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Author Salvatore Tabbone; Oriol Ramos Terrades edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title An Overview of Symbol Recognition Type Book Chapter
  Year 2014 Publication Handbook of Document Image Processing and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume D Issue Pages 523-551  
  Keywords Pattern recognition; Shape descriptors; Structural descriptors; Symbolrecognition; Symbol spotting  
  Abstract According to the Cambridge Dictionaries Online, a symbol is a sign, shape, or object that is used to represent something else. Symbol recognition is a subfield of general pattern recognition problems that focuses on identifying, detecting, and recognizing symbols in technical drawings, maps, or miscellaneous documents such as logos and musical scores. This chapter aims at providing the reader an overview of the different existing ways of describing and recognizing symbols and how the field has evolved to attain a certain degree of maturity.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer London Place of Publication Editor D. Doermann; K. Tombre  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-85729-858-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TaT2014 Serial 2489  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Marçal Rusiñol; R.Roset; Josep Llados; C.Montaner edit  openurl
  Title Automatic Index Generation of Digitized Map Series by Coordinate Extraction and Interpretation Type Journal
  Year 2011 Publication e-Perimetron Abbreviated Journal ePER  
  Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 219-229  
  Keywords  
  Abstract By means of computer vision algorithms scanned images of maps are processed in order to extract relevant geographic information from printed coordinate pairs. The meaningful information is then transformed into georeferencing information for each single map sheet, and the complete set is compiled to produce a graphical index sheet for the map series along with relevant metadata. The whole process is fully automated and trained to attain maximum effectivity and throughput.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RRL2011a Serial 1765  
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Author Sergio Escalera; Alicia Fornes; Oriol Pujol; Josep Llados; Petia Radeva edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Circular Blurred Shape Model for Multiclass Symbol Recognition Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (Part B) (IEEE) Abbreviated Journal TSMCB  
  Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 497-506  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper, we propose a circular blurred shape model descriptor to deal with the problem of symbol detection and classification as a particular case of object recognition. The feature extraction is performed by capturing the spatial arrangement of significant object characteristics in a correlogram structure. The shape information from objects is shared among correlogram regions, where a prior blurring degree defines the level of distortion allowed in the symbol, making the descriptor tolerant to irregular deformations. Moreover, the descriptor is rotation invariant by definition. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed descriptor in both the multiclass symbol recognition and symbol detection domains. In order to perform the symbol detection, the descriptors are learned using a cascade of classifiers. In the case of multiclass categorization, the new feature space is learned using a set of binary classifiers which are embedded in an error-correcting output code design. The results over four symbol data sets show the significant improvements of the proposed descriptor compared to the state-of-the-art descriptors. In particular, the results are even more significant in those cases where the symbols suffer from elastic deformations.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1083-4419 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes MILAB; DAG;HuPBA Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ EFP2011 Serial 1784  
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Author Palaiahnakote Shivakumara; Anjan Dutta; Chew Lim Tan; Umapada Pal edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Multi-oriented scene text detection in video based on wavelet and angle projection boundary growing Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Multimedia Tools and Applications Abbreviated Journal MTAP  
  Volume 72 Issue 1 Pages 515-539  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper, we address two complex issues: 1) Text frame classification and 2) Multi-oriented text detection in video text frame. We first divide a video frame into 16 blocks and propose a combination of wavelet and median-moments with k-means clustering at the block level to identify probable text blocks. For each probable text block, the method applies the same combination of feature with k-means clustering over a sliding window running through the blocks to identify potential text candidates. We introduce a new idea of symmetry on text candidates in each block based on the observation that pixel distribution in text exhibits a symmetric pattern. The method integrates all blocks containing text candidates in the frame and then all text candidates are mapped on to a Sobel edge map of the original frame to obtain text representatives. To tackle the multi-orientation problem, we present a new method called Angle Projection Boundary Growing (APBG) which is an iterative algorithm and works based on a nearest neighbor concept. APBG is then applied on the text representatives to fix the bounding box for multi-oriented text lines in the video frame. Directional information is used to eliminate false positives. Experimental results on a variety of datasets such as non-horizontal, horizontal, publicly available data (Hua’s data) and ICDAR-03 competition data (camera images) show that the proposed method outperforms existing methods proposed for video and the state of the art methods for scene text as well.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer US Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1380-7501 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG; 600.077 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ SDT2014 Serial 2357  
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Author Kaida Xiao; Chenyang Fu; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Sophie Wuerger edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Visual Gamma Correction for LCD Displays Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Displays Abbreviated Journal DIS  
  Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 17-23  
  Keywords Display calibration; Psychophysics ; Perceptual; Visual gamma correction; Luminance matching; Observer-based calibration  
  Abstract An improved method for visual gamma correction is developed for LCD displays to increase the accuracy of digital colour reproduction. Rather than utilising a photometric measurement device, we use observ- ers’ visual luminance judgements for gamma correction. Eight half tone patterns were designed to gen- erate relative luminances from 1/9 to 8/9 for each colour channel. A psychophysical experiment was conducted on an LCD display to find the digital signals corresponding to each relative luminance by visually matching the half-tone background to a uniform colour patch. Both inter- and intra-observer vari- ability for the eight luminance matches in each channel were assessed and the luminance matches proved to be consistent across observers (DE00 < 3.5) and repeatable (DE00 < 2.2). Based on the individual observer judgements, the display opto-electronic transfer function (OETF) was estimated by using either a 3rd order polynomial regression or linear interpolation for each colour channel. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by predicting the CIE tristimulus values of a set of coloured patches (using the observer-based OETFs) and comparing them to the expected CIE tristimulus values (using the OETF obtained from spectro-radiometric luminance measurements). The resulting colour differences range from 2 to 4.6 DE00. We conclude that this observer-based method of visual gamma correction is useful to estimate the OETF for LCD displays. Its major advantage is that no particular functional relationship between digital inputs and luminance outputs has to be assumed.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ XFK2011 Serial 1815  
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Author Kaida Xiao; Sophie Wuerger; Chenyang Fu; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Unique Hue Data for Colour Appearance Models. Part i: Loci of Unique Hues and Hue Uniformity Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Color Research & Application Abbreviated Journal CRA  
  Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 316-323  
  Keywords unique hues; colour appearance models; CIECAM02; hue uniformity  
  Abstract Psychophysical experiments were conducted to assess unique hues on a CRT display for a large sample of colour-normal observers (n 1⁄4 185). These data were then used to evaluate the most commonly used colour appear- ance model, CIECAM02, by transforming the CIEXYZ tris- timulus values of the unique hues to the CIECAM02 colour appearance attributes, lightness, chroma and hue angle. We report two findings: (1) the hue angles derived from our unique hue data are inconsistent with the commonly used Natural Color System hues that are incorporated in the CIECAM02 model. We argue that our predicted unique hue angles (derived from our large dataset) provide a more reliable standard for colour management applications when the precise specification of these salient colours is im- portant. (2) We test hue uniformity for CIECAM02 in all four unique hues and show significant disagreements for all hues, except for unique red which seems to be invariant under lightness changes. Our dataset is useful to improve the CIECAM02 model as it provides reliable data for benchmarking.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Wiley Periodicals Inc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ XWF2011 Serial 1816  
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Author Chenyang Fu; Kaida Xiao; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Sophie Wuerger edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Investigation of Unique Hue Setting Changes with Ageing Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Chinese Optics Letters Abbreviated Journal COL  
  Volume 9 Issue 5 Pages 053301-1-5  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Clromatic sensitivity along the protan, deutan, and tritan lines and the loci of the unique hues (red, green, yellow, blue) for a very large sample (n = 185) of colour-normal observers ranging from 18 to 75 years of age are assessed. Visual judgments are obtained under normal viewing conditions using colour patches on self-luminous display under controlled adaptation conditions. Trivector discrimination thresholds show an increase as a function of age along the protan, deutan, and tritan axes, with the largest increase present along the tritan line, less pronounced shifts in unique hue settings are also observed. Based on the chromatic (protan, deutan, tritan) thresholds and using scaled cone signals, we predict the unique hue changes with ageing. A dependency on age for unique red and unique yellow for predicted hue angle is found. We conclude that the chromatic sensitivity deteriorates significantly with age, whereas the appearance of unique hues is much less affected, remaining almost constant despite the known changes in the ocular media.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ XFW2011 Serial 1818  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lluis Pere de las Heras; Joan Mas; Gemma Sanchez; Ernest Valveny edit  openurl
  Title Descriptor-based Svm Wall Detector Type Conference Article
  Year 2011 Publication 9th International Workshop on Graphic Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Architectural floorplans exhibit a large variability in notation. Therefore, segmenting and identifying the elements of any kind of plan becomes a challenging task for approaches based on grouping structural primitives obtained by vectorization. Recently, a patch-based segmentation method working at pixel level and relying on the construction of a visual vocabulary has been proposed showing its adaptability to different notations by automatically learning the visual appearance of the elements in each different notation. In this paper we describe an evolution of this new approach in two directions: firstly we evaluate different features to obtain the description of every patch. Secondly, we train an SVM classifier to obtain the category of every patch instead of constructing a visual vocabulary. These modifications of the method have been tested for wall detection on two datasets of architectural floorplans with different notations and compared with the results obtained with the original approach.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference GREC  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ HMS2011b Serial 1819  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Document Seal Detection Using Ght and Character Proximity Graphs Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 44 Issue 6 Pages 1282-1295  
  Keywords Seal recognition; Graphical symbol spotting; Generalized Hough transform; Multi-oriented character recognition  
  Abstract This paper deals with automatic detection of seal (stamp) from documents with cluttered background. Seal detection involves a difficult challenge due to its multi-oriented nature, arbitrary shape, overlapping of its part with signature, noise, etc. Here, a seal object is characterized by scale and rotation invariant spatial feature descriptors computed from recognition result of individual connected components (characters). Scale and rotation invariant features are used in a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to recognize multi-scale and multi-oriented text characters. The concept of generalized Hough transform (GHT) is used to detect the seal and a voting scheme is designed for finding possible location of the seal in a document based on the spatial feature descriptor of neighboring component pairs. The peak of votes in GHT accumulator validates the hypothesis to locate the seal in a document. Experiment is performed in an archive of historical documents of handwritten/printed English text. Experimental results show that the method is robust in locating seal instances of arbitrary shape and orientation in documents, and also efficient in indexing a collection of documents for retrieval purposes.  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RPL2011 Serial 1820  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kaida Xiao; Chenyang Fu; D.Mylonas; Dimosthenis Karatzas; S. Wuerger edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title Unique Hue Data for Colour Appearance Models. Part ii: Chromatic Adaptation Transform Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Color Research & Application Abbreviated Journal CRA  
  Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 22-29  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Unique hue settings of 185 observers under three room-lighting conditions were used to evaluate the accuracy of full and mixed chromatic adaptation transform models of CIECAM02 in terms of unique hue reproduction. Perceptual hue shifts in CIECAM02 were evaluated for both models with no clear difference using the current Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) recommendation for mixed chromatic adaptation ratio. Using our large dataset of unique hue data as a benchmark, an optimised parameter is proposed for chromatic adaptation under mixed illumination conditions that produces more accurate results in unique hue reproduction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2013  
  Address (up)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ XFM2013 Serial 1822  
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