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Josep Llados; Enric Marti |
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A graph-edit algorithm for hand-drawn graphical document recognition and their automatic introduction into CAD systems |
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1999 |
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Machine Graphics & Vision |
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8 |
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195-211 |
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IAM @ iam @ LIM1999 |
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1568 |
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Josep Llados; Enric Marti |
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Graph-edit algorithms for hand-drawn graphical document recognition and their automatic introduction |
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1999 |
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Machine Graphics & Vision journal, special issue on Graph transformation |
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IAM @ iam @ LIM1999c |
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1569 |
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Josep Llados; Enric Marti; Juan J.Villanueva |
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Symbol recognition by error-tolerant subgraph matching between region adjacency graphs |
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2001 |
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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence |
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23 |
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10 |
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1137-1143 |
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The recognition of symbols in graphic documents is an intensive research activity in the community of pattern recognition and document analysis. A key issue in the interpretation of maps, engineering drawings, diagrams, etc. is the recognition of domain dependent symbols according to a symbol database. In this work we first review the most outstanding symbol recognition methods from two different points of view: application domains and pattern recognition methods. In the second part of the paper, open and unaddressed problems involved in symbol recognition are described, analyzing their current state of art and discussing future research challenges. Thus, issues such as symbol representation, matching, segmentation, learning, scalability of recognition methods and performance evaluation are addressed in this work. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of symbol recognition concerning to new paradigms such as user interfaces in handheld computers or document database and WWW indexing by graphical content. |
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IAM @ iam @ LMV2001 |
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1581 |
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Ole Larsen; Petia Radeva; Enric Marti |
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Bounds on the optimal elasticity parameters for a snake |
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1995 |
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Image Analysis and Processing |
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37-42 |
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This paper develops a formalism by which an estimate for the upper and lower bounds for the elasticity parameters for a snake can be obtained. Objects different in size and shape give rise to different bounds. The bounds can be obtained based on an analysis of the shape of the object of interest. Experiments on synthetic images show a good correlation between the estimated behaviour of the snake and the one actually observed. Experiments on real X-ray images show that the parameters for optimal segmentation lie within the estimated bounds. |
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MILAB;IAM |
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IAM @ iam @ LRM1995a |
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1559 |
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Josep Llados; Ernest Valveny; Enric Marti |
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Symbol Recognition in Document Image Analysis: Methods and Challenges |
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2000 |
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Recent Research Developments in Pattern Recognition, Transworld Research Network, |
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1 |
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151–178. |
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81-86846-61-1 |
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DAG;IAM |
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IAM @ iam @ LVM2000 |
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1575 |
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Enric Marti; Carme Julia; Debora Gil |
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A PBL Experience in the Teaching of Computer Graphics |
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2006 |
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Computer Graphics Forum |
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CGF |
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25 |
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1 |
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95-103 |
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Project-Based Learning (PBL) is an educational strategy to improve student’s learning capability that, in recent years, has had a progressive acceptance in undergraduate studies. This methodology is based on solving a problem or project in a student working group. In this way, PBL focuses on learning the necessary tools to correctly find a solution to given problems. Since the learning initiative is transferred to the student, the PBL method promotes students own abilities. This allows a better assessment of the true workload that carries out the student in the subject. It follows that the methodology conforms to the guidelines of the Bologna document, which quantifies the student workload in a subject by means of the European credit transfer system (ECTS). PBL is currently applied in undergraduate studies needing strong practical training such as medicine, nursing or law sciences. Although this is also the case in engineering studies, amazingly, few experiences have been reported. In this paper we propose to use PBL in the educational organization of the Computer Graphics subjects in the Computer Science degree. Our PBL project focuses in the development of a C++ graphical environment based on the OpenGL libraries for visualization and handling of different graphical objects. The starting point is a basic skeleton that already includes lighting functions, perspective projection with mouse interaction to change the point of view and three predefined objects. Students have to complete this skeleton by adding their own functions to solve the project. A total number of 10 projects have been proposed and successfully solved. The exercises range from human face rendering to articulated objects, such as robot arms or puppets. In the present paper we extensively report the statement and educational objectives for two of the projects: solar system visualization and a chess game. We report our earlier educational experience based on the standard classroom theoretical, problem and practice sessions and the reasons that motivated searching for other learning methods. We have mainly chosen PBL because it improves the student learning initiative. We have applied the PBL educational model since the beginning of the second semester. The student’s feedback increases in his interest for the subject. We present a comparative study of the teachers’ and students’ workload between PBL and the classic teaching approach, which suggests that the workload increase in PBL is not as high as it seems. |
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Computer Graphics Forum |
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Computer Vision CenterComputer Science Department Escola Tcnica Superior d’Enginyeria (UAB), Edifi |
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IAM;ADAS; |
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IAM @ iam @ MJG2006a |
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1607 |
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Maurizio Mencuccini; Jordi Martinez-Vilalta; Josep Piñol; Lasse Loepfe; Mireia Burnat ; Xavier Alvarez; Juan Camacho; Debora Gil |
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A quantitative and statistically robust method for the determination of xylem conduit spatial distribution |
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2010 |
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American Journal of Botany |
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AJB |
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97 |
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8 |
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1247-1259 |
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Geyer; hydraulic conductivity; point pattern analysis; Ripley; Spatstat; vessel clusters; xylem anatomy; xylem network |
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Premise of the study: Because of their limited length, xylem conduits need to connect to each other to maintain water transport from roots to leaves. Conduit spatial distribution in a cross section plays an important role in aiding this connectivity. While indices of conduit spatial distribution already exist, they are not well defined statistically. * Methods: We used point pattern analysis to derive new spatial indices. One hundred and five cross-sectional images from different species were transformed into binary images. The resulting point patterns, based on the locations of the conduit centers-of-area, were analyzed to determine whether they departed from randomness. Conduit distribution was then modeled using a spatially explicit stochastic model. * Key results: The presence of conduit randomness, uniformity, or aggregation depended on the spatial scale of the analysis. The large majority of the images showed patterns significantly different from randomness at least at one spatial scale. A strong phylogenetic signal was detected in the spatial variables. * Conclusions: Conduit spatial arrangement has been largely conserved during evolution, especially at small spatial scales. Species in which conduits were aggregated in clusters had a lower conduit density compared to those with uniform distribution. Statistically sound spatial indices must be employed as an aid in the characterization of distributional patterns across species and in models of xylem water transport. Point pattern analysis is a very useful tool in identifying spatial patterns. |
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IAM @ iam @ MMG2010 |
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1623 |
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Enric Marti; Jordi Regincos;Jaime Lopez-Krahe; Juan J.Villanueva |
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Hand line drawing interpretation as three-dimensional objects |
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1993 |
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Signal Processing – Intelligent systems for signal and image understanding |
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32 |
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1-2 |
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91-110 |
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Line drawing interpretation; line labelling; scene analysis; man-machine interaction; CAD input; line extraction |
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In this paper we present a technique to interpret hand line drawings as objects in a three-dimensional space. The object domain considered is based on planar surfaces with straight edges, concretely, on ansextension of Origami world to hidden lines. The line drawing represents the object under orthographic projection and it is sensed using a scanner. Our method is structured in two modules: feature extraction and feature interpretation. In the first one, image processing techniques are applied under certain tolerance margins to detect lines and junctions on the hand line drawing. Feature interpretation module is founded on line labelling techniques using a labelled junction dictionary. A labelling algorithm is here proposed. It uses relaxation techniques to reduce the number of incompatible labels with the junction dictionary so that the convergence of solutions can be accelerated. We formulate some labelling hypotheses tending to eliminate elements in two sets of labelled interpretations. That is, those which are compatible with the dictionary but do not correspond to three-dimensional objects and those which represent objects not very probable to be specified by means of a line drawing. New entities arise on the line drawing as a result of the extension of Origami world. These are defined to enunciate the assumptions of our method as well as to clarify the algorithms proposed. This technique is framed in a project aimed to implement a system to create 3D objects to improve man-machine interaction in CAD systems. |
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Elsevier North-Holland, Inc. |
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Amsterdam, The Netherlands, The Netherlands |
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0165-1684 |
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IAM @ iam @ MRL1993 |
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1611 |
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Ernest Valveny; Enric Marti |
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Deformable Template Matching within a Bayesian Framework for Hand-Written Graphic Symbol Recognition |
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2000 |
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Graphics Recognition Recent Advances |
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1941 |
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193-208 |
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We describe a method for hand-drawn symbol recognition based on deformable template matching able to handle uncertainty and imprecision inherent to hand-drawing. Symbols are represented as a set of straight lines and their deformations as geometric transformations of these lines. Matching, however, is done over the original binary image to avoid loss of information during line detection. It is defined as an energy minimization problem, using a Bayesian framework which allows to combine fidelity to ideal shape of the symbol and flexibility to modify the symbol in order to get the best fit to the binary input image. Prior to matching, we find the best global transformation of the symbol to start the recognition process, based on the distance between symbol lines and image lines. We have applied this method to the recognition of dimensions and symbols in architectural floor plans and we show its flexibility to recognize distorted symbols. |
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Springer Verlag |
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Springer Verlag |
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IAM @ iam @ MVA2000 |
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1655 |
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Ferran Poveda; Debora Gil; Enric Marti; Albert Andaluz; Manel Ballester;Francesc Carreras Costa |
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Helical structure of the cardiac ventricular anatomy assessed by Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging multi-resolution tractography |
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2013 |
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Revista Española de Cardiología |
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REC |
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66 |
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10 |
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782-790 |
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Heart;Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging;Diffusion tractography;Helical heart;Myocardial ventricular band. |
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Deep understanding of myocardial structure linking morphology and function of the heart would unravel crucial knowledge for medical and surgical clinical procedures and studies. Several conceptual models of myocardial fiber organization have been proposed but the lack of an automatic and objective methodology prevented an agreement. We sought to deepen in this knowledge through advanced computer graphic representations of the myocardial fiber architecture by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI).
We performed automatic tractography reconstruction of unsegmented DT-MRI canine heart datasets coming from the public database of the Johns Hopkins University. Full scale tractographies have been build with 200 seeds and are composed by streamlines computed on the vectorial field of primary eigenvectors given at the diffusion tensor volumes. Also, we introduced a novel multi-scale visualization technique in order to obtain a simplified tractography. This methodology allowed to keep the main geometric features of the fiber tracts, making easier to decipher the main properties of the architectural organization of the heart.
On the analysis of the output from our tractographic representations we found exact correlation with low-level details of myocardial architecture, but also with the more abstract conceptualization of a continuous helical ventricular myocardial fiber array.
Objective analysis of myocardial architecture by an automated method, including the entire myocardium and using several 3D levels of complexity, reveals a continuous helical myocardial fiber arrangement of both right and left ventricles, supporting the anatomical model of the helical ventricular myocardial band described by Torrent-Guasp. |
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IAM; 600.044; 600.060 |
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IAM @ iam @ PGM2013 |
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