a sub-vector space. This transform allows to, given a textual query, retrieve word instances that were only represented by the visual modality. Moreover, this statistical representation can be used together with state-of-the-art indexation structures in order to deal with large-scale scenarios. The proposed method is evaluated using a collection of historical documents outperforming state-of-the-art performances. |
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Washington; USA; August 2013 |
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1520-5363 |
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ICDAR |
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Notes  |
DAG; ADAS; 600.045; 600.055; 600.061 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ART2013 |
Serial |
2224 |
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Author |
Lluis Pere de las Heras; David Fernandez; Alicia Fornes; Ernest Valveny; Gemma Sanchez; Josep Llados |


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Title |
Runlength Histogram Image Signature for Perceptual Retrieval of Architectural Floor Plans |
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Book Chapter |
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2014 |
Publication |
Graphics Recognition. Current Trends and Challenges |
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8746 |
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135-146 |
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Graphics recognition; Graphics retrieval; Image classification |
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This paper proposes a runlength histogram signature as a perceptual descriptor of architectural plans in a retrieval scenario. The style of an architectural drawing is characterized by the perception of lines, shapes and texture. Such visual stimuli are the basis for defining semantic concepts as space properties, symmetry, density, etc. We propose runlength histograms extracted in vertical, horizontal and diagonal directions as a characterization of line and space properties in floorplans, so it can be roughly associated to a description of walls and room structure. A retrieval application illustrates the performance of the proposed approach, where given a plan as a query, similar ones are obtained from a database. A ground truth based on human observation has been constructed to validate the hypothesis. Additional retrieval results on sketched building’s facades are reported qualitatively in this paper. Its good description and its adaptability to two different sketch drawings despite its simplicity shows the interest of the proposed approach and opens a challenging research line in graphics recognition. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0302-9743 |
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978-3-662-44853-3 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.045; 600.056; 600.061; 600.076; 600.077 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ HFF2014 |
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2536 |
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Author |
David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados |

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Title |
A Study of Bag-of-Visual-Words Representations for Handwritten Keyword Spotting |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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18 |
Issue |
3 |
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223-234 |
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Bag-of-Visual-Words; Keyword spotting; Handwritten documents; Performance evaluation |
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The Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) framework has gained popularity among the document image analysis community, specifically as a representation of handwritten words for recognition or spotting purposes. Although in the computer vision field the BoVW method has been greatly improved, most of the approaches in the document image analysis domain still rely on the basic implementation of the BoVW method disregarding such latest refinements. In this paper, we present a review of those improvements and its application to the keyword spotting task. We thoroughly evaluate their impact against a baseline system in the well-known George Washington dataset and compare the obtained results against nine state-of-the-art keyword spotting methods. In addition, we also compare both the baseline and improved systems with the methods presented at the Handwritten Keyword Spotting Competition 2014. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.055; 600.061; 601.223; 600.077; 600.097 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ART2015 |
Serial |
2679 |
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Author |
Lluis Pere de las Heras; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Sergi Robles; Gemma Sanchez |

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Title |
CVC-FP and SGT: a new database for structural floor plan analysis and its groundtruthing tool |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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18 |
Issue |
1 |
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15-30 |
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Recent results on structured learning methods have shown the impact of structural information in a wide range of pattern recognition tasks. In the field of document image analysis, there is a long experience on structural methods for the analysis and information extraction of multiple types of documents. Yet, the lack of conveniently annotated and free access databases has not benefited the progress in some areas such as technical drawing understanding. In this paper, we present a floor plan database, named CVC-FP, that is annotated for the architectural objects and their structural relations. To construct this database, we have implemented a groundtruthing tool, the SGT tool, that allows to make specific this sort of information in a natural manner. This tool has been made for general purpose groundtruthing: It allows to define own object classes and properties, multiple labeling options are possible, grants the cooperative work, and provides user and version control. We finally have collected some of the recent work on floor plan interpretation and present a quantitative benchmark for this database. Both CVC-FP database and the SGT tool are freely released to the research community to ease comparisons between methods and boost reproducible research. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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1433-2833 |
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DAG; ADAS; 600.061; 600.076; 600.077 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ HRR2015 |
Serial |
2567 |
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