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Author Anjan Dutta; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Hierarchical Stochastic Graphlet Embedding for Graph-based Pattern Recognition Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Neural Computing and Applications Abbreviated Journal NEUCOMA  
  Volume 32 Issue Pages 11579–11596  
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  Abstract Despite being very successful within the pattern recognition and machine learning community, graph-based methods are often unusable because of the lack of mathematical operations defined in graph domain. Graph embedding, which maps graphs to a vectorial space, has been proposed as a way to tackle these difficulties enabling the use of standard machine learning techniques. However, it is well known that graph embedding functions usually suffer from the loss of structural information. In this paper, we consider the hierarchical structure of a graph as a way to mitigate this loss of information. The hierarchical structure is constructed by topologically clustering the graph nodes and considering each cluster as a node in the upper hierarchical level. Once this hierarchical structure is constructed, we consider several configurations to define the mapping into a vector space given a classical graph embedding, in particular, we propose to make use of the stochastic graphlet embedding (SGE). Broadly speaking, SGE produces a distribution of uniformly sampled low-to-high-order graphlets as a way to embed graphs into the vector space. In what follows, the coarse-to-fine structure of a graph hierarchy and the statistics fetched by the SGE complements each other and includes important structural information with varied contexts. Altogether, these two techniques substantially cope with the usual information loss involved in graph embedding techniques, obtaining a more robust graph representation. This fact has been corroborated through a detailed experimental evaluation on various benchmark graph datasets, where we outperform the state-of-the-art methods.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.140; 600.121; 600.141 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DRL2020 Serial 3348  
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Author Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes edit  url
openurl 
  Title Hierarchical graphs for coarse-to-fine error tolerant matching Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 134 Issue Pages 116-124  
  Keywords Hierarchical graph representation; Coarse-to-fine graph matching; Graph-based retrieval  
  Abstract During the last years, graph-based representations are experiencing a growing usage in visual recognition and retrieval due to their ability to capture both structural and appearance-based information. Thus, they provide a greater representational power than classical statistical frameworks. However, graph-based representations leads to high computational complexities usually dealt by graph embeddings or approximated matching techniques. Despite their representational power, they are very sensitive to noise and small variations of the input image. With the aim to cope with the time complexity and the variability present in the generated graphs, in this paper we propose to construct a novel hierarchical graph representation. Graph clustering techniques adapted from social media analysis have been used in order to contract a graph at different abstraction levels while keeping information about the topology. Abstract nodes attributes summarise information about the contracted graph partition. For the proposed representations, a coarse-to-fine matching technique is defined. Hence, small graphs are used as a filtering before more accurate matching methods are applied. This approach has been validated in real scenarios such as classification of colour images or retrieval of handwritten words (i.e. word spotting).  
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  Notes DAG; 600.097; 601.302; 603.057; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RLF2020 Serial 3349  
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Author Manuel Carbonell; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas; Josep Llados edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title A Neural Model for Text Localization, Transcription and Named Entity Recognition in Full Pages Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 136 Issue Pages 219-227  
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  Abstract In the last years, the consolidation of deep neural network architectures for information extraction in document images has brought big improvements in the performance of each of the tasks involved in this process, consisting of text localization, transcription, and named entity recognition. However, this process is traditionally performed with separate methods for each task. In this work we propose an end-to-end model that combines a one stage object detection network with branches for the recognition of text and named entities respectively in a way that shared features can be learned simultaneously from the training error of each of the tasks. By doing so the model jointly performs handwritten text detection, transcription, and named entity recognition at page level with a single feed forward step. We exhaustively evaluate our approach on different datasets, discussing its advantages and limitations compared to sequential approaches. The results show that the model is capable of benefiting from shared features by simultaneously solving interdependent tasks.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.140; 601.311; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ CFV2020 Serial 3451  
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Author B. Gautam; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora; Miquel Valls-Figols edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Knowledge graph based methods for record linkage Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2020 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 136 Issue Pages 127-133  
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  Abstract Nowadays, it is common in Historical Demography the use of individual-level data as a consequence of a predominant life-course approach for the understanding of the demographic behaviour, family transition, mobility, etc. Advanced record linkage is key since it allows increasing the data complexity and its volume to be analyzed. However, current methods are constrained to link data from the same kind of sources. Knowledge graph are flexible semantic representations, which allow to encode data variability and semantic relations in a structured manner.

In this paper we propose the use of knowledge graph methods to tackle record linkage tasks. The proposed method, named WERL, takes advantage of the main knowledge graph properties and learns embedding vectors to encode census information. These embeddings are properly weighted to maximize the record linkage performance. We have evaluated this method on benchmark data sets and we have compared it to related methods with stimulating and satisfactory results.
 
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  Notes DAG; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GRP2020 Serial 3453  
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Author Juan Ignacio Toledo; Manuel Carbonell; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados edit  url
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  Title Information Extraction from Historical Handwritten Document Images with a Context-aware Neural Model Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2019 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 86 Issue Pages 27-36  
  Keywords Document image analysis; Handwritten documents; Named entity recognition; Deep neural networks  
  Abstract Many historical manuscripts that hold trustworthy memories of the past societies contain information organized in a structured layout (e.g. census, birth or marriage records). The precious information stored in these documents cannot be effectively used nor accessed without costly annotation efforts. The transcription driven by the semantic categories of words is crucial for the subsequent access. In this paper we describe an approach to extract information from structured historical handwritten text images and build a knowledge representation for the extraction of meaning out of historical data. The method extracts information, such as named entities, without the need of an intermediate transcription step, thanks to the incorporation of context information through language models. Our system has two variants, the first one is based on bigrams, whereas the second one is based on recurrent neural networks. Concretely, our second architecture integrates a Convolutional Neural Network to model visual information from word images together with a Bidirecitonal Long Short Term Memory network to model the relation among the words. This integrated sequential approach is able to extract more information than just the semantic category (e.g. a semantic category can be associated to a person in a record). Our system is generic, it deals with out-of-vocabulary words by design, and it can be applied to structured handwritten texts from different domains. The method has been validated with the ICDAR IEHHR competition protocol, outperforming the existing approaches.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.097; 601.311; 603.057; 600.084; 600.140; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ TCF2019 Serial 3166  
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