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| Author | Bogdan Raducanu; Fadi Dornaika | ||||
| Title | Texture-independent recognition of facial expressions in image snapshots and videos | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Machine Vision and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MVA |
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24 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 811-820 |
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| Abstract | This paper addresses the static and dynamic recognition of basic facial expressions. It has two main contributions. First, we introduce a view- and texture-independent scheme that exploits facial action parameters estimated by an appearance-based 3D face tracker. We represent the learned facial actions associated with different facial expressions by time series. Second, we compare this dynamic scheme with a static one based on analyzing individual snapshots and show that the former performs better than the latter. We provide evaluations of performance using three subspace learning techniques: linear discriminant analysis, non-parametric discriminant analysis and support vector machines. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer-Verlag | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0932-8092 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | OR; 600.046; 605.203;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RaD2013 | Serial | 2230 | ||
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| Author | Sergio Vera; Debora Gil; Agnes Borras; Marius George Linguraru; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester | ||||
| Title | Geometric Steerable Medial Maps | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Machine Vision and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MVA |
| Volume |
24 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1255-1266 |
| Keywords | Medial Representations ,Medial Manifolds Comparation , Surface , Reconstruction | ||||
| Abstract | In order to provide more intuitive and easily interpretable representations of complex shapes/organs, medial manifolds should reach a compromise between simplicity in geometry and capability for restoring the anatomy/shape of the organ/volume. Existing morphological methods show excellent results when applied to 2D objects, but their quality drops across dimensions.
This paper contributes to the computation of medial manifolds in two aspects. First, we provide a standard scheme for the computation of medial manifolds that avoids degenerated medial axis segments. Second, we introduce a continuous operator for accurate and efficient computation of medial structures of arbitrary dimension. We evaluate quantitatively the performance of our method with respect to existing approaches, by applying them to syn- thetic shapes of known medial geometry. We also show its higher performance for medical imaging applications in terms of simplicity of medial structures and capability for reconstructing the anatomical volume. |
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| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | Mubarak Shah | |
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| ISSN | 0932-8092 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | IAM; 605.203; 600.060; 600.044 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ VGB2013 | Serial | 2192 | ||
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| Author | Fadi Dornaika; Abdelmalik Moujahid; Bogdan Raducanu | ||||
| Title | Facial expression recognition using tracked facial actions: Classifier performance analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | EAAI |
| Volume |
26 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 467-477 |
| Keywords | Visual face tracking; 3D deformable models; Facial actions; Dynamic facial expression recognition; Human–computer interaction | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, we address the analysis and recognition of facial expressions in continuous videos. More precisely, we study classifiers performance that exploit head pose independent temporal facial action parameters. These are provided by an appearance-based 3D face tracker that simultaneously provides the 3D head pose and facial actions. The use of such tracker makes the recognition pose- and texture-independent. Two different schemes are studied. The first scheme adopts a dynamic time warping technique for recognizing expressions where training data are given by temporal signatures associated with different universal facial expressions. The second scheme models temporal signatures associated with facial actions with fixed length feature vectors (observations), and uses some machine learning algorithms in order to recognize the displayed expression. Experiments quantified the performance of different schemes. These were carried out on CMU video sequences and home-made video sequences. The results show that the use of dimension reduction techniques on the extracted time series can improve the classification performance. Moreover, these experiments show that the best recognition rate can be above 90%. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | OR; 600.046;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DMR2013 | Serial | 2185 | ||
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| Author | Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Horst Bunke | ||||
| Title | Embedding of Graphs with Discrete Attributes Via Label Frequencies | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | IJPRAI |
| Volume |
27 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1360002-1360029 |
| Keywords | Discrete attributed graphs; graph embedding; graph classification | ||||
| Abstract | Graph-based representations of patterns are very flexible and powerful, but they are not easily processed due to the lack of learning algorithms in the domain of graphs. Embedding a graph into a vector space solves this problem since graphs are turned into feature vectors and thus all the statistical learning machinery becomes available for graph input patterns. In this work we present a new way of embedding discrete attributed graphs into vector spaces using node and edge label frequencies. The methodology is experimentally tested on graph classification problems, using patterns of different nature, and it is shown to be competitive to state-of-the-art classification algorithms for graphs, while being computationally much more efficient. | ||||
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| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GVB2013 | Serial | 2305 | ||
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| Author | Santiago Segui; Laura Igual; Jordi Vitria | ||||
| Title | Bagged One Class Classifiers in the Presence of Outliers | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | IJPRAI |
| Volume |
27 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1350014-1350035 |
| Keywords | One-class Classifier; Ensemble Methods; Bagging and Outliers | ||||
| Abstract | The problem of training classifiers only with target data arises in many applications where non-target data are too costly, difficult to obtain, or not available at all. Several one-class classification methods have been presented to solve this problem, but most of the methods are highly sensitive to the presence of outliers in the target class. Ensemble methods have therefore been proposed as a powerful way to improve the classification performance of binary/multi-class learning algorithms by introducing diversity into classifiers.
However, their application to one-class classification has been rather limited. In this paper, we present a new ensemble method based on a non-parametric weighted bagging strategy for one-class classification, to improve accuracy in the presence of outliers. While the standard bagging strategy assumes a uniform data distribution, the method we propose here estimates a probability density based on a forest structure of the data. This assumption allows the estimation of data distribution from the computation of simple univariate and bivariate kernel densities. Experiments using original and noisy versions of 20 different datasets show that bagging ensemble methods applied to different one-class classifiers outperform base one-class classification methods. Moreover, we show that, in noisy versions of the datasets, the non-parametric weighted bagging strategy we propose outperforms the classical bagging strategy in a statistically significant way. |
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| Notes | OR; 600.046;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SIV2013 | Serial | 2256 | ||
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| Author | Bhaskar Chakraborty; Andrew Bagdanov; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Roca | ||||
| Title | Human Action Recognition Using an Ensemble of Body-Part Detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Expert Systems | Abbreviated Journal | EXSY |
| Volume |
30 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 101-114 |
| Keywords | Human action recognition;body-part detection;hidden Markov model | ||||
| Abstract | This paper describes an approach to human action recognition based on a probabilistic optimization model of body parts using hidden Markov model (HMM). Our method is able to distinguish between similar actions by only considering the body parts having major contribution to the actions, for example, legs for walking, jogging and running; arms for boxing, waving and clapping. We apply HMMs to model the stochastic movement of the body parts for action recognition. The HMM construction uses an ensemble of body-part detectors, followed by grouping of part detections, to perform human identification. Three example-based body-part detectors are trained to detect three components of the human body: the head, legs and arms. These detectors cope with viewpoint changes and self-occlusions through the use of ten sub-classifiers that detect body parts over a specific range of viewpoints. Each sub-classifier is a support vector machine trained on features selected for the discriminative power for each particular part/viewpoint combination. Grouping of these detections is performed using a simple geometric constraint model that yields a viewpoint-invariant human detector. We test our approach on three publicly available action datasets: the KTH dataset, Weizmann dataset and HumanEva dataset. Our results illustrate that with a simple and compact representation we can achieve robust recognition of human actions comparable to the most complex, state-of-the-art methods. | ||||
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| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CBG2013 | Serial | 1809 | ||
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| Author | Francisco Javier Orozco; Ognjen Rudovic; Jordi Gonzalez; Maja Pantic | ||||
| Title | Hierarchical On-line Appearance-Based Tracking for 3D Head Pose, Eyebrows, Lips, Eyelids and Irises | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Image and Vision Computing | Abbreviated Journal | IMAVIS |
| Volume |
31 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 322-340 |
| Keywords | On-line appearance models; Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm; Line-search optimization; 3D face tracking; Facial action tracking; Eyelid tracking; Iris tracking | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose an On-line Appearance-Based Tracker (OABT) for simultaneous tracking of 3D head pose, lips, eyebrows, eyelids and irises in monocular video sequences. In contrast to previously proposed tracking approaches, which deal with face and gaze tracking separately, our OABT can also be used for eyelid and iris tracking, as well as 3D head pose, lips and eyebrows facial actions tracking. Furthermore, our approach applies an on-line learning of changes in the appearance of the tracked target. Hence, the prior training of appearance models, which usually requires a large amount of labeled facial images, is avoided. Moreover, the proposed method is built upon a hierarchical combination of three OABTs, which are optimized using a Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) enhanced with line-search procedures. This, in turn, makes the proposed method robust to changes in lighting conditions, occlusions and translucent textures, as evidenced by our experiments. Finally, the proposed method achieves head and facial actions tracking in real-time. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | ISE; 605.203; 302.012; 302.018; 600.049 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ORG2013 | Serial | 2221 | ||
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| Author | S.Grau; Ana Puig; Sergio Escalera; Maria Salamo | ||||
| Title | Intelligent Interactive Volume Classification | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Pacific Graphics | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
32 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 23-28 |
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| Abstract | This paper defines an intelligent and interactive framework to classify multiple regions of interest from the original data on demand, without requiring any preprocessing or previous segmentation. The proposed intelligent and interactive approach is divided in three stages: visualize, training and testing. First, users visualize and label some samples directly on slices of the volume. Training and testing are based on a framework of Error Correcting Output Codes and Adaboost classifiers that learn to classify each region the user has painted. Later, at the testing stage, each classifier is directly applied on the rest of samples and combined to perform multi-class labeling, being used in the final rendering. We also parallelized the training stage using a GPU-based implementation for
obtaining a rapid interaction and classification. |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-905674-50-7 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | PG | ||
| Notes | HuPBA; 600.046;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GPE2013b | Serial | 2355 | ||
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| Author | Albert Clapes; Miguel Reyes; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Multi-modal User Identification and Object Recognition Surveillance System | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
| Volume |
34 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 799-808 |
| Keywords | Multi-modal RGB-Depth data analysis; User identification; Object recognition; Intelligent surveillance; Visual features; Statistical learning | ||||
| Abstract | We propose an automatic surveillance system for user identification and object recognition based on multi-modal RGB-Depth data analysis. We model a RGBD environment learning a pixel-based background Gaussian distribution. Then, user and object candidate regions are detected and recognized using robust statistical approaches. The system robustly recognizes users and updates the system in an online way, identifying and detecting new actors in the scene. Moreover, segmented objects are described, matched, recognized, and updated online using view-point 3D descriptions, being robust to partial occlusions and local 3D viewpoint rotations. Finally, the system saves the historic of user–object assignments, being specially useful for surveillance scenarios. The system has been evaluated on a novel data set containing different indoor/outdoor scenarios, objects, and users, showing accurate recognition and better performance than standard state-of-the-art approaches. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | HUPBA; 600.046; 605.203;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CRE2013 | Serial | 2248 | ||
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| Author | Fernando Barrera; Felipe Lumbreras; Angel Sappa | ||||
| Title | Multispectral Piecewise Planar Stereo using Manhattan-World Assumption | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
| Volume |
34 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 52-61 |
| Keywords | Multispectral stereo rig; Dense disparity maps from multispectral stereo; Color and infrared images | ||||
| Abstract | This paper proposes a new framework for extracting dense disparity maps from a multispectral stereo rig. The system is constructed with an infrared and a color camera. It is intended to explore novel multispectral stereo matching approaches that will allow further extraction of semantic information. The proposed framework consists of three stages. Firstly, an initial sparse disparity map is generated by using a cost function based on feature matching in a multiresolution scheme. Then, by looking at the color image, a set of planar hypotheses is defined to describe the surfaces on the scene. Finally, the previous stages are combined by reformulating the disparity computation as a global minimization problem. The paper has two main contributions. The first contribution combines mutual information with a shape descriptor based on gradient in a multiresolution scheme. The second contribution, which is based on the Manhattan-world assumption, extracts a dense disparity representation using the graph cut algorithm. Experimental results in outdoor scenarios are provided showing the validity of the proposed framework. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.054; 600.055; 605.203 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BLS2013 | Serial | 2245 | ||
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| Author | Naila Murray; Maria Vanrell; Xavier Otazu; C. Alejandro Parraga | ||||
| Title | Low-level SpatioChromatic Grouping for Saliency Estimation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | TPAMI |
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35 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 2810-2816 |
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| Abstract | We propose a saliency model termed SIM (saliency by induction mechanisms), which is based on a low-level spatiochromatic model that has successfully predicted chromatic induction phenomena. In so doing, we hypothesize that the low-level visual mechanisms that enhance or suppress image detail are also responsible for making some image regions more salient. Moreover, SIM adds geometrical grouplets to enhance complex low-level features such as corners, and suppress relatively simpler features such as edges. Since our model has been fitted on psychophysical chromatic induction data, it is largely nonparametric. SIM outperforms state-of-the-art methods in predicting eye fixations on two datasets and using two metrics. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0162-8828 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | CIC; 600.051; 600.052; 605.203 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MVO2013 | Serial | 2289 | ||
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| Author | Mariella Dimiccoli; Benoît Girard; Alain Berthoz; Daniel Bennequin | ||||
| Title | Striola Magica: a functional explanation of otolith organs | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Computational Neuroscience | Abbreviated Journal | JCN |
| Volume |
35 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 125-154 |
| Keywords | Otolith organs ;Striola; Vestibular pathway | ||||
| Abstract | Otolith end organs of vertebrates sense linear accelerations of the head and gravitation. The hair cells on their epithelia are responsible for transduction. In mammals, the striola, parallel to the line where hair cells reverse their polarization, is a narrow region centered on a curve with curvature and torsion. It has been shown that the striolar region is functionally different from the rest, being involved in a phasic vestibular pathway. We propose a mathematical and computational model that explains the necessity of this amazing geometry for the striola to be able to carry out its function. Our hypothesis, related to the biophysics of the hair cells and to the physiology of their afferent neurons, is that striolar afferents collect information from several type I hair cells to detect the jerk in a large domain of acceleration directions. This predicts a mean number of two calyces for afferent neurons, as measured in rodents. The domain of acceleration directions sensed by our striolar model is compatible with the experimental results obtained on monkeys considering all afferents. Therefore, the main result of our study is that phasic and tonic vestibular afferents cover the same geometrical fields, but at different dynamical and frequency domains. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer US | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1573-6873. 2013 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @DBG2013 | Serial | 2787 | ||
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| Author | Laura Igual; Agata Lapedriza; Ricard Borras | ||||
| Title | Robust Gait-Based Gender Classification using Depth Cameras | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing | Abbreviated Journal | EURASIPJ |
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37 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 72-80 |
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| Abstract | This article presents a new approach for gait-based gender recognition using depth cameras, that can run in real time. The main contribution of this study is a new fast feature extraction strategy that uses the 3D point cloud obtained from the frames in a gait cycle. For each frame, these points are aligned according to their centroid and grouped. After that, they are projected into their PCA plane, obtaining a representation of the cycle particularly robust against view changes. Then, final discriminative features are computed by first making a histogram of the projected points and then using linear discriminant analysis. To test the method we have used the DGait database, which is currently the only publicly available database for gait analysis that includes depth information. We have performed experiments on manually labeled cycles and over whole video sequences, and the results show that our method improves the accuracy significantly, compared with state-of-the-art systems which do not use depth information. Furthermore, our approach is insensitive to illumination changes, given that it discards the RGB information. That makes the method especially suitable for real applications, as illustrated in the last part of the experiments section. | ||||
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| Notes | MILAB; OR;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ ILB2013 | Serial | 2144 | ||
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| Author | Michal Drozdzal; Santiago Segui; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Adaptable image cuts for motility inspection using WCE | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics | Abbreviated Journal | CMIG |
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37 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 72-80 |
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| Abstract | The Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) technology allows the visualization of the whole small intestine tract. Since the capsule is freely moving, mainly by the means of peristalsis, the data acquired during the study gives a lot of information about the intestinal motility. However, due to: (1) huge amount of frames, (2) complex intestinal scene appearance and (3) intestinal dynamics that make difficult the visualization of the small intestine physiological phenomena, the analysis of the WCE data requires computer-aided systems to speed up the analysis. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for building a novel representation of the WCE video data, optimal for motility analysis and inspection. The algorithm transforms the 3D video data into 2D longitudinal view by choosing the most informative, from the intestinal motility point of view, part of each frame. This step maximizes the lumen visibility in its longitudinal extension. The task of finding “the best longitudinal view” has been defined as a cost function optimization problem which global minimum is obtained by using Dynamic Programming. Validation on both synthetic data and WCE data shows that the adaptive longitudinal view is a good alternative to the traditional motility analysis done by video analysis. The proposed novel data representation a new, holistic insight into the small intestine motility, allowing to easily define and analyze motility events that are difficult to spot by analyzing WCE video. Moreover, the visual inspection of small intestine motility is 4 times faster then by means of video skimming of the WCE. | ||||
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| Notes | MILAB; OR; 600.046; 605.203 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DSM2012 | Serial | 2151 | ||
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| Author | Kaida Xiao; Chenyang Fu; D.Mylonas; Dimosthenis Karatzas; S. Wuerger | ||||
| Title | Unique Hue Data for Colour Appearance Models. Part ii: Chromatic Adaptation Transform | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Color Research & Application | Abbreviated Journal | CRA |
| Volume |
38 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 22-29 |
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| Abstract | Unique hue settings of 185 observers under three room-lighting conditions were used to evaluate the accuracy of full and mixed chromatic adaptation transform models of CIECAM02 in terms of unique hue reproduction. Perceptual hue shifts in CIECAM02 were evaluated for both models with no clear difference using the current Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) recommendation for mixed chromatic adaptation ratio. Using our large dataset of unique hue data as a benchmark, an optimised parameter is proposed for chromatic adaptation under mixed illumination conditions that produces more accurate results in unique hue reproduction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2013 | ||||
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| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ XFM2013 | Serial | 1822 | ||
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