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Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
TextProposals: a Text‐specific Selective Search Algorithm for Word Spotting in the Wild |
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2017 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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70 |
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60-74 |
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Motivated by the success of powerful while expensive techniques to recognize words in a holistic way (Goel et al., 2013; Almazán et al., 2014; Jaderberg et al., 2016) object proposals techniques emerge as an alternative to the traditional text detectors. In this paper we introduce a novel object proposals method that is specifically designed for text. We rely on a similarity based region grouping algorithm that generates a hierarchy of word hypotheses. Over the nodes of this hierarchy it is possible to apply a holistic word recognition method in an efficient way.
Our experiments demonstrate that the presented method is superior in its ability of producing good quality word proposals when compared with class-independent algorithms. We show impressive recall rates with a few thousand proposals in different standard benchmarks, including focused or incidental text datasets, and multi-language scenarios. Moreover, the combination of our object proposals with existing whole-word recognizers (Almazán et al., 2014; Jaderberg et al., 2016) shows competitive performance in end-to-end word spotting, and, in some benchmarks, outperforms previously published results. Concretely, in the challenging ICDAR2015 Incidental Text dataset, we overcome in more than 10% F-score the best-performing method in the last ICDAR Robust Reading Competition (Karatzas, 2015). Source code of the complete end-to-end system is available at https://github.com/lluisgomez/TextProposals. |
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DAG; 600.084; 601.197; 600.121; 600.129 |
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Admin @ si @ GoK2017 |
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2886 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Anguelos Nicolaou; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Improving patch‐based scene text script identification with ensembles of conjoined networks |
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2017 |
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Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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67 |
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85-96 |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.121; 600.129 |
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Admin @ si @ GNK2017 |
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2887 |
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Author |
Lluis Gomez; Ali Furkan Biten; Ruben Tito; Andres Mafla; Marçal Rusiñol; Ernest Valveny; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Multimodal grid features and cell pointers for scene text visual question answering |
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2021 |
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Pattern Recognition Letters |
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PRL |
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150 |
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242-249 |
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This paper presents a new model for the task of scene text visual question answering. In this task questions about a given image can only be answered by reading and understanding scene text. Current state of the art models for this task make use of a dual attention mechanism in which one attention module attends to visual features while the other attends to textual features. A possible issue with this is that it makes difficult for the model to reason jointly about both modalities. To fix this problem we propose a new model that is based on an single attention mechanism that attends to multi-modal features conditioned to the question. The output weights of this attention module over a grid of multi-modal spatial features are interpreted as the probability that a certain spatial location of the image contains the answer text to the given question. Our experiments demonstrate competitive performance in two standard datasets with a model that is faster than previous methods at inference time. Furthermore, we also provide a novel analysis of the ST-VQA dataset based on a human performance study. Supplementary material, code, and data is made available through this link. |
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DAG; 600.084; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ GBT2021 |
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3620 |
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Author |
Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas; Alicia Fornes; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Candidate Fusion: Integrating Language Modelling into a Sequence-to-Sequence Handwritten Word Recognition Architecture |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
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PR |
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112 |
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107790 |
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Sequence-to-sequence models have recently become very popular for tackling
handwritten word recognition problems. However, how to effectively integrate an external language model into such recognizer is still a challenging
problem. The main challenge faced when training a language model is to
deal with the language model corpus which is usually different to the one
used for training the handwritten word recognition system. Thus, the bias
between both word corpora leads to incorrectness on the transcriptions, providing similar or even worse performances on the recognition task. In this
work, we introduce Candidate Fusion, a novel way to integrate an external
language model to a sequence-to-sequence architecture. Moreover, it provides suggestions from an external language knowledge, as a new input to
the sequence-to-sequence recognizer. Hence, Candidate Fusion provides two
improvements. On the one hand, the sequence-to-sequence recognizer has
the flexibility not only to combine the information from itself and the language model, but also to choose the importance of the information provided
by the language model. On the other hand, the external language model
has the ability to adapt itself to the training corpus and even learn the
most commonly errors produced from the recognizer. Finally, by conducting
comprehensive experiments, the Candidate Fusion proves to outperform the
state-of-the-art language models for handwritten word recognition tasks. |
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DAG; 600.140; 601.302; 601.312; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ KRV2021 |
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3343 |
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Author |
Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Marcal Rusinol; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas |
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Title |
Content and Style Aware Generation of Text-line Images for Handwriting Recognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
Abbreviated Journal |
TPAMI |
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Handwritten Text Recognition has achieved an impressive performance in public benchmarks. However, due to the high inter- and intra-class variability between handwriting styles, such recognizers need to be trained using huge volumes of manually labeled training data. To alleviate this labor-consuming problem, synthetic data produced with TrueType fonts has been often used in the training loop to gain volume and augment the handwriting style variability. However, there is a significant style bias between synthetic and real data which hinders the improvement of recognition performance. To deal with such limitations, we propose a generative method for handwritten text-line images, which is conditioned on both visual appearance and textual content. Our method is able to produce long text-line samples with diverse handwriting styles. Once properly trained, our method can also be adapted to new target data by only accessing unlabeled text-line images to mimic handwritten styles and produce images with any textual content. Extensive experiments have been done on making use of the generated samples to boost Handwritten Text Recognition performance. Both qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the current state of the art. |
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DAG; 600.140; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ KRR2021 |
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3612 |
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