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J.S. Cope; P.Remagnino; S.Mannan; Katerine Diaz; Francesc J. Ferri; P.Wilkin |
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Title |
Reverse Engineering Expert Visual Observations: From Fixations To The Learning Of Spatial Filters With A Neural-Gas Algorithm |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Expert Systems with Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
EXWA |
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40 |
Issue |
17 |
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6707-6712 |
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Neural gas; Expert vision; Eye-tracking; Fixations |
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Human beings can become experts in performing specific vision tasks, for example, doctors analysing medical images, or botanists studying leaves. With sufficient knowledge and experience, people can become very efficient at such tasks. When attempting to perform these tasks with a machine vision system, it would be highly beneficial to be able to replicate the process which the expert undergoes. Advances in eye-tracking technology can provide data to allow us to discover the manner in which an expert studies an image. This paper presents a first step towards utilizing these data for computer vision purposes. A growing-neural-gas algorithm is used to learn a set of Gabor filters which give high responses to image regions which a human expert fixated on. These filters can then be used to identify regions in other images which are likely to be useful for a given vision task. The algorithm is evaluated by learning filters for locating specific areas of plant leaves. |
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0957-4174 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ CRM2013 |
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2438 |
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Joan Marc Llargues Asensio; Juan Peralta; Raul Arrabales; Manuel Gonzalez Bedia; Paulo Cortez; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Artificial Intelligence Approaches for the Generation and Assessment of Believable Human-Like Behaviour in Virtual Characters |
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2014 |
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Expert Systems With Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
EXSY |
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41 |
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16 |
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7281–7290 |
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Turing test; Human-like behaviour; Believability; Non-player characters; Cognitive architectures; Genetic algorithm; Artificial neural networks |
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Having artificial agents to autonomously produce human-like behaviour is one of the most ambitious original goals of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and remains an open problem nowadays. The imitation game originally proposed by Turing constitute a very effective method to prove the indistinguishability of an artificial agent. The behaviour of an agent is said to be indistinguishable from that of a human when observers (the so-called judges in the Turing test) cannot tell apart humans and non-human agents. Different environments, testing protocols, scopes and problem domains can be established to develop limited versions or variants of the original Turing test. In this paper we use a specific version of the Turing test, based on the international BotPrize competition, built in a First-Person Shooter video game, where both human players and non-player characters interact in complex virtual environments. Based on our past experience both in the BotPrize competition and other robotics and computer game AI applications we have developed three new more advanced controllers for believable agents: two based on a combination of the CERA–CRANIUM and SOAR cognitive architectures and other based on ADANN, a system for the automatic evolution and adaptation of artificial neural networks. These two new agents have been put to the test jointly with CCBot3, the winner of BotPrize 2010 competition (Arrabales et al., 2012), and have showed a significant improvement in the humanness ratio. Additionally, we have confronted all these bots to both First-person believability assessment (BotPrize original judging protocol) and Third-person believability assessment, demonstrating that the active involvement of the judge has a great impact in the recognition of human-like behaviour. |
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ADAS; 600.055; 600.057; 600.076 |
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Admin @ si @ LPA2014 |
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2500 |
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Joan Serrat; Felipe Lumbreras; Francisco Blanco; Manuel Valiente; Montserrat Lopez-Mesas |
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Title |
myStone: A system for automatic kidney stone classification |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Expert Systems with Applications |
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ESA |
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89 |
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41-51 |
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Kidney stone; Optical device; Computer vision; Image classification |
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Kidney stone formation is a common disease and the incidence rate is constantly increasing worldwide. It has been shown that the classification of kidney stones can lead to an important reduction of the recurrence rate. The classification of kidney stones by human experts on the basis of certain visual color and texture features is one of the most employed techniques. However, the knowledge of how to analyze kidney stones is not widespread, and the experts learn only after being trained on a large number of samples of the different classes. In this paper we describe a new device specifically designed for capturing images of expelled kidney stones, and a method to learn and apply the experts knowledge with regard to their classification. We show that with off the shelf components, a carefully selected set of features and a state of the art classifier it is possible to automate this difficult task to a good degree. We report results on a collection of 454 kidney stones, achieving an overall accuracy of 63% for a set of eight classes covering almost all of the kidney stones taxonomy. Moreover, for more than 80% of samples the real class is the first or the second most probable class according to the system, being then the patient recommendations for the two top classes similar. This is the first attempt towards the automatic visual classification of kidney stones, and based on the current results we foresee better accuracies with the increase of the dataset size. |
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ADAS; MSIAU; 603.046; 600.122; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ SLB2017 |
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3026 |
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Angel Sappa; David Geronimo; Fadi Dornaika; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
On-board camera extrinsic parameter estimation |
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2006 |
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Electronics Letters |
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EL |
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42 |
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13 |
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745–746 |
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An efficient technique for real-time estimation of camera extrinsic parameters is presented. It is intended to be used on on-board vision systems for driving assistance applications. The proposed technique is based on the use of a commercial stereo vision system that does not need any visual feature extraction. |
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IEE |
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ADAS |
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ADAS @ adas @ SGD2006a |
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655 |
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Carme Julia; Angel Sappa; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Rank Estimation in 3D Multibody Motion Segmentation |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Electronic Letters |
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44 |
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4 |
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279-280 |
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A novel technique for rank estimation in 3D multibody motion segmentation is proposed. It is based on the study of the frequency spectra of moving rigid objects and does not use or assume a prior knowledge of the objects contained in the scene (i.e. number of objects and motion). The significance of rank estimation on multibody motion segmentation results is shown by using two motion segmentation algorithms over both synthetic and real data. |
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ADAS @ adas @ JSL2008a |
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939 |
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Joan Serrat; Felipe Lumbreras; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Cost estimation of custom hoses from STL files and CAD drawings |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Computers in Industry |
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COMPUTIND |
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64 |
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3 |
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299-309 |
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On-line quotation; STL format; Regression; Gaussian process |
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We present a method for the cost estimation of custom hoses from CAD models. They can come in two formats, which are easy to generate: a STL file or the image of a CAD drawing showing several orthogonal projections. The challenges in either cases are, first, to obtain from them a high level 3D description of the shape, and second, to learn a regression function for the prediction of the manufacturing time, based on geometric features of the reconstructed shape. The chosen description is the 3D line along the medial axis of the tube and the diameter of the circular sections along it. In order to extract it from STL files, we have adapted RANSAC, a robust parametric fitting algorithm. As for CAD drawing images, we propose a new technique for 3D reconstruction from data entered on any number of orthogonal projections. The regression function is a Gaussian process, which does not constrain the function to adopt any specific form and is governed by just two parameters. We assess the accuracy of the manufacturing time estimation by k-fold cross validation on 171 STL file models for which the time is provided by an expert. The results show the feasibility of the method, whereby the relative error for 80% of the testing samples is below 15%. |
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Elsevier |
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ADAS; 600.057; 600.054; 605.203 |
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Admin @ si @ SLL2013; ADAS @ adas @ |
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2161 |
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Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat |
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Segmentation of petrographical images of marbles |
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1996 |
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Computers and Geosciences. 22(5):547–558 |
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ADAS @ adas @ LuS1996b |
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82 |
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Oscar Argudo; Marc Comino; Antonio Chica; Carlos Andujar; Felipe Lumbreras |
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Segmentation of aerial images for plausible detail synthesis |
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2018 |
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Computers & Graphics |
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CG |
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71 |
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23-34 |
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Terrain editing; Detail synthesis; Vegetation synthesis; Terrain rendering; Image segmentation |
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The visual enrichment of digital terrain models with plausible synthetic detail requires the segmentation of aerial images into a suitable collection of categories. In this paper we present a complete pipeline for segmenting high-resolution aerial images into a user-defined set of categories distinguishing e.g. terrain, sand, snow, water, and different types of vegetation. This segmentation-for-synthesis problem implies that per-pixel categories must be established according to the algorithms chosen for rendering the synthetic detail. This precludes the definition of a universal set of labels and hinders the construction of large training sets. Since artists might choose to add new categories on the fly, the whole pipeline must be robust against unbalanced datasets, and fast on both training and inference. Under these constraints, we analyze the contribution of common per-pixel descriptors, and compare the performance of state-of-the-art supervised learning algorithms. We report the findings of two user studies. The first one was conducted to analyze human accuracy when manually labeling aerial images. The second user study compares detailed terrains built using different segmentation strategies, including official land cover maps. These studies demonstrate that our approach can be used to turn digital elevation models into fully-featured, detailed terrains with minimal authoring efforts. |
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0097-8493 |
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ADAS; 600.086; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ ACC2018 |
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3147 |
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A.F. Sole; Antonio Lopez; G. Sapiro |
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Title |
Crease Enhancement Diffusion |
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2001 |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 84(2): 241–248 (IF: 1.298) |
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New York; USA |
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ADAS @ adas @ SLS2001 |
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485 |
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David Geronimo; Angel Sappa; Daniel Ponsa; Antonio Lopez |
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2D-3D based on-board pedestrian detection system |
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2010 |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding |
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CVIU |
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114 |
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5 |
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583–595 |
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Pedestrian detection; Advanced Driver Assistance Systems; Horizon line; Haar wavelets; Edge orientation histograms |
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During the next decade, on-board pedestrian detection systems will play a key role in the challenge of increasing traffic safety. The main target of these systems, to detect pedestrians in urban scenarios, implies overcoming difficulties like processing outdoor scenes from a mobile platform and searching for aspect-changing objects in cluttered environments. This makes such systems combine techniques in the state-of-the-art Computer Vision. In this paper we present a three module system based on both 2D and 3D cues. The first module uses 3D information to estimate the road plane parameters and thus select a coherent set of regions of interest (ROIs) to be further analyzed. The second module uses Real AdaBoost and a combined set of Haar wavelets and edge orientation histograms to classify the incoming ROIs as pedestrian or non-pedestrian. The final module loops again with the 3D cue in order to verify the classified ROIs and with the 2D in order to refine the final results. According to the results, the integration of the proposed techniques gives rise to a promising system. |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding (Special Issue on Intelligent Vision Systems), Vol. 114(5):583-595 |
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1077-3142 |
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ADAS @ adas @ GSP2010 |
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1341 |
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