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| Author | Xim Cerda-Company; Olivier Penacchio; Xavier Otazu | ||||
| Title | Chromatic Induction in Migraine | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | VISION | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 37 |
| Keywords | migraine; vision; colour; colour perception; chromatic induction; psychophysics | ||||
| Abstract | The human visual system is not a colorimeter. The perceived colour of a region does not only depend on its colour spectrum, but also on the colour spectra and geometric arrangement of neighbouring regions, a phenomenon called chromatic induction. Chromatic induction is thought to be driven by lateral interactions: the activity of a central neuron is modified by stimuli outside its classical receptive field through excitatory–inhibitory mechanisms. As there is growing evidence of an excitation/inhibition imbalance in migraine, we compared chromatic induction in migraine and control groups. As hypothesised, we found a difference in the strength of induction between the two groups, with stronger induction effects in migraine. On the other hand, given the increased prevalence of visual phenomena in migraine with aura, we also hypothesised that the difference between migraine and control would be more important in migraine with aura than in migraine without aura. Our experiments did not support this hypothesis. Taken together, our results suggest a link between excitation/inhibition imbalance and increased induction effects. | ||||
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| Notes | NEUROBIT; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CPO2021 | Serial | 3589 | ||
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| Author | Jose Luis Gomez; Gabriel Villalonga; Antonio Lopez | ||||
| Title | Co-Training for Deep Object Detection: Comparing Single-Modal and Multi-Modal Approaches | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Sensors | Abbreviated Journal | SENS |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 3185 |
| Keywords | co-training; multi-modality; vision-based object detection; ADAS; self-driving | ||||
| Abstract | Top-performing computer vision models are powered by convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Training an accurate CNN highly depends on both the raw sensor data and their associated ground truth (GT). Collecting such GT is usually done through human labeling, which is time-consuming and does not scale as we wish. This data-labeling bottleneck may be intensified due to domain shifts among image sensors, which could force per-sensor data labeling. In this paper, we focus on the use of co-training, a semi-supervised learning (SSL) method, for obtaining self-labeled object bounding boxes (BBs), i.e., the GT to train deep object detectors. In particular, we assess the goodness of multi-modal co-training by relying on two different views of an image, namely, appearance (RGB) and estimated depth (D). Moreover, we compare appearance-based single-modal co-training with multi-modal. Our results suggest that in a standard SSL setting (no domain shift, a few human-labeled data) and under virtual-to-real domain shift (many virtual-world labeled data, no human-labeled data) multi-modal co-training outperforms single-modal. In the latter case, by performing GAN-based domain translation both co-training modalities are on par, at least when using an off-the-shelf depth estimation model not specifically trained on the translated images. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.118 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GVL2021 | Serial | 3562 | ||
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| Author | Angel Morera; Angel Sanchez; A. Belen Moreno; Angel Sappa; Jose F. Velez | ||||
| Title | SSD vs. YOLO for Detection of Outdoor Urban Advertising Panels under Multiple Variabilities | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Sensors | Abbreviated Journal | SENS |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 16 | Pages | 4587 |
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| Abstract | This work compares Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) deep neural networks for the outdoor advertisement panel detection problem by handling multiple and combined variabilities in the scenes. Publicity panel detection in images offers important advantages both in the real world as well as in the virtual one. For example, applications like Google Street View can be used for Internet publicity and when detecting these ads panels in images, it could be possible to replace the publicity appearing inside the panels by another from a funding company. In our experiments, both SSD and YOLO detectors have produced acceptable results under variable sizes of panels, illumination conditions, viewing perspectives, partial occlusion of panels, complex background and multiple panels in scenes. Due to the difficulty of finding annotated images for the considered problem, we created our own dataset for conducting the experiments. The major strength of the SSD model was the almost elimination of False Positive (FP) cases, situation that is preferable when the publicity contained inside the panel is analyzed after detecting them. On the other side, YOLO produced better panel localization results detecting a higher number of True Positive (TP) panels with a higher accuracy. Finally, a comparison of the two analyzed object detection models with different types of semantic segmentation networks and using the same evaluation metrics is also included. | ||||
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| Notes | MSIAU; 600.130; 601.349; 600.122 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MSM2020 | Serial | 3452 | ||
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| Author | Xavier Soria; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud | ||||
| Title | Wide-Band Color Imagery Restoration for RGB-NIR Single Sensor Images | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Sensors | Abbreviated Journal | SENS |
| Volume | 18 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 2059 |
| Keywords | RGB-NIR sensor; multispectral imaging; deep learning; CNNs | ||||
| Abstract | Multi-spectral RGB-NIR sensors have become ubiquitous in recent years. These sensors allow the visible and near-infrared spectral bands of a given scene to be captured at the same time. With such cameras, the acquired imagery has a compromised RGB color representation due to near-infrared bands (700–1100 nm) cross-talking with the visible bands (400–700 nm).
This paper proposes two deep learning-based architectures to recover the full RGB color images, thus removing the NIR information from the visible bands. The proposed approaches directly restore the high-resolution RGB image by means of convolutional neural networks. They are evaluated with several outdoor images; both architectures reach a similar performance when evaluated in different scenarios and using different similarity metrics. Both of them improve the state of the art approaches. |
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| Notes | ADAS; MSIAU; 600.086; 600.130; 600.122; 600.118 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SSH2018 | Serial | 3145 | ||
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| Author | Wenjuan Gong; Xuena Zhang; Jordi Gonzalez; Andrews Sobral; Thierry Bouwmans; Changhe Tu; El-hadi Zahzah | ||||
| Title | Human Pose Estimation from Monocular Images: A Comprehensive Survey | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Sensors | Abbreviated Journal | SENS |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 1966 |
| Keywords | human pose estimation; human bodymodels; generativemethods; discriminativemethods; top-down methods; bottom-up methods | ||||
| Abstract | Human pose estimation refers to the estimation of the location of body parts and how they are connected in an image. Human pose estimation from monocular images has wide applications (e.g., image indexing). Several surveys on human pose estimation can be found in the literature, but they focus on a certain category; for example, model-based approaches or human motion analysis, etc. As far as we know, an overall review of this problem domain has yet to be provided. Furthermore, recent advancements based on deep learning have brought novel algorithms for this problem. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of human pose estimation from monocular images is carried out including milestone works and recent advancements. Based on one standard pipeline for the solution of computer vision problems, this survey splits the problem into several modules: feature extraction and description, human body models, and modeling
methods. Problem modeling methods are approached based on two means of categorization in this survey. One way to categorize includes top-down and bottom-up methods, and another way includes generative and discriminative methods. Considering the fact that one direct application of human pose estimation is to provide initialization for automatic video surveillance, there are additional sections for motion-related methods in all modules: motion features, motion models, and motion-based methods. Finally, the paper also collects 26 publicly available data sets for validation and provides error measurement methods that are frequently used. |
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| Notes | ISE; 600.098; 600.119 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GZG2016 | Serial | 2933 | ||
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| Author | Javier Marin; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | SSSGAN: Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Networks | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 3984 |
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| Abstract | This work presents Satellite Style and Structure Generative Adversarial Network (SSGAN), a generative model of high resolution satellite imagery to support image segmentation. Based on spatially adaptive denormalization modules (SPADE) that modulate the activations with respect to segmentation map structure, in addition to global descriptor vectors that capture the semantic information in a vector with respect to Open Street Maps (OSM) classes, this model is able to produce
consistent aerial imagery. By decoupling the generation of aerial images into a structure map and a carefully defined style vector, we were able to improve the realism and geodiversity of the synthesis with respect to the state-of-the-art baseline. Therefore, the proposed model allows us to control the generation not only with respect to the desired structure, but also with respect to a geographic area. |
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MaE2021 | Serial | 3651 | ||
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| Author | Wenwen Fu; Zhihong An; Wendong Huang; Haoran Sun; Wenjuan Gong; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | A Spatio-Temporal Spotting Network with Sliding Windows for Micro-Expression Detection | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Electronics | Abbreviated Journal | ELEC |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 18 | Pages | 3947 |
| Keywords | micro-expression spotting; sliding window; key frame extraction | ||||
| Abstract | Micro-expressions reveal underlying emotions and are widely applied in political psychology, lie detection, law enforcement and medical care. Micro-expression spotting aims to detect the temporal locations of facial expressions from video sequences and is a crucial task in micro-expression recognition. In this study, the problem of micro-expression spotting is formulated as micro-expression classification per frame. We propose an effective spotting model with sliding windows called the spatio-temporal spotting network. The method involves a sliding window detection mechanism, combines the spatial features from the local key frames and the global temporal features and performs micro-expression spotting. The experiments are conducted on the CAS(ME)2 database and the SAMM Long Videos database, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art method by 30.58% for the CAS(ME)2 and 23.98% for the SAMM Long Videos according to overall F-scores. | ||||
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| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FAH2023 | Serial | 3864 | ||
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| Author | Dorota Kaminska; Kadir Aktas; Davit Rizhinashvili; Danila Kuklyanov; Abdallah Hussein Sham; Sergio Escalera; Kamal Nasrollahi; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | Two-stage Recognition and Beyond for Compound Facial Emotion Recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Electronics | Abbreviated Journal | ELEC |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 2847 |
| Keywords | compound emotion recognition; facial expression recognition; dominant and complementary emotion recognition; deep learning | ||||
| Abstract | Facial emotion recognition is an inherently complex problem due to individual diversity in facial features and racial and cultural differences. Moreover, facial expressions typically reflect the mixture of people’s emotional statuses, which can be expressed using compound emotions. Compound facial emotion recognition makes the problem even more difficult because the discrimination between dominant and complementary emotions is usually weak. We have created a database that includes 31,250 facial images with different emotions of 115 subjects whose gender distribution is almost uniform to address compound emotion recognition. In addition, we have organized a competition based on the proposed dataset, held at FG workshop 2020. This paper analyzes the winner’s approach—a two-stage recognition method (1st stage, coarse recognition; 2nd stage, fine recognition), which enhances the classification of symmetrical emotion labels. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ KAR2021 | Serial | 3642 | ||
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| Author | Thomas B. Moeslund; Sergio Escalera; Gholamreza Anbarjafari; Kamal Nasrollahi; Jun Wan | ||||
| Title | Statistical Machine Learning for Human Behaviour Analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Entropy | Abbreviated Journal | ENTROPY |
| Volume | 25 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 530 |
| Keywords | action recognition; emotion recognition; privacy-aware | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MEA2020 | Serial | 3441 | ||
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| Author | Anders Skaarup Johansen; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Thomas B. Moeslund | ||||
| Title | Who Cares about the Weather? Inferring Weather Conditions for Weather-Aware Object Detection in Thermal Images | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Applied Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | AS |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 18 | Pages | |
| Keywords | thermal; object detection; concept drift; conditioning; weather recognition | ||||
| Abstract | Deployments of real-world object detection systems often experience a degradation in performance over time due to concept drift. Systems that leverage thermal cameras are especially susceptible because the respective thermal signatures of objects and their surroundings are highly sensitive to environmental changes. In this study, two types of weather-aware latent conditioning methods are investigated. The proposed method aims to guide two object detectors, (YOLOv5 and Deformable DETR) to become weather-aware. This is achieved by leveraging an auxiliary branch that predicts weather-related information while conditioning intermediate layers of the object detector. While the conditioning methods proposed do not directly improve the accuracy of baseline detectors, it can be observed that conditioned networks manage to extract a weather-related signal from the thermal images, thus resulting in a decreased miss rate at the cost of increased false positives. The extracted signal appears noisy and is thus challenging to regress accurately. This is most likely a result of the qualitative nature of the thermal sensor; thus, further work is needed to identify an ideal method for optimizing the conditioning branch, as well as to further improve the accuracy of the system. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SNE2023 | Serial | 3983 | ||
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| Author | Olivier Penacchio; Xavier Otazu; Arnold J Wilkings; Sara M. Haigh | ||||
| Title | A mechanistic account of visual discomfort | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Frontiers in Neuroscience | Abbreviated Journal | FN |
| Volume | 17 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Much of the neural machinery of the early visual cortex, from the extraction of local orientations to contextual modulations through lateral interactions, is thought to have developed to provide a sparse encoding of contour in natural scenes, allowing the brain to process efficiently most of the visual scenes we are exposed to. Certain visual stimuli, however, cause visual stress, a set of adverse effects ranging from simple discomfort to migraine attacks, and epileptic seizures in the extreme, all phenomena linked with an excessive metabolic demand. The theory of efficient coding suggests a link between excessive metabolic demand and images that deviate from natural statistics. Yet, the mechanisms linking energy demand and image spatial content in discomfort remain elusive. Here, we used theories of visual coding that link image spatial structure and brain activation to characterize the response to images observers reported as uncomfortable in a biologically based neurodynamic model of the early visual cortex that included excitatory and inhibitory layers to implement contextual influences. We found three clear markers of aversive images: a larger overall activation in the model, a less sparse response, and a more unbalanced distribution of activity across spatial orientations. When the ratio of excitation over inhibition was increased in the model, a phenomenon hypothesised to underlie interindividual differences in susceptibility to visual discomfort, the three markers of discomfort progressively shifted toward values typical of the response to uncomfortable stimuli. Overall, these findings propose a unifying mechanistic explanation for why there are differences between images and between observers, suggesting how visual input and idiosyncratic hyperexcitability give rise to abnormal brain responses that result in visual stress. | ||||
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| Notes | NEUROBIT | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ POW2023 | Serial | 3886 | ||
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| Author | Giacomo Magnifico; Beata Megyesi; Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes | ||||
| Title | Lost in Transcription of Graphic Signs in Ciphers | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2022 | Publication | International Conference on Historical Cryptology (HistoCrypt 2022) | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 153-158 | ||
| Keywords | transcription of ciphers; hand-written text recognition of symbols; graphic signs | ||||
| Abstract | Hand-written Text Recognition techniques with the aim to automatically identify and transcribe hand-written text have been applied to historical sources including ciphers. In this paper, we compare the performance of two machine learning architectures, an unsupervised method based on clustering and a deep learning method with few-shot learning. Both models are tested on seen and unseen data from historical ciphers with different symbol sets consisting of various types of graphic signs. We compare the models and highlight their differences in performance, with their advantages and shortcomings. | ||||
| Address | Amsterdam, Netherlands, June 20-22, 2022 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | HystoCrypt | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MBS2022 | Serial | 3731 | ||
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| Author | Hassan Ahmed Sial; S. Sancho; Ramon Baldrich; Robert Benavente; Maria Vanrell | ||||
| Title | Color-based data augmentation for Reflectance Estimation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | 26th Color Imaging Conference | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 284-289 | ||
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| Abstract | Deep convolutional architectures have shown to be successful frameworks to solve generic computer vision problems. The estimation of intrinsic reflectance from single image is not a solved problem yet. Encoder-Decoder architectures are a perfect approach for pixel-wise reflectance estimation, although it usually suffers from the lack of large datasets. Lack of data can be partially solved with data augmentation, however usual techniques focus on geometric changes which does not help for reflectance estimation. In this paper we propose a color-based data augmentation technique that extends the training data by increasing the variability of chromaticity. Rotation on the red-green blue-yellow plane of an opponent space enable to increase the training set in a coherent and sound way that improves network generalization capability for reflectance estimation. We perform some experiments on the Sintel dataset showing that our color-based augmentation increase performance and overcomes one of the state-of-the-art methods. | ||||
| Address | Vancouver; November 2018 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | CIC | ||
| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SSB2018a | Serial | 3129 | ||
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| Author | Michael Teutsch; Angel Sappa; Riad I. Hammoud | ||||
| Title | Computer Vision in the Infrared Spectrum: Challenges and Approaches | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 1-138 |
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| Abstract | Human visual perception is limited to the visual-optical spectrum. Machine vision is not. Cameras sensitive to the different infrared spectra can enhance the abilities of autonomous systems and visually perceive the environment in a holistic way. Relevant scene content can be made visible especially in situations, where sensors of other modalities face issues like a visual-optical camera that needs a source of illumination. As a consequence, not only human mistakes can be avoided by increasing the level of automation, but also machine-induced errors can be reduced that, for example, could make a self-driving car crash into a pedestrian under difficult illumination conditions. Furthermore, multi-spectral sensor systems with infrared imagery as one modality are a rich source of information and can provably increase the robustness of many autonomous systems. Applications that can benefit from utilizing infrared imagery range from robotics to automotive and from biometrics to surveillance. In this book, we provide a brief yet concise introduction to the current state-of-the-art of computer vision and machine learning in the infrared spectrum. Based on various popular computer vision tasks such as image enhancement, object detection, or object tracking, we first motivate each task starting from established literature in the visual-optical spectrum. Then, we discuss the differences between processing images and videos in the visual-optical spectrum and the various infrared spectra. An overview of the current literature is provided together with an outlook for each task. Furthermore, available and annotated public datasets and common evaluation methods and metrics are presented. In a separate chapter, popular applications that can greatly benefit from the use of infrared imagery as a data source are presented and discussed. Among them are automatic target recognition, video surveillance, or biometrics including face recognition. Finally, we conclude with recommendations for well-fitting sensor setups and data processing algorithms for certain computer vision tasks. We address this book to prospective researchers and engineers new to the field but also to anyone who wants to get introduced to the challenges and the approaches of computer vision using infrared images or videos. Readers will be able to start their work directly after reading the book supported by a highly comprehensive backlog of recent and relevant literature as well as related infrared datasets including existing evaluation frameworks. Together with consistently decreasing costs for infrared cameras, new fields of application appear and make computer vision in the infrared spectrum a great opportunity to face nowadays scientific and engineering challenges. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-1636392431 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | MSIAU | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ TSH2021 | Serial | 3666 | ||
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| Author | Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Andres Mafla; Ali Furkan Biten; Alicia Fornes; Yousri Kessentini; Josep Llados; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Text-DIAE: a self-supervised degradation invariant autoencoder for text recognition and document enhancement | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 37 | Issue | 2 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Representation Learning for Vision; CV Applications; CV Language and Vision; ML Unsupervised; Self-Supervised Learning | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose a Text-Degradation Invariant Auto Encoder (Text-DIAE), a self-supervised model designed to tackle two tasks, text recognition (handwritten or scene-text) and document image enhancement. We start by employing a transformer-based architecture that incorporates three pretext tasks as learning objectives to be optimized during pre-training without the usage of labelled data. Each of the pretext objectives is specifically tailored for the final downstream tasks. We conduct several ablation experiments that confirm the design choice of the selected pretext tasks. Importantly, the proposed model does not exhibit limitations of previous state-of-the-art methods based on contrastive losses, while at the same time requiring substantially fewer data samples to converge. Finally, we demonstrate that our method surpasses the state-of-the-art in existing supervised and self-supervised settings in handwritten and scene text recognition and document image enhancement. Our code and trained models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/dali92002/SSL-OCR | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | AAAI | ||
| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SBM2023 | Serial | 3848 | ||
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