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Author |
Antonio Esteban Lansaque |
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Title |
An Endoscopic Navigation System for Lung Cancer Biopsy |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Lung cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers among men and women. Actually,
lung cancer accounts for 13% of the total cases with a 5-year global survival
rate in patients. Although Early detection increases survival rate from 38% to 67%, accurate diagnosis remains a challenge. Pathological confirmation requires extracting a sample of the lesion tissue for its biopsy. The preferred procedure for tissue biopsy is called bronchoscopy. A bronchoscopy is an endoscopic technique for the internal exploration of airways which facilitates the performance of minimal invasive interventions with low risk for the patient. Recent advances in bronchoscopic devices have increased their use for minimal invasive diagnostic and intervention procedures, like lung cancer biopsy sampling. Despite the improvement in bronchoscopic device quality, there is a lack of intelligent computational systems for supporting in-vivo clinical decision during examinations. Existing technologies fail to accurately reach the lesion due to several aspects at intervention off-line planning and poor intra-operative guidance at exploration time. Existing guiding systems radiate patients and clinical staff,might be expensive and achieve a suboptimlal 70% of yield boost. Diagnostic yield could be improved reducing radiation and costs by developing intra-operative support systems able to guide the bronchoscopist to the lesion during the intervention. The goal of this PhD thesis is to develop an image-based navigation systemfor intra-operative guidance of bronchoscopists to a target lesion across a path previously planned on a CT-scan. We propose a 3D navigation system which uses the anatomy of video bronchoscopy frames to locate the bronchoscope within the airways. Once the bronchoscope is located, our navigation system is able to indicate the bifurcation which needs to be followed to reach the lesion. In order to facilitate an off-line validation
as realistic as possible, we also present a method for augmenting simulated virtual bronchoscopies with the appearance of intra-operative videos. Experiments performed on augmented and intra-operative videos, prove that our algorithm can be speeded up for an on-line implementation in the operating room. |
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October 2019 |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Editor |
Debora Gil;Carles Sanchez |
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978-84-121011-0-2 |
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Notes |
IAM; 600.139; 600.145 |
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Admin @ si @ Est2019 |
Serial |
3392 |
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Author |
Jose Elias Yauri |
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Title |
Deep Learning Based Data Fusion Approaches for the Assessment of Cognitive States on EEG Signals |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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For millennia, the study of the couple brain-mind has fascinated the humanity in order to understand the complex nature of cognitive states. A cognitive state is the state of the mind at a specific time and involves cognition activities to acquire and process information for making a decision, solving a problem, or achieving a goal.
While normal cognitive states assist in the successful accomplishment of tasks; on the contrary, abnormal states of the mind can lead to task failures due to a reduced cognition capability. In this thesis, we focus on the assessment of cognitive states by means of the analysis of ElectroEncephaloGrams (EEG) signals using deep learning methods. EEG records the electrical activity of the brain using a set of electrodes placed on the scalp that output a set of spatiotemporal signals that are expected to be correlated to a specific mental process.
From the point of view of artificial intelligence, any method for the assessment of cognitive states using EEG signals as input should face several challenges. On the one hand, one should determine which is the most suitable approach for the optimal combination of the multiple signals recorded by EEG electrodes. On the other hand, one should have a protocol for the collection of good quality unambiguous annotated data, and an experimental design for the assessment of the generalization and transfer of models. In order to tackle them, first, we propose several convolutional neural architectures to perform data fusion of the signals recorded by EEG electrodes, at raw signal and feature levels. Four channel fusion methods, easy to incorporate into any neural network architecture, are proposed and assessed. Second, we present a method to create an unambiguous dataset for the prediction of cognitive mental workload using serious games and an Airbus-320 flight simulator. Third, we present a validation protocol that takes into account the levels of generalization of models based on the source and amount of test data.
Finally, the approaches for the assessment of cognitive states are applied to two use cases of high social impact: the assessment of mental workload for personalized support systems in the cockpit and the detection of epileptic seizures. The results obtained from the first use case show the feasibility of task transfer of models trained to detect workload in serious games to real flight scenarios. The results from the second use case show the generalization capability of our EEG channel fusion methods at k-fold cross-validation, patient-specific, and population levels. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
IMPRIMA |
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Editor |
Aura Hernandez;Debora Gil |
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IAM |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Yau2023 |
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3962 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Petia Radeva; Francesc Carreras |
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Title |
Combining Spectral and Active Shape methods to Track Tagged MRI |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence Research and Development |
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Pages |
37-44 |
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Keywords |
MR; tagged MR; ASM; LV segmentation; motion estimation. |
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Abstract |
Tagged magnetic resonance is a very usefull and unique tool that provides a complete local and global knowledge of the left ventricle (LV) motion. In this article we introduce a method capable of tracking and segmenting the LV. Spectral methods are applied in order to obtain the so called HARP images which encode information about movement and are the base for LV point-tracking. For segmentation we use Active Shapes (ASM) that model LV shape variation in order to overcome possible local misplacements of the boundary. We finally show experiments on both synthetic and real data which appear to be very promising. |
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IOS Press |
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CCIA |
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IAM;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GRC2004 |
Serial |
1488 |
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Author |
Jaume Garcia; Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate |
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Title |
Endowing Canonical Geometries to Cardiac Structures |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Statistical Atlases And Computational Models Of The Heart |
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Volume |
6364 |
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124-133 |
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Abstract |
International conference on Cardiac electrophysiological simulation challenge
In this paper, we show that canonical (shape-based) geometries can be endowed to cardiac structures using tubular coordinates defined over their medial axis. We give an analytic formulation of these geometries by means of B-Splines. Since B-Splines present vector space structure PCA can be applied to their control points and statistical models relating boundaries and the interior of the anatomical structures can be derived. We demonstrate the applicability in two cardiac structures, the 3D Left Ventricular volume, and the 2D Left-Right ventricle set in 2D Short Axis view. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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Editor |
Camara, O.; Pop, M.; Rhode, K.; Sermesant, M.; Smith, N.; Young, A. |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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LNCS |
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IAM |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GGH2010b |
Serial |
1515 |
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Author |
Debora Gil; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Inhibition of False Landmarks |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence Research and Development |
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233-244 |
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We argue that a corner detector should be based on the degree of continuity of the tangent vector to the image level sets, work on the image domain and need no assumptions on neither the image local structure nor the particular geometry of the corner/junction. An operator measuring the degree of differentiability of the projection matrix on the image gradient fulfills the above requirements. Its high sensitivity to changes in vector directions makes it suitable for landmark location in real images prone to need smoothing to reduce the impact of noise. Because using smoothing kernels leads to corner misplacement, we suggest an alternative fake response remover based on the receptive field inhibition of spurious details. The combination of both orientation discontinuity detection and noise inhibition produce our Inhibition Orientation Energy (IOE) landmark locator. |
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IOS Press |
Place of Publication |
Barcelona (Spain) |
Editor |
al, J.V. et |
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Notes |
IAM;MILAB |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GiR2004a |
Serial |
1533 |
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Author |
Debora Gil; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Curvature Vector Flow to Assure Convergent Deformable Models for Shape Modelling |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Energy Minimization Methods In Computer Vision And Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
LNCS |
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2683 |
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357-372 |
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Keywords |
Initial condition; Convex shape; Non convex analysis; Increase; Segmentation; Gradient; Standard; Standards; Concave shape; Flow models; Tracking; Edge detection; Curvature |
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Abstract |
Poor convergence to concave shapes is a main limitation of snakes as a standard segmentation and shape modelling technique. The gradient of the external energy of the snake represents a force that pushes the snake into concave regions, as its internal energy increases when new inexion points are created. In spite of the improvement of the external energy by the gradient vector ow technique, highly non convex shapes can not be obtained, yet. In the present paper, we develop a new external energy based on the geometry of the curve to be modelled. By tracking back the deformation of a curve that evolves by minimum curvature ow, we construct a distance map that encapsulates the natural way of adapting to non convex shapes. The gradient of this map, which we call curvature vector ow (CVF), is capable of attracting a snake towards any contour, whatever its geometry. Our experiments show that, any initial snake condition converges to the curve to be modelled in optimal time. |
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Publisher |
Springer, Berlin |
Place of Publication |
Lisbon, PORTUGAL |
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Springer, B. |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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LNCS |
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0302-9743 |
ISBN |
3-540-40498-8 |
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Notes |
IAM;MILAB |
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no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GIR2003b |
Serial |
1535 |
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Author |
Debora Gil; Oriol Rodriguez-Leon; Petia Radeva; Aura Hernandez-Sabate |
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Title |
Assessing Artery Motion Compensation in IVUS |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Computer Analysis Of Images And Patterns |
Abbreviated Journal |
LNCS |
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4673 |
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213-220 |
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validation standards; quality measures; IVUS motion compensation; conservation laws; Fourier development |
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Cardiac dynamics suppression is a main issue for visual improvement and computation of tissue mechanical properties in IntraVascular UltraSound (IVUS). Although in recent times several motion compensation techniques have arisen, there is a lack of objective evaluation of motion reduction in in vivo pullbacks. We consider that the assessment protocol deserves special attention for the sake of a clinical applicability as reliable as possible. Our work focuses on defining a quality measure and a validation protocol assessing IVUS motion compensation. On the grounds of continuum mechanics laws we introduce a novel score measuring motion reduction in in vivo sequences. Synthetic experiments validate the proposed score as measure of motion parameters accuracy; while results in in vivo pullbacks show its reliability in clinical cases. |
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Springerlink |
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Heidelberg |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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978-3-540-74271-5 |
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IAM;MILAB |
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IAM @ iam @ GRR2007 |
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1540 |
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Author |
F.Guirado; Ana Ripoll; C.Roig; Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Emilio Luque |
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Title |
Exploiting Throughput for Pipeline Execution in Streaming Image Processing Applications |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Euro-Par 2006 Parallel Processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
LNCS |
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Volume |
4128 |
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Pages |
1095-1105 |
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12th International Euro–Par Conference |
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There is a large range of image processing applications that act on an input sequence of image frames that are continuously received. Throughput is a key performance measure to be optimized when execu- ting them. In this paper we propose a new task replication methodology for optimizing throughput for an image processing application in the field of medicine. The results show that by applying the proposed methodo- logy we are able to achieve the desired throughput in all cases, in such a way that the input frames can be processed at any given rate. |
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Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
Dresden, Germany (European Union) |
Editor |
UAB; W, E.N.; et al. |
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Lecture Notes In Computer Science |
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Euro–Par |
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IAM |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ GRR2006a |
Serial |
1542 |
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Author |
Ole Vilhelm-Larsen; Petia Radeva; Enric Marti |
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Title |
Guidelines for choosing optimal parameters of elasticity for snakes |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Computer Analysis Of Images And Patterns |
Abbreviated Journal |
LNCS |
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970 |
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106-113 |
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This paper proposes a guidance in the process of choosing and using the parameters of elasticity of a snake in order to obtain a precise segmentation. A new two step procedure is defined based on upper and lower bounds on the parameters. Formulas, by which these bounds can be calculated for real images where parts of the contour may be missing, are presented. Experiments on segmentation of bone structures in X-ray images have verified the usefulness of the new procedure. |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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LNCS |
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MILAB;IAM |
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IAM @ iam @ LRM1995b |
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1558 |
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Author |
Josep Llados; Jaime Lopez-Krahe; Enric Marti |
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Title |
A system to understand hand-drawn floor plans using subgraph isomorphism and Hough transform |
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1997 |
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Machine Vision and Applications |
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10 |
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3 |
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150-158 |
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Line drawings – Hough transform – Graph matching – CAD systems – Graphics recognition |
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Presently, man-machine interface development is a widespread research activity. A system to understand hand drawn architectural drawings in a CAD environment is presented in this paper. To understand a document, we have to identify its building elements and their structural properties. An attributed graph structure is chosen as a symbolic representation of the input document and the patterns to recognize in it. An inexact subgraph isomorphism procedure using relaxation labeling techniques is performed. In this paper we focus on how to speed up the matching. There is a building element, the walls, characterized by a hatching pattern. Using a straight line Hough transform (SLHT)-based method, we recognize this pattern, characterized by parallel straight lines, and remove from the input graph the edges belonging to this pattern. The isomorphism is then applied to the remainder of the input graph. When all the building elements have been recognized, the document is redrawn, correcting the inaccurate strokes obtained from a hand-drawn input. |
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DAG;IAM |
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IAM @ iam @ LLM1997a |
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1566 |
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