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Author Volkmar Frinken; Andreas Fischer; Markus Baumgartner; Horst Bunke edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Keyword spotting for self-training of BLSTM NN based handwriting recognition systems Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 47 Issue (down) 3 Pages 1073-1082  
  Keywords Document retrieval; Keyword spotting; Handwriting recognition; Neural networks; Semi-supervised learning  
  Abstract The automatic transcription of unconstrained continuous handwritten text requires well trained recognition systems. The semi-supervised paradigm introduces the concept of not only using labeled data but also unlabeled data in the learning process. Unlabeled data can be gathered at little or not cost. Hence it has the potential to reduce the need for labeling training data, a tedious and costly process. Given a weak initial recognizer trained on labeled data, self-training can be used to recognize unlabeled data and add words that were recognized with high confidence to the training set for re-training. This process is not trivial and requires great care as far as selecting the elements that are to be added to the training set is concerned. In this paper, we propose to use a bidirectional long short-term memory neural network handwritten recognition system for keyword spotting in order to select new elements. A set of experiments shows the high potential of self-training for bootstrapping handwriting recognition systems, both for modern and historical handwritings, and demonstrate the benefits of using keyword spotting over previously published self-training schemes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.077; 602.101 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FFB2014 Serial 2297  
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Author Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Horst Bunke edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Embedding of Graphs with Discrete Attributes Via Label Frequencies Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal IJPRAI  
  Volume 27 Issue (down) 3 Pages 1360002-1360029  
  Keywords Discrete attributed graphs; graph embedding; graph classification  
  Abstract Graph-based representations of patterns are very flexible and powerful, but they are not easily processed due to the lack of learning algorithms in the domain of graphs. Embedding a graph into a vector space solves this problem since graphs are turned into feature vectors and thus all the statistical learning machinery becomes available for graph input patterns. In this work we present a new way of embedding discrete attributed graphs into vector spaces using node and edge label frequencies. The methodology is experimentally tested on graph classification problems, using patterns of different nature, and it is shown to be competitive to state-of-the-art classification algorithms for graphs, while being computationally much more efficient.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GVB2013 Serial 2305  
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Author Ernest Valveny; Robert Benavente; Agata Lapedriza; Miquel Ferrer; Jaume Garcia; Gemma Sanchez edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Adaptation of a computer programming course to the EXHE requirements: evaluation five years later Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2012 Publication European Journal of Engineering Education Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 37 Issue (down) 3 Pages 243-254  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; CIC; OR; invisible;MV Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VBL2012 Serial 2070  
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Author Anjan Dutta; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title A symbol spotting approach in graphical documents by hashing serialized graphs Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 46 Issue (down) 3 Pages 752-768  
  Keywords Symbol spotting; Graphics recognition; Graph matching; Graph serialization; Graph factorization; Graph paths; Hashing  
  Abstract In this paper we propose a symbol spotting technique in graphical documents. Graphs are used to represent the documents and a (sub)graph matching technique is used to detect the symbols in them. We propose a graph serialization to reduce the usual computational complexity of graph matching. Serialization of graphs is performed by computing acyclic graph paths between each pair of connected nodes. Graph paths are one-dimensional structures of graphs which are less expensive in terms of computation. At the same time they enable robust localization even in the presence of noise and distortion. Indexing in large graph databases involves a computational burden as well. We propose a graph factorization approach to tackle this problem. Factorization is intended to create a unified indexed structure over the database of graphical documents. Once graph paths are extracted, the entire database of graphical documents is indexed in hash tables by locality sensitive hashing (LSH) of shape descriptors of the paths. The hashing data structure aims to execute an approximate k-NN search in a sub-linear time. We have performed detailed experiments with various datasets of line drawings and compared our method with the state-of-the-art works. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our technique.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-3203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.042; 600.045; 605.203; 601.152 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DLP2012 Serial 2127  
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Author Alicia Fornes; Anjan Dutta; Albert Gordo; Josep Llados edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title CVC-MUSCIMA: A Ground-Truth of Handwritten Music Score Images for Writer Identification and Staff Removal Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 15 Issue (down) 3 Pages 243-251  
  Keywords Music scores; Handwritten documents; Writer identification; Staff removal; Performance evaluation; Graphics recognition; Ground truths  
  Abstract 0,405JCR
The analysis of music scores has been an active research field in the last decades. However, there are no publicly available databases of handwritten music scores for the research community. In this paper we present the CVC-MUSCIMA database and ground-truth of handwritten music score images. The dataset consists of 1,000 music sheets written by 50 different musicians. It has been especially designed for writer identification and staff removal tasks. In addition to the description of the dataset, ground-truth, partitioning and evaluation metrics, we also provide some base-line results for easing the comparison between different approaches.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-2833 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FDG2012 Serial 2129  
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Author Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Text line extraction in graphical documents using background and foreground Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 15 Issue (down) 3 Pages 227-241  
  Keywords  
  Abstract 0,405 JCR
In graphical documents (e.g., maps, engineering drawings), artistic documents etc., the text lines are annotated in multiple orientations or curvilinear way to illustrate different locations or symbols. For the optical character recognition of such documents, individual text lines from the documents need to be extracted. In this paper, we propose a novel method to segment such text lines and the method is based on the foreground and background information of the text components. To effectively utilize the background information, a water reservoir concept is used here. In the proposed scheme, at first, individual components are detected and grouped into character clusters in a hierarchical way using size and positional information. Next, the clusters are extended in two extreme sides to determine potential candidate regions. Finally, with the help of these candidate regions,
individual lines are extracted. The experimental results are presented on different datasets of graphical documents, camera-based warped documents, noisy images containing seals, etc. The results demonstrate that our approach is robust and invariant to size and orientation of the text lines present in
the document.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-2833 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RPL2012b Serial 2134  
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Author Antonio Clavelli; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Josep Llados; Mario Ferraro; Giuseppe Boccignone edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Modelling task-dependent eye guidance to objects in pictures Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Cognitive Computation Abbreviated Journal CoCom  
  Volume 6 Issue (down) 3 Pages 558-584  
  Keywords Visual attention; Gaze guidance; Value; Payoff; Stochastic fixation prediction  
  Abstract 5Y Impact Factor: 1.14 / 3rd (Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence)
We introduce a model of attentional eye guidance based on the rationale that the deployment of gaze is to be considered in the context of a general action-perception loop relying on two strictly intertwined processes: sensory processing, depending on current gaze position, identifies sources of information that are most valuable under the given task; motor processing links such information with the oculomotor act by sampling the next gaze position and thus performing the gaze shift. In such a framework, the choice of where to look next is task-dependent and oriented to classes of objects embedded within pictures of complex scenes. The dependence on task is taken into account by exploiting the value and the payoff of gazing at certain image patches or proto-objects that provide a sparse representation of the scene objects. The different levels of the action-perception loop are represented in probabilistic form and eventually give rise to a stochastic process that generates the gaze sequence. This way the model also accounts for statistical properties of gaze shifts such as individual scan path variability. Results of the simulations are compared either with experimental data derived from publicly available datasets and from our own experiments.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer US Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1866-9956 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.056; 600.045; 605.203; 601.212; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CKL2014 Serial 2419  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author David Fernandez; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes edit  doi
openurl 
  Title A graph-based approach for segmenting touching lines in historical handwritten documents Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 17 Issue (down) 3 Pages 293-312  
  Keywords Text line segmentation; Handwritten documents; Document image processing; Historical document analysis  
  Abstract Text line segmentation in handwritten documents is an important task in the recognition of historical documents. Handwritten document images contain text lines with multiple orientations, touching and overlapping characters between consecutive text lines and different document structures, making line segmentation a difficult task. In this paper, we present a new approach for handwritten text line segmentation solving the problems of touching components, curvilinear text lines and horizontally overlapping components. The proposed algorithm formulates line segmentation as finding the central path in the area between two consecutive lines. This is solved as a graph traversal problem. A graph is constructed using the skeleton of the image. Then, a path-finding algorithm is used to find the optimum path between text lines. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated on a comprehensive dataset consisting of five databases: ICDAR2009, ICDAR2013, UMD, the George Washington and the Barcelona Marriages Database. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art considering the different types and difficulties of the benchmarking data.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-2833 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.056; 600.061; 602.006; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ FLF2014 Serial 2459  
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Author Christophe Rigaud; Clement Guerin; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Jean-Christophe Burie; Jean-Marc Ogier edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Knowledge-driven understanding of images in comic books Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 18 Issue (down) 3 Pages 199-221  
  Keywords Document Understanding; comics analysis; expert system  
  Abstract Document analysis is an active field of research, which can attain a complete understanding of the semantics of a given document. One example of the document understanding process is enabling a computer to identify the key elements of a comic book story and arrange them according to a predefined domain knowledge. In this study, we propose a knowledge-driven system that can interact with bottom-up and top-down information to progressively understand the content of a document. We model the comic book’s and the image processing domains knowledge for information consistency analysis. In addition, different image processing methods are improved or developed to extract panels, balloons, tails, texts, comic characters and their semantic relations in an unsupervised way.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-2833 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.056; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number RGK2015 Serial 2595  
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Author David Aldavert; Marçal Rusiñol; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados edit  doi
openurl 
  Title A Study of Bag-of-Visual-Words Representations for Handwritten Keyword Spotting Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 18 Issue (down) 3 Pages 223-234  
  Keywords Bag-of-Visual-Words; Keyword spotting; Handwritten documents; Performance evaluation  
  Abstract The Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) framework has gained popularity among the document image analysis community, specifically as a representation of handwritten words for recognition or spotting purposes. Although in the computer vision field the BoVW method has been greatly improved, most of the approaches in the document image analysis domain still rely on the basic implementation of the BoVW method disregarding such latest refinements. In this paper, we present a review of those improvements and its application to the keyword spotting task. We thoroughly evaluate their impact against a baseline system in the well-known George Washington dataset and compare the obtained results against nine state-of-the-art keyword spotting methods. In addition, we also compare both the baseline and improved systems with the methods presented at the Handwritten Keyword Spotting Competition 2014.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1433-2833 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; ADAS; 600.055; 600.061; 601.223; 600.077; 600.097 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ART2015 Serial 2679  
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