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Sanket Biswas; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal |


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Title |
Beyond Document Object Detection: Instance-Level Segmentation of Complex Layouts |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition |
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IJDAR |
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24 |
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269–281 |
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Information extraction is a fundamental task of many business intelligence services that entail massive document processing. Understanding a document page structure in terms of its layout provides contextual support which is helpful in the semantic interpretation of the document terms. In this paper, inspired by the progress of deep learning methodologies applied to the task of object recognition, we transfer these models to the specific case of document object detection, reformulating the traditional problem of document layout analysis. Moreover, we importantly contribute to prior arts by defining the task of instance segmentation on the document image domain. An instance segmentation paradigm is especially important in complex layouts whose contents should interact for the proper rendering of the page, i.e., the proper text wrapping around an image. Finally, we provide an extensive evaluation, both qualitative and quantitative, that demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed methodology over the current state of the art. |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.140; 110.312 |
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Admin @ si @ BRL2021b |
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3574 |
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Author |
Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas |


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Title |
Pay Attention to What You Read: Non-recurrent Handwritten Text-Line Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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129 |
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108766 |
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The advent of recurrent neural networks for handwriting recognition marked an important milestone reaching impressive recognition accuracies despite the great variability that we observe across different writing styles. Sequential architectures are a perfect fit to model text lines, not only because of the inherent temporal aspect of text, but also to learn probability distributions over sequences of characters and words. However, using such recurrent paradigms comes at a cost at training stage, since their sequential pipelines prevent parallelization. In this work, we introduce a non-recurrent approach to recognize handwritten text by the use of transformer models. We propose a novel method that bypasses any recurrence. By using multi-head self-attention layers both at the visual and textual stages, we are able to tackle character recognition as well as to learn language-related dependencies of the character sequences to be decoded. Our model is unconstrained to any predefined vocabulary, being able to recognize out-of-vocabulary words, i.e. words that do not appear in the training vocabulary. We significantly advance over prior art and demonstrate that satisfactory recognition accuracies are yielded even in few-shot learning scenarios. |
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Sept. 2022 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162 |
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Admin @ si @ KRR2022 |
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3556 |
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Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Beata Megyesi |

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Few shots are all you need: A progressive learning approach for low resource handwritten text recognition |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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160 |
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43-49 |
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Handwritten text recognition in low resource scenarios, such as manuscripts with rare alphabets, is a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a few-shot learning-based handwriting recognition approach that significantly reduces the human annotation process, by requiring only a few images of each alphabet symbols. The method consists of detecting all the symbols of a given alphabet in a textline image and decoding the obtained similarity scores to the final sequence of transcribed symbols. Our model is first pretrained on synthetic line images generated from an alphabet, which could differ from the alphabet of the target domain. A second training step is then applied to reduce the gap between the source and the target data. Since this retraining would require annotation of thousands of handwritten symbols together with their bounding boxes, we propose to avoid such human effort through an unsupervised progressive learning approach that automatically assigns pseudo-labels to the unlabeled data. The evaluation on different datasets shows that our model can lead to competitive results with a significant reduction in human effort. The code will be publicly available in the following repository: https://github.com/dali92002/HTRbyMatching |
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Elsevier |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230 |
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Admin @ si @ SFK2022 |
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3736 |
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Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Asma Bensalah; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes; Michelle Waldispühl |


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Title |
A User Perspective on HTR methods for the Automatic Transcription of Rare Scripts: The Case of Codex Runicus Just Accepted |
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Year |
2023 |
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ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage |
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JOCCH |
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15 |
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4 |
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1-18 |
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Recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning and Document Image Analysis and Recognition have significantly eased the creation of digital libraries and the transcription of historical documents. However, for documents in rare scripts with few labelled training data available, current Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) systems are too constraint. Moreover, research on HTR often focuses on technical aspects only, and rarely puts emphasis on implementing software tools for scholars in Humanities. In this article, we describe, compare and analyse different transcription methods for rare scripts. We evaluate their performance in a real use case of a medieval manuscript written in the runic script (Codex Runicus) and discuss advantages and disadvantages of each method from the user perspective. From this exhaustive analysis and comparison with a fully manual transcription, we raise conclusions and provide recommendations to scholars interested in using automatic transcription tools. |
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ACM |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 |
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Admin @ si @ SBC2023 |
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3732 |
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Author |
Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora; Alicia Fornes; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Josep Llados; Jialuo Chen; Miquel Valls-Figols; Anna Cabre |

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Title |
The Barcelona Historical Marriage Database and the Baix Llobregat Demographic Database. From Algorithms for Handwriting Recognition to Individual-Level Demographic and Socioeconomic Data |
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Year |
2022 |
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Historical Life Course Studies |
Abbreviated Journal |
HLCS |
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12 |
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99-132 |
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Individual demographic databases; Computer vision, Record linkage; Social mobility; Inequality; Migration; Word spotting; Handwriting recognition; Local censuses; Marriage Licences |
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The Barcelona Historical Marriage Database (BHMD) gathers records of the more than 600,000 marriages celebrated in the Diocese of Barcelona and their taxation registered in Barcelona Cathedral's so-called Marriage Licenses Books for the long period 1451–1905 and the BALL Demographic Database brings together the individual information recorded in the population registers, censuses and fiscal censuses of the main municipalities of the county of Baix Llobregat (Barcelona). In this ongoing collection 263,786 individual observations have been assembled, dating from the period between 1828 and 1965 by December 2020. The two databases started as part of different interdisciplinary research projects at the crossroads of Historical Demography and Computer Vision. Their construction uses artificial intelligence and computer vision methods as Handwriting Recognition to reduce the time of execution. However, its current state still requires some human intervention which explains the implemented crowdsourcing and game sourcing experiences. Moreover, knowledge graph techniques have allowed the application of advanced record linkage to link the same individuals and families across time and space. Moreover, we will discuss the main research lines using both databases developed so far in historical demography. |
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June 23, 2022 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 |
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Admin @ si @ PFR2022 |
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3737 |
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