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Author Joan Mas; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; J.A. Jorge edit  url
doi  openurl
  Title A syntactic approach based on distortion-tolerant Adjacency Grammars and a spatial-directed parser to interpret sketched diagrams Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal PR  
  Volume 43 Issue 12 Pages 4148–4164  
  Keywords Syntactic Pattern Recognition; Symbol recognition; Diagram understanding; Sketched diagrams; Adjacency Grammars; Incremental parsing; Spatial directed parsing  
  Abstract This paper presents a syntactic approach based on Adjacency Grammars (AG) for sketch diagram modeling and understanding. Diagrams are a combination of graphical symbols arranged according to a set of spatial rules defined by a visual language. AG describe visual shapes by productions defined in terms of terminal and non-terminal symbols (graphical primitives and subshapes), and a set functions describing the spatial arrangements between symbols. Our approach to sketch diagram understanding provides three main contributions. First, since AG are linear grammars, there is a need to define shapes and relations inherently bidimensional using a sequential formalism. Second, our parsing approach uses an indexing structure based on a spatial tessellation. This serves to reduce the search space when finding candidates to produce a valid reduction. This allows order-free parsing of 2D visual sentences while keeping combinatorial explosion in check. Third, working with sketches requires a distortion model to cope with the natural variations of hand drawn strokes. To this end we extended the basic grammar with a distortion measure modeled on the allowable variation on spatial constraints associated with grammar productions. Finally, the paper reports on an experimental framework an interactive system for sketch analysis. User tests performed on two real scenarios show that our approach is usable in interactive settings.  
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  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number (down) DAG @ dag @ MLS2010 Serial 1336  
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Author Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez edit  openurl
  Title Graph Matching vs. Graph Parsing in Graphics Recognition: A Combined Approach Type Journal
  Year 2004 Publication International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal IJPRAI  
  Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 455–473  
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  Notes DAG; IF: 0.588 Approved no  
  Call Number (down) DAG @ dag @ LlS2004 Serial 445  
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Author Josep Llados; Dorothea Blostein edit  openurl
  Title Special Issue on Graphics Recognition Type Journal
  Year 2007 Publication International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal IJDAR  
  Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 1–2  
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  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number (down) DAG @ dag @ LlB2007 Serial 781  
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Author Josep Llados; J. Lopez-Krahe; D. Archambault edit  openurl
  Title Special Issue on Information Technologies for Visually Impaired People Type Journal
  Year 2007 Publication Novatica Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 186 Issue Pages 4-7  
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  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number (down) DAG @ dag @ LLA2007a Serial 903  
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Author Josep Llados; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Joan Mas; Gemma Sanchez edit  openurl
  Title A Generic Architecture for the Conversion of Document Collections into Semantically Annotated Digital Archives Type Journal
  Year 2008 Publication Journal of Universal Computer Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 14 Issue 18 Pages 2912–2935  
  Keywords Median Graph, Graph Embedding, Graph Matching, Structural Pattern Recognition  
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  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number (down) DAG @ dag @ LKM2008 Serial 1142  
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