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Maurizio Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; Josep Piñol; Lasse Loepfe; Mireia Burnat ; Xavier Alvarez; Juan Camacho; Debora Gil |
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A quantitative and statistically robust method for the determination of xylem conduit spatial distribution |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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American Journal of Botany |
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AJB |
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97 |
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8 |
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1247-1259 |
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Geyer; hydraulic conductivity; point pattern analysis; Ripley; Spatstat; vessel clusters; xylem anatomy; xylem network |
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Premise of the study: Because of their limited length, xylem conduits need to connect to each other to maintain water transport from roots to leaves. Conduit spatial distribution in a cross section plays an important role in aiding this connectivity. While indices of conduit spatial distribution already exist, they are not well defined statistically. * Methods: We used point pattern analysis to derive new spatial indices. One hundred and five cross-sectional images from different species were transformed into binary images. The resulting point patterns, based on the locations of the conduit centers-of-area, were analyzed to determine whether they departed from randomness. Conduit distribution was then modeled using a spatially explicit stochastic model. * Key results: The presence of conduit randomness, uniformity, or aggregation depended on the spatial scale of the analysis. The large majority of the images showed patterns significantly different from randomness at least at one spatial scale. A strong phylogenetic signal was detected in the spatial variables. * Conclusions: Conduit spatial arrangement has been largely conserved during evolution, especially at small spatial scales. Species in which conduits were aggregated in clusters had a lower conduit density compared to those with uniform distribution. Statistically sound spatial indices must be employed as an aid in the characterization of distributional patterns across species and in models of xylem water transport. Point pattern analysis is a very useful tool in identifying spatial patterns. |
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IAM @ iam @ MMG2010 |
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1623 |
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Debora Gil; Petia Radeva |
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A Regularized Curvature Flow Designed for a Selective Shape Restoration |
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2004 |
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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing |
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13 |
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1444–1458 |
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Geometric flows, nonlinear filtering, shape recovery. |
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Among all filtering techniques, those based exclu- sively on image level sets (geometric flows) have proven to be the less sensitive to the nature of noise and the most contrast preserving. A common feature to existent curvature flows is that they penalize high curvature, regardless of the curve regularity. This constitutes a major drawback since curvature extreme values are standard descriptors of the contour geometry. We argue that an operator designed with shape recovery purposes should include a term penalizing irregularity in the curvature rather than its magnitude. To this purpose, we present a novel geometric flow that includes a function that measures the degree of local irregularity present in the curve. A main advantage is that it achieves non-trivial steady states representing a smooth model of level curves in a noisy image. Performance of our approach is compared to classical filtering techniques in terms of quality in the restored image/shape and asymptotic behavior. We empirically prove that our approach is the technique that achieves the best compromise between image quality and evolution stabilization. |
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IAM;MILAB |
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BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ GiR2004b |
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491 |
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Miquel Angel Piera; Jose Luis Muñoz; Debora Gil; Gonzalo Martin; Jordi Manzano |
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A Socio-Technical Simulation Model for the Design of the Future Single Pilot Cockpit: An Opportunity to Improve Pilot Performance |
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2022 |
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IEEE Access |
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ACCESS |
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10 |
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22330-22343 |
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Human factors ; Performance evaluation ; Simulation; Sociotechnical systems ; System performance |
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The future deployment of single pilot operations must be supported by new cockpit computer services. Such services require an adaptive context-aware integration of technical functionalities with the concurrent tasks that a pilot must deal with. Advanced artificial intelligence supporting services and improved communication capabilities are the key enabling technologies that will render future cockpits more integrated with the present digitalized air traffic management system. However, an issue in the integration of such technologies is the lack of socio-technical analysis in the design of these teaming mechanisms. A key factor in determining how and when a service support should be provided is the dynamic evolution of pilot workload. This paper investigates how the socio-technical model-based systems engineering approach paves the way for the design of a digital assistant framework by formalizing this workload. The model was validated in an Airbus A-320 cockpit simulator, and the results confirmed the degraded pilot behavioral model and the performance impact according to different contextual flight deck information. This study contributes to practical knowledge for designing human-machine task-sharing systems. |
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Feb 2022 |
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IAM; |
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Admin @ si @ PMG2022 |
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3697 |
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David Castells; Vinh Ngo; Juan Borrego-Carazo; Marc Codina; Carles Sanchez; Debora Gil; Jordi Carrabina |
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A Survey of FPGA-Based Vision Systems for Autonomous Cars |
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2022 |
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IEEE Access |
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ACESS |
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10 |
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132525-132563 |
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Autonomous automobile; Computer vision; field programmable gate arrays; reconfigurable architectures |
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On the road to making self-driving cars a reality, academic and industrial researchers are working hard to continue to increase safety while meeting technical and regulatory constraints Understanding the surrounding environment is a fundamental task in self-driving cars. It requires combining complex computer vision algorithms. Although state-of-the-art algorithms achieve good accuracy, their implementations often require powerful computing platforms with high power consumption. In some cases, the processing speed does not meet real-time constraints. FPGA platforms are often used to implement a category of latency-critical algorithms that demand maximum performance and energy efficiency. Since self-driving car computer vision functions fall into this category, one could expect to see a wide adoption of FPGAs in autonomous cars. In this paper, we survey the computer vision FPGA-based works from the literature targeting automotive applications over the last decade. Based on the survey, we identify the strengths and weaknesses of FPGAs in this domain and future research opportunities and challenges. |
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16 December 2022 |
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IEEE |
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IAM; 600.166 |
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Admin @ si @ CNB2022 |
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3760 |
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Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Sandra Pujades; Francesc Carreras |
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A Variational Framework for Assessment of the Left Ventricle Motion |
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2008 |
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International Journal Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena |
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3 |
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6 |
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76-100 |
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Key words: Left Ventricle Dynamics, Ventricular Torsion, Tagged Magnetic Resonance, Motion Tracking, Variational Framework, Gabor Transform. |
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Impairment of left ventricular contractility due to cardiovascular diseases is reflected in left ventricle (LV) motion patterns. An abnormal change of torsion or long axis shortening LV values can help with the diagnosis and follow-up of LV dysfunction. Tagged Magnetic Resonance (TMR) is a widely spread medical imaging modality that allows estimation of the myocardial tissue local deformation. In this work, we introduce a novel variational framework for extracting the left ventricle dynamics from TMR sequences. A bi-dimensional representation space of TMR images given by Gabor filter banks is defined. Tracking of the phases of the Gabor response is combined using a variational framework which regularizes the deformation field just at areas where the Gabor amplitude drops, while restoring the underlying motion otherwise. The clinical applicability of the proposed method is illustrated by extracting normality models of the ventricular torsion from 19 healthy subjects. |
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IAM |
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IAM @ iam @ GGC2008a |
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1058 |
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David Rotger; Misael Rosales; Jaume Garcia; Oriol Pujol ; Josefina Mauri; Petia Radeva |
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Active Vessel: A New Multimedia Workstation for Intravascular Ultrasound and Angiography Fusion |
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2003 |
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Computers in Cardiology |
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30 |
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65-68 |
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AcriveVessel is a new multimedia workstation which enables the visualization, acquisition and handling of both image modalities, on- and ofline. It enables DICOM v3.0 decompression and browsing, video acquisition,repmduction and storage for IntraVascular UltraSound (IVUS) and angiograms with their corresponding ECG,automatic catheter segmentation in angiography images (using fast marching algorithm). BSpline models definition for vessel layers on IVUS images sequence and an extensively validated tool to fuse information. This approach defines the correspondence of every IVUS image with its correspondent point in the angiogram and viceversa. The 3 0 reconstruction of the NUS catheterhessel enables real distance measurements as well as threedimensional visualization showing vessel tortuosity in the space. |
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IAM;MILAB;HuPBA |
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IAM @ iam @ RRG2003 |
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1647 |
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Guillermo Torres; Sonia Baeza; Carles Sanchez; Ignasi Guasch; Antoni Rosell; Debora Gil |
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An Intelligent Radiomic Approach for Lung Cancer Screening |
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2022 |
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Applied Sciences |
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APPLSCI |
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12 |
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3 |
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1568 |
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Lung cancer; Early diagnosis; Screening; Neural networks; Image embedding; Architecture optimization |
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The efficiency of lung cancer screening for reducing mortality is hindered by the high rate of false positives. Artificial intelligence applied to radiomics could help to early discard benign cases from the analysis of CT scans. The available amount of data and the fact that benign cases are a minority, constitutes a main challenge for the successful use of state of the art methods (like deep learning), which can be biased, over-fitted and lack of clinical reproducibility. We present an hybrid approach combining the potential of radiomic features to characterize nodules in CT scans and the generalization of the feed forward networks. In order to obtain maximal reproducibility with minimal training data, we propose an embedding of nodules based on the statistical significance of radiomic features for malignancy detection. This representation space of lesions is the input to a feed
forward network, which architecture and hyperparameters are optimized using own-defined metrics of the diagnostic power of the whole system. Results of the best model on an independent set of patients achieve 100% of sensitivity and 83% of specificity (AUC = 0.94) for malignancy detection. |
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Jan 2022 |
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IAM; 600.139; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ TBS2022 |
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3699 |
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Oriol Rodriguez-Leon; Debora Gil; Eduard Fernandez-Nofrerias |
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Analisis en los cambios en el nivel de gris en las secuencias angiograficas mediante descriptores estadisticos para determinar la perfusion miocardica |
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2006 |
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Revista Española de Cardiología |
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REC |
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59 Supl 2-166 |
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2 |
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128 |
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IAM @ iam @ RGF2006 |
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1640 |
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Debora Gil; Sergio Vera; Agnes Borras; Albert Andaluz; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester |
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Anatomical Medial Surfaces with Efficient Resolution of Branches Singularities |
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2017 |
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Medical Image Analysis |
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MIA |
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35 |
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390-402 |
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Medial Representations; Shape Recognition; Medial Branching Stability ; Singular Points |
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Medial surfaces are powerful tools for shape description, but their use has been limited due to the sensibility existing methods to branching artifacts. Medial branching artifacts are associated to perturbations of the object boundary rather than to geometric features. Such instability is a main obstacle for a condent application in shape recognition and description. Medial branches correspond to singularities of the medial surface and, thus, they are problematic for existing morphological and energy-based algorithms. In this paper, we use algebraic geometry concepts in an energy-based approach to compute a medial surface presenting a stable branching topology. We also present an ecient GPU-CPU implementation using standard image processing tools. We show the method computational eciency and quality on a custom made synthetic database. Finally, we present some results on a medical imaging application for localization of abdominal pathologies. |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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IAM; 600.060; 600.096; 600.075; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ GVB2017 |
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2775 |
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Mireia Sole; Joan Blanco; Debora Gil; G. Fonseka; Richard Frodsham; Oliver Valero; Francesca Vidal; Zaida Sarrate |
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Análisis 3d de la territorialidad cromosómica en células espermatogénicas: explorando la infertilidad desde un nuevo prisma |
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2017 |
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Revista Asociación para el Estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción |
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ASEBIR |
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22 |
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2 |
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105 |
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IAM; 600.096; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ SBG2017d |
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3042 |
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