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	Author	Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Joaquin Salas
	Title	Assessing the Influence of Mirroring on the Perception of Professional Competence using Wearable Technology			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing	Abbreviated Journal	TAC
	Volume	9	Issue	2	Pages	161-175
	Keywords	Mirroring; Nodding; Competence; Perception; Wearable Technology
	Abstract	Nonverbal communication is an intrinsic part in daily face-to-face meetings. A frequently observed behavior during social interactions is mirroring, in which one person tends to mimic the attitude of the counterpart. This paper shows that a computer vision system could be used to predict the perception of competence in dyadic interactions through the automatic detection of mirroring events. To prove our hypothesis, we developed: (1) A social assistant for mirroring detection, using a wearable device which includes a video camera and (2) an automatic classifier for the perception of competence, using the number of nodding gestures and mirroring events as predictors. For our study, we used a mixed-method approach in an experimental design where 48 participants acting as customers interacted with a confederated psychologist. We found that the number of nods or mirroring events has a significant influence on the perception of competence. Our results suggest that: (1) Customer mirroring is a better predictor than psychologist mirroring; (2) the number of psychologist’s nods is a better predictor than the number of customer’s nods; (3) except for the psychologist mirroring, the computer vision algorithm we used worked about equally well whether it was acquiring images from wearable smartglasses or fixed cameras.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	OR; 600.072;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ MTR2016			Serial	2826
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	Author	Hugo Jair Escalante; Victor Ponce; Jun Wan; Michael A. Riegler; Baiyu Chen; Albert Clapes; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Xavier Baro; Pal Halvorsen; Henning Muller; Martha Larson
	Title	ChaLearn Joint Contest on Multimedia Challenges Beyond Visual Analysis: An Overview			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper provides an overview of the Joint Contest on Multimedia Challenges Beyond Visual Analysis. We organized an academic competition that focused on four problems that require effective processing of multimodal information in order to be solved. Two tracks were devoted to gesture spotting and recognition from RGB-D video, two fundamental problems for human computer interaction. Another track was devoted to a second round of the first impressions challenge of which the goal was to develop methods to recognize personality traits from short video clips. For this second round we adopted a novel collaborative-competitive (i.e., coopetition) setting. The fourth track was dedicated to the problem of video recommendation for improving user experience. The challenge was open for about 45 days, and received outstanding participation: almost 200 participants registered to the contest, and 20 teams sent predictions in the final stage. The main goals of the challenge were fulfilled: the state of the art was advanced considerably in the four tracks, with novel solutions to the proposed problems (mostly relying on deep learning). However, further research is still required. The data of the four tracks will be available to allow researchers to keep making progress in the four tracks.
	Address	Cancun; Mexico; December 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	HuPBA; 602.143;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EPW2016			Serial	2827
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	Author	Baiyu Chen; Sergio Escalera; Isabelle Guyon; Victor Ponce; N. Shah; Marc Oliu
	Title	Overcoming Calibration Problems in Pattern Labeling with Pairwise Ratings: Application to Personality Traits			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	14th European Conference on Computer Vision Workshops	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Calibration of labels; Label bias; Ordinal labeling; Variance Models; Bradley-Terry-Luce model; Continuous labels; Regression; Personality traits; Crowd-sourced labels
	Abstract	We address the problem of calibration of workers whose task is to label patterns with continuous variables, which arises for instance in labeling images of videos of humans with continuous traits. Worker bias is particularly dicult to evaluate and correct when many workers contribute just a few labels, a situation arising typically when labeling is crowd-sourced. In the scenario of labeling short videos of people facing a camera with personality traits, we evaluate the feasibility of the pairwise ranking method to alleviate bias problems. Workers are exposed to pairs of videos at a time and must order by preference. The variable levels are reconstructed by fitting a Bradley-Terry-Luce model with maximum likelihood. This method may at first sight, seem prohibitively expensive because for N videos, p = N (N-1)/2 pairs must be potentially processed by workers rather that N videos. However, by performing extensive simulations, we determine an empirical law for the scaling of the number of pairs needed as a function of the number of videos in order to achieve a given accuracy of score reconstruction and show that the pairwise method is a ordable. We apply the method to the labeling of a large scale dataset of 10,000 videos used in the ChaLearn Apparent Personality Trait challenge.
	Address	Amsterdam; The Netherlands; October 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ECCVW
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ CEG2016			Serial	2829
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	Author	Sumit K. Banchhor; Tadashi Araki; Narendra D. Londhe; Nobutaka Ikeda; Petia Radeva; Ayman El-Baz; Luca Saba; Andrew Nicolaides; Shoaib Shafique; John R. Laird; Jasjit S. Suri
	Title	Five multiresolution-based calcium volume measurement techniques from coronary IVUS videos: A comparative approach			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine	Abbreviated Journal	CMPB
	Volume	134	Issue		Pages	237-258
	Keywords
	Abstract	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fast intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) video processing is required for calcium volume computation during the planning phase of percutaneous coronary interventional (PCI) procedures. Nonlinear multiresolution techniques are generally applied to improve the processing time by down-sampling the video frames. METHODS: This paper presents four different segmentation methods for calcium volume measurement, namely Threshold-based, Fuzzy c-Means (FCM), K-means, and Hidden Markov Random Field (HMRF) embedded with five different kinds of multiresolution techniques (bilinear, bicubic, wavelet, Lanczos, and Gaussian pyramid). This leads to 20 different kinds of combinations. IVUS image data sets consisting of 38,760 IVUS frames taken from 19 patients were collected using 40 MHz IVUS catheter (Atlantis® SR Pro, Boston Scientific®, pullback speed of 0.5 mm/sec.). The performance of these 20 systems is compared with and without multiresolution using the following metrics: (a) computational time; (b) calcium volume; (c) image quality degradation ratio; and (d) quality assessment ratio. RESULTS: Among the four segmentation methods embedded with five kinds of multiresolution techniques, FCM segmentation combined with wavelet-based multiresolution gave the best performance. FCM and wavelet experienced the highest percentage mean improvement in computational time of 77.15% and 74.07%, respectively. Wavelet interpolation experiences the highest mean precision-of-merit (PoM) of 94.06 ± 3.64% and 81.34 ± 16.29% as compared to other multiresolution techniques for volume level and frame level respectively. Wavelet multiresolution technique also experiences the highest Jaccard Index and Dice Similarity of 0.7 and 0.8, respectively. Multiresolution is a nonlinear operation which introduces bias and thus degrades the image. The proposed system also provides a bias correction approach to enrich the system, giving a better mean calcium volume similarity for all the multiresolution-based segmentation methods. After including the bias correction, bicubic interpolation gives the largest increase in mean calcium volume similarity of 4.13% compared to the rest of the multiresolution techniques. The system is automated and can be adapted in clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the time improvement in calcium volume computation without compromising the quality of IVUS image. Among the 20 different combinations of multiresolution with calcium volume segmentation methods, the FCM embedded with wavelet-based multiresolution gave the best performance.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	MILAB;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ BAL2016			Serial	2830
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	Author	Petia Radeva
	Title	Can Deep Learning and Egocentric Vision for Visual Lifelogging Help Us Eat Better?			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	19th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Barcelona; October 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CCIA
	Notes	MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ Rad2016			Serial	2832
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	Author	Alvaro Peris; Marc Bolaños; Petia Radeva; Francisco Casacuberta
	Title	Video Description Using Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	25th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	3-11
	Keywords	Video description; Neural Machine Translation; Birectional Recurrent Neural Networks; LSTM; Convolutional Neural Networks
	Abstract	Although traditionally used in the machine translation field, the encoder-decoder framework has been recently applied for the generation of video and image descriptions. The combination of Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks in these models has proven to outperform the previous state of the art, obtaining more accurate video descriptions. In this work we propose pushing further this model by introducing two contributions into the encoding stage. First, producing richer image representations by combining object and location information from Convolutional Neural Networks and second, introducing Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks for capturing both forward and backward temporal relationships in the input frames.
	Address	Barcelona; September 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICANN
	Notes	MILAB;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ PBR2016			Serial	2833
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	Author	Marc Bolaños; Petia Radeva
	Title	Simultaneous Food Localization and Recognition			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	CoRR abs/1604.07953 The development of automatic nutrition diaries, which would allow to keep track objectively of everything we eat, could enable a whole new world of possibilities for people concerned about their nutrition patterns. With this purpose, in this paper we propose the first method for simultaneous food localization and recognition. Our method is based on two main steps, which consist in, first, produce a food activation map on the input image (i.e. heat map of probabilities) for generating bounding boxes proposals and, second, recognize each of the food types or food-related objects present in each bounding box. We demonstrate that our proposal, compared to the most similar problem nowadays – object localization, is able to obtain high precision and reasonable recall levels with only a few bounding boxes. Furthermore, we show that it is applicable to both conventional and egocentric images.
	Address	Cancun; Mexico; December 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	MILAB; no proj			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ BoR2016			Serial	2834
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	Author	Maedeh Aghaei; Mariella Dimiccoli; Petia Radeva
	Title	With Whom Do I Interact? Detecting Social Interactions in Egocentric Photo-streams			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Given a user wearing a low frame rate wearable camera during a day, this work aims to automatically detect the moments when the user gets engaged into a social interaction solely by reviewing the automatically captured photos by the worn camera. The proposed method, inspired by the sociological concept of F-formation, exploits distance and orientation of the appearing individuals -with respect to the user- in the scene from a bird-view perspective. As a result, the interaction pattern over the sequence can be understood as a two-dimensional time series that corresponds to the temporal evolution of the distance and orientation features over time. A Long-Short Term Memory-based Recurrent Neural Network is then trained to classify each time series. Experimental evaluation over a dataset of 30.000 images has shown promising results on the proposed method for social interaction detection in egocentric photo-streams.
	Address	Cancun; Mexico; December 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPR
	Notes	MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ ADR2016d			Serial	2835
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	Author	Santiago Segui; Michal Drozdzal; Guillem Pascual; Petia Radeva; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Jordi Vitria
	Title	Generic Feature Learning for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Analysis			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	Computers in Biology and Medicine	Abbreviated Journal	CBM
	Volume	79	Issue		Pages	163-172
	Keywords	Wireless capsule endoscopy; Deep learning; Feature learning; Motility analysis
	Abstract	The interpretation and analysis of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) recordings is a complex task which requires sophisticated computer aided decision (CAD) systems to help physicians with video screening and, finally, with the diagnosis. Most CAD systems used in capsule endoscopy share a common system design, but use very different image and video representations. As a result, each time a new clinical application of WCE appears, a new CAD system has to be designed from the scratch. This makes the design of new CAD systems very time consuming. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a system for small intestine motility characterization, based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, which circumvents the laborious step of designing specific features for individual motility events. Experimental results show the superiority of the learned features over alternative classifiers constructed using state-of-the-art handcrafted features. In particular, it reaches a mean classification accuracy of 96% for six intestinal motility events, outperforming the other classifiers by a large margin (a 14% relative performance increase).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	OR; MILAB;MV;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ SDP2016			Serial	2836
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	Author	Pedro Herruzo; Marc Bolaños; Petia Radeva
	Title	Can a CNN Recognize Catalan Diet?			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2016	Publication	AIP Conference Proceedings	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1773	Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	CoRR abs/1607.08811 Nowadays, we can find several diseases related to the unhealthy diet habits of the population, such as diabetes, obesity, anemia, bulimia and anorexia. In many cases, these diseases are related to the food consumption of people. Mediterranean diet is scientifically known as a healthy diet that helps to prevent many metabolic diseases. In particular, our work focuses on the recognition of Mediterranean food and dishes. The development of this methodology would allow to analise the daily habits of users with wearable cameras, within the topic of lifelogging. By using automatic mechanisms we could build an objective tool for the analysis of the patient’s behavior, allowing specialists to discover unhealthy food patterns and understand the user’s lifestyle. With the aim to automatically recognize a complete diet, we introduce a challenging multi-labeled dataset related to Mediter-ranean diet called FoodCAT. The first type of label provided consists of 115 food classes with an average of 400 images per dish, and the second one consists of 12 food categories with an average of 3800 pictures per class. This dataset will serve as a basis for the development of automatic diet recognition. In this context, deep learning and more specifically, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), currently are state-of-the-art methods for automatic food recognition. In our work, we compare several architectures for image classification, with the purpose of diet recognition. Applying the best model for recognising food categories, we achieve a top-1 accuracy of 72.29%, and top-5 of 97.07%. In a complete diet recognition of dishes from Mediterranean diet, enlarged with the Food-101 dataset for international dishes recognition, we achieve a top-1 accuracy of 68.07%, and top-5 of 89.53%, for a total of 115+101 food classes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ HBR2016			Serial	2837
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	Author	Fatemeh Noroozi; Marina Marjanovic; Angelina Njegus; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari
	Title	Fusion of Classifier Predictions for Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition Workshops	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	In this paper is presented a novel multimodal emotion recognition system which is based on the analysis of audio and visual cues. MFCC-based features are extracted from the audio channel and facial landmark geometric relations are computed from visual data. Both sets of features are learnt separately using state-of-the-art classifiers. In addition, we summarise each emotion video into a reduced set of key-frames, which are learnt in order to visually discriminate emotions by means of a Convolutional Neural Network. Finally, confidence outputs of all classifiers from all modalities are used to define a new feature space to be learnt for final emotion prediction, in a late fusion/stacking fashion. The conducted experiments on eNTERFACE’05 database show significant performance improvements of our proposed system in comparison to state-of-the-art approaches.
	Address	Cancun; Mexico; December 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICPRW
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ NMN2016			Serial	2839
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	Author	Iiris Lusi; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari
	Title	SASE: RGB-Depth Database for Human Head Pose Estimation			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	14th European Conference on Computer Vision Workshops	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Slides
	Address	Amsterdam; The Netherlands; October 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ECCVW
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB;			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ LEA2016a			Serial	2840
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	Author	Mikkel Thogersen; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Thomas B. Moeslund
	Title	Segmentation of RGB-D Indoor scenes by Stacking Random Forests and Conditional Random Fields			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	Pattern Recognition Letters	Abbreviated Journal	PRL
	Volume	80	Issue		Pages	208–215
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper proposes a technique for RGB-D scene segmentation using Multi-class Multi-scale Stacked Sequential Learning (MMSSL) paradigm. Following recent trends in state-of-the-art, a base classifier uses an initial SLIC segmentation to obtain superpixels which provide a diminution of data while retaining object boundaries. A series of color and depth features are extracted from the superpixels, and are used in a Conditional Random Field (CRF) to predict superpixel labels. Furthermore, a Random Forest (RF) classifier using random offset features is also used as an input to the CRF, acting as an initial prediction. As a stacked classifier, another Random Forest is used acting on a spatial multi-scale decomposition of the CRF confidence map to correct the erroneous labels assigned by the previous classifier. The model is tested on the popular NYU-v2 dataset. The approach shows that simple multi-modal features with the power of the MMSSL paradigm can achieve better performance than state of the art results on the same dataset.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	HuPBA; ISE;MILAB; 600.098; 600.119			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ TEG2016			Serial	2843
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	Author	Pejman Rasti; Tonis Uiboupin; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari
	Title	Convolutional Neural Network Super Resolution for Face Recognition in Surveillance Monitoring			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	9th Conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Palma de Mallorca; Spain; July 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	AMDO
	Notes	HuPBA;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ RUE2016			Serial	2846
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	Author	Dennis H. Lundtoft; Kamal Nasrollahi; Thomas B. Moeslund; Sergio Escalera
	Title	Spatiotemporal Facial Super-Pixels for Pain Detection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	9th Conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Facial images; Super-pixels; Spatiotemporal filters; Pain detection
	Abstract	Best student paper award. Pain detection using facial images is of critical importance in many Health applications. Since pain is a spatiotemporal process, recent works on this topic employ facial spatiotemporal features to detect pain. These systems extract such features from the entire area of the face. In this paper, we show that by employing super-pixels we can divide the face into three regions, in a way that only one of these regions (about one third of the face) contributes to the pain estimation and the other two regions can be discarded. The experimental results on the UNBCMcMaster database show that the proposed system using this single region outperforms state-of-the-art systems in detecting no-pain scenarios, while it reaches comparable results in detecting weak and severe pain scenarios.
	Address	Palma de Mallorca; Spain; July 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	AMDO
	Notes	HUPBA;MILAB			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ LNM2016			Serial	2847
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