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| Author | Naveen Onkarappa; Angel Sappa | ||||
| Title | Speed and Texture: An Empirical Study on Optical-Flow Accuracy in ADAS Scenarios | Type  |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems | Abbreviated Journal | TITS |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 136-147 |
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| Abstract | IF: 3.064
Increasing mobility in everyday life has led to the concern for the safety of automotives and human life. Computer vision has become a valuable tool for developing driver assistance applications that target such a concern. Many such vision-based assisting systems rely on motion estimation, where optical flow has shown its potential. A variational formulation of optical flow that achieves a dense flow field involves a data term and regularization terms. Depending on the image sequence, the regularization has to appropriately be weighted for better accuracy of the flow field. Because a vehicle can be driven in different kinds of environments, roads, and speeds, optical-flow estimation has to be accurately computed in all such scenarios. In this paper, we first present the polar representation of optical flow, which is quite suitable for driving scenarios due to the possibility that it offers to independently update regularization factors in different directional components. Then, we study the influence of vehicle speed and scene texture on optical-flow accuracy. Furthermore, we analyze the relationships of these specific characteristics on a driving scenario (vehicle speed and road texture) with the regularization weights in optical flow for better accuracy. As required by the work in this paper, we have generated several synthetic sequences along with ground-truth flow fields. |
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| ISSN | 1524-9050 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | ADAS; 600.076 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ OnS2014a | Serial | 2386 | ||
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| Author | Marina Alberti; Simone Balocco; Xavier Carrillo; Josefina Mauri; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Automatic non-rigid temporal alignment of IVUS sequences: method and quantitative validation | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology | Abbreviated Journal | UMB |
| Volume | 39 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1698-712 |
| Keywords | Intravascular ultrasound; Dynamic time warping; Non-rigid alignment; Sequence matching; Partial overlapping strategy | ||||
| Abstract | Clinical studies on atherosclerosis regression/progression performed by intravascular ultrasound analysis would benefit from accurate alignment of sequences of the same patient before and after clinical interventions and at follow-up. In this article, a methodology for automatic alignment of intravascular ultrasound sequences based on the dynamic time warping technique is proposed. The non-rigid alignment is adapted to the specific task by applying it to multidimensional signals describing the morphologic content of the vessel. Moreover, dynamic time warping is embedded into a framework comprising a strategy to address partial overlapping between acquisitions and a term that regularizes non-physiologic temporal compression/expansion of the sequences. Extensive validation is performed on both synthetic and in vivo data. The proposed method reaches alignment errors of approximately 0.43 mm for pairs of sequences acquired during the same intervention phase and 0.77 mm for pairs of sequences acquired at successive intervention stages. | ||||
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| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ ABC2013 | Serial | 2313 | ||
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| Author | Simone Balocco; Carlo Gatta; Francesco Ciompi; A. Wahle; Petia Radeva; S. Carlier; G. Unal; E. Sanidas; F. Mauri; X. Carillo; T. Kovarnik; C. Wang; H. Chen; T. P. Exarchos; D. I. Fotiadis; F. Destrempes; G. Cloutier; Oriol Pujol; Marina Alberti; E. G. Mendizabal-Ruiz; M. Rivera; T. Aksoy; R. W. Downe; I. A. Kakadiaris | ||||
| Title | Standardized evaluation methodology and reference database for evaluating IVUS image segmentation | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics | Abbreviated Journal | CMIG |
| Volume | 38 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 70-90 |
| Keywords | IVUS (intravascular ultrasound); Evaluation framework; Algorithm comparison; Image segmentation | ||||
| Abstract | This paper describes an evaluation framework that allows a standardized and quantitative comparison of IVUS lumen and media segmentation algorithms. This framework has been introduced at the MICCAI 2011 Computing and Visualization for (Intra)Vascular Imaging (CVII) workshop, comparing the results of eight teams that participated.
We describe the available data-base comprising of multi-center, multi-vendor and multi-frequency IVUS datasets, their acquisition, the creation of the reference standard and the evaluation measures. The approaches address segmentation of the lumen, the media, or both borders; semi- or fully-automatic operation; and 2-D vs. 3-D methodology. Three performance measures for quantitative analysis have been proposed. The results of the evaluation indicate that segmentation of the vessel lumen and media is possible with an accuracy that is comparable to manual annotation when semi-automatic methods are used, as well as encouraging results can be obtained also in case of fully-automatic segmentation. The analysis performed in this paper also highlights the challenges in IVUS segmentation that remains to be solved. |
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| Notes | MILAB; LAMP; HuPBA; 600.046; 600.063; 600.079 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGC2013 | Serial | 2314 | ||
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| Author | Santiago Segui; Michal Drozdzal; Fernando Vilariño; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria | ||||
| Title | Categorization and Segmentation of Intestinal Content Frames for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine | Abbreviated Journal | TITB |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1341-1352 |
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| Abstract | Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a device that allows the direct visualization of gastrointestinal tract with minimal discomfort for the patient, but at the price of a large amount of time for screening. In order to reduce this time, several works have proposed to automatically remove all the frames showing intestinal content. These methods label frames as {intestinal content – clear} without discriminating between types of content (with different physiological meaning) or the portion of image covered. In addition, since the presence of intestinal content has been identified as an indicator of intestinal motility, its accurate quantification can show a potential clinical relevance. In this paper, we present a method for the robust detection and segmentation of intestinal content in WCE images, together with its further discrimination between turbid liquid and bubbles. Our proposal is based on a twofold system. First, frames presenting intestinal content are detected by a support vector machine classifier using color and textural information. Second, intestinal content frames are segmented into {turbid, bubbles, and clear} regions. We show a detailed validation using a large dataset. Our system outperforms previous methods and, for the first time, discriminates between turbid from bubbles media. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1089-7771 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | 800 | Expedition | Conference | ||
| Notes | MILAB; MV; OR;SIAI | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SDV2012 | Serial | 2124 | ||
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| Author | Bogdan Raducanu; Fadi Dornaika | ||||
| Title | Texture-independent recognition of facial expressions in image snapshots and videos | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Machine Vision and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MVA |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 811-820 |
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| Abstract | This paper addresses the static and dynamic recognition of basic facial expressions. It has two main contributions. First, we introduce a view- and texture-independent scheme that exploits facial action parameters estimated by an appearance-based 3D face tracker. We represent the learned facial actions associated with different facial expressions by time series. Second, we compare this dynamic scheme with a static one based on analyzing individual snapshots and show that the former performs better than the latter. We provide evaluations of performance using three subspace learning techniques: linear discriminant analysis, non-parametric discriminant analysis and support vector machines. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer-Verlag | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0932-8092 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | OR; 600.046; 605.203;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RaD2013 | Serial | 2230 | ||
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| Author | Ferran Diego; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez | ||||
| Title | Joint spatio-temporal alignment of sequences | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Multimedia | Abbreviated Journal | TMM |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1377-1387 |
| Keywords | video alignment | ||||
| Abstract | Video alignment is important in different areas of computer vision such as wide baseline matching, action recognition, change detection, video copy detection and frame dropping prevention. Current video alignment methods usually deal with a relatively simple case of fixed or rigidly attached cameras or simultaneous acquisition. Therefore, in this paper we propose a joint video alignment for bringing two video sequences into a spatio-temporal alignment. Specifically, the novelty of the paper is to formulate the video alignment to fold the spatial and temporal alignment into a single alignment framework. This simultaneously satisfies a frame-correspondence and frame-alignment similarity; exploiting the knowledge among neighbor frames by a standard pairwise Markov random field (MRF). This new formulation is able to handle the alignment of sequences recorded at different times by independent moving cameras that follows a similar trajectory, and also generalizes the particular cases that of fixed geometric transformation and/or linear temporal mapping. We conduct experiments on different scenarios such as sequences recorded simultaneously or by moving cameras to validate the robustness of the proposed approach. The proposed method provides the highest video alignment accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods on sequences recorded from vehicles driving along the same track at different times. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1520-9210 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DSL2013; ADAS @ adas @ | Serial | 2228 | ||
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| Author | Cesar Isaza; Joaquin Salas; Bogdan Raducanu | ||||
| Title | Rendering ground truth data sets to detect shadows cast by static objects in outdoors | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Multimedia Tools and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MTAP |
| Volume | 70 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 557-571 |
| Keywords | Synthetic ground truth data set; Sun position; Shadow detection; Static objects shadow detection | ||||
| Abstract | In our work, we are particularly interested in studying the shadows cast by static objects in outdoor environments, during daytime. To assess the accuracy of a shadow detection algorithm, we need ground truth information. The collection of such information is a very tedious task because it is a process that requires manual annotation. To overcome this severe limitation, we propose in this paper a methodology to automatically render ground truth using a virtual environment. To increase the degree of realism and usefulness of the simulated environment, we incorporate in the scenario the precise longitude, latitude and elevation of the actual location of the object, as well as the sun’s position for a given time and day. To evaluate our method, we consider a qualitative and a quantitative comparison. In the quantitative one, we analyze the shadow cast by a real object in a particular geographical location and its corresponding rendered model. To evaluate qualitatively the methodology, we use some ground truth images obtained both manually and automatically. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer US | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1380-7501 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | OR;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ ISR2014 | Serial | 2229 | ||
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| Author | Francisco Javier Orozco; Ognjen Rudovic; Jordi Gonzalez; Maja Pantic | ||||
| Title | Hierarchical On-line Appearance-Based Tracking for 3D Head Pose, Eyebrows, Lips, Eyelids and Irises | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Image and Vision Computing | Abbreviated Journal | IMAVIS |
| Volume | 31 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 322-340 |
| Keywords | On-line appearance models; Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm; Line-search optimization; 3D face tracking; Facial action tracking; Eyelid tracking; Iris tracking | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, we propose an On-line Appearance-Based Tracker (OABT) for simultaneous tracking of 3D head pose, lips, eyebrows, eyelids and irises in monocular video sequences. In contrast to previously proposed tracking approaches, which deal with face and gaze tracking separately, our OABT can also be used for eyelid and iris tracking, as well as 3D head pose, lips and eyebrows facial actions tracking. Furthermore, our approach applies an on-line learning of changes in the appearance of the tracked target. Hence, the prior training of appearance models, which usually requires a large amount of labeled facial images, is avoided. Moreover, the proposed method is built upon a hierarchical combination of three OABTs, which are optimized using a Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) enhanced with line-search procedures. This, in turn, makes the proposed method robust to changes in lighting conditions, occlusions and translucent textures, as evidenced by our experiments. Finally, the proposed method achieves head and facial actions tracking in real-time. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | ISE; 605.203; 302.012; 302.018; 600.049 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | ORG2013 | Serial | 2221 | ||
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| Author | Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman; Jean-Yves Ramel; Josep Llados; Thierry Brouard | ||||
| Title | Fuzzy Multilevel Graph Embedding | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 551-565 |
| Keywords | Pattern recognition; Graphics recognition; Graph clustering; Graph classification; Explicit graph embedding; Fuzzy logic | ||||
| Abstract | Structural pattern recognition approaches offer the most expressive, convenient, powerful but computational expensive representations of underlying relational information. To benefit from mature, less expensive and efficient state-of-the-art machine learning models of statistical pattern recognition they must be mapped to a low-dimensional vector space. Our method of explicit graph embedding bridges the gap between structural and statistical pattern recognition. We extract the topological, structural and attribute information from a graph and encode numeric details by fuzzy histograms and symbolic details by crisp histograms. The histograms are concatenated to achieve a simple and straightforward embedding of graph into a low-dimensional numeric feature vector. Experimentation on standard public graph datasets shows that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods of graph embedding for richly attributed graphs. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0031-3203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | DAG; 600.042; 600.045; 605.203 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LRL2013a | Serial | 2270 | ||
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| Author | Anjan Dutta; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal | ||||
| Title | A symbol spotting approach in graphical documents by hashing serialized graphs | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 752-768 |
| Keywords | Symbol spotting; Graphics recognition; Graph matching; Graph serialization; Graph factorization; Graph paths; Hashing | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we propose a symbol spotting technique in graphical documents. Graphs are used to represent the documents and a (sub)graph matching technique is used to detect the symbols in them. We propose a graph serialization to reduce the usual computational complexity of graph matching. Serialization of graphs is performed by computing acyclic graph paths between each pair of connected nodes. Graph paths are one-dimensional structures of graphs which are less expensive in terms of computation. At the same time they enable robust localization even in the presence of noise and distortion. Indexing in large graph databases involves a computational burden as well. We propose a graph factorization approach to tackle this problem. Factorization is intended to create a unified indexed structure over the database of graphical documents. Once graph paths are extracted, the entire database of graphical documents is indexed in hash tables by locality sensitive hashing (LSH) of shape descriptors of the paths. The hashing data structure aims to execute an approximate k-NN search in a sub-linear time. We have performed detailed experiments with various datasets of line drawings and compared our method with the state-of-the-art works. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our technique. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 0031-3203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | DAG; 600.042; 600.045; 605.203; 601.152 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DLP2012 | Serial | 2127 | ||
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| Author | Josep Llados; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; David Fernandez; Anjan Dutta | ||||
| Title | On the Influence of Word Representations for Handwritten Word Spotting in Historical Documents | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | IJPRAI |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1263002-126027 |
| Keywords | Handwriting recognition; word spotting; historical documents; feature representation; shape descriptors Read More: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0218001412630025 | ||||
| Abstract | 0,624 JCR
Word spotting is the process of retrieving all instances of a queried keyword from a digital library of document images. In this paper we evaluate the performance of different word descriptors to assess the advantages and disadvantages of statistical and structural models in a framework of query-by-example word spotting in historical documents. We compare four word representation models, namely sequence alignment using DTW as a baseline reference, a bag of visual words approach as statistical model, a pseudo-structural model based on a Loci features representation, and a structural approach where words are represented by graphs. The four approaches have been tested with two collections of historical data: the George Washington database and the marriage records from the Barcelona Cathedral. We experimentally demonstrate that statistical representations generally give a better performance, however it cannot be neglected that large descriptors are difficult to be implemented in a retrieval scenario where word spotting requires the indexation of data with million word images. |
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| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LRF2012 | Serial | 2128 | ||
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| Author | Alicia Fornes; Anjan Dutta; Albert Gordo; Josep Llados | ||||
| Title | CVC-MUSCIMA: A Ground-Truth of Handwritten Music Score Images for Writer Identification and Staff Removal | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | IJDAR |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 243-251 |
| Keywords | Music scores; Handwritten documents; Writer identification; Staff removal; Performance evaluation; Graphics recognition; Ground truths | ||||
| Abstract | 0,405JCR
The analysis of music scores has been an active research field in the last decades. However, there are no publicly available databases of handwritten music scores for the research community. In this paper we present the CVC-MUSCIMA database and ground-truth of handwritten music score images. The dataset consists of 1,000 music sheets written by 50 different musicians. It has been especially designed for writer identification and staff removal tasks. In addition to the description of the dataset, ground-truth, partitioning and evaluation metrics, we also provide some base-line results for easing the comparison between different approaches. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1433-2833 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FDG2012 | Serial | 2129 | ||
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| Author | Susana Alvarez; Maria Vanrell | ||||
| Title | Texton theory revisited: a bag-of-words approach to combine textons | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 4312-4325 |
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| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to revisit an old theory of texture perception and
update its computational implementation by extending it to colour. With this in mind we try to capture the optimality of perceptual systems. This is achieved in the proposed approach by sharing well-known early stages of the visual processes and extracting low-dimensional features that perfectly encode adequate properties for a large variety of textures without needing further learning stages. We propose several descriptors in a bag-of-words framework that are derived from different quantisation models on to the feature spaces. Our perceptual features are directly given by the shape and colour attributes of image blobs, which are the textons. In this way we avoid learning visual words and directly build the vocabularies on these lowdimensionaltexton spaces. Main differences between proposed descriptors rely on how co-occurrence of blob attributes is represented in the vocabularies. Our approach overcomes current state-of-art in colour texture description which is proved in several experiments on large texture datasets. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0031-3203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ AlV2012a | Serial | 2130 | ||
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| Author | Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados; Mathieu Nicolas Delalandre | ||||
| Title | Multi-oriented touching text character segmentation in graphical documents using dynamic programming | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1972-1983 |
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| Abstract | 2,292 JCR
The touching character segmentation problem becomes complex when touching strings are multi-oriented. Moreover in graphical documents sometimes characters in a single-touching string have different orientations. Segmentation of such complex touching is more challenging. In this paper, we present a scheme towards the segmentation of English multi-oriented touching strings into individual characters. When two or more characters touch, they generate a big cavity region in the background portion. Based on the convex hull information, at first, we use this background information to find some initial points for segmentation of a touching string into possible primitives (a primitive consists of a single character or part of a character). Next, the primitives are merged to get optimum segmentation. A dynamic programming algorithm is applied for this purpose using the total likelihood of characters as the objective function. A SVM classifier is used to find the likelihood of a character. To consider multi-oriented touching strings the features used in the SVM are invariant to character orientation. Experiments were performed in different databases of real and synthetic touching characters and the results show that the method is efficient in segmenting touching characters of arbitrary orientations and sizes. |
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| ISSN | 0031-3203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RPL2012a | Serial | 2133 | ||
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| Author | Partha Pratim Roy; Umapada Pal; Josep Llados | ||||
| Title | Text line extraction in graphical documents using background and foreground | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | IJDAR |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 227-241 |
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| Abstract | 0,405 JCR
In graphical documents (e.g., maps, engineering drawings), artistic documents etc., the text lines are annotated in multiple orientations or curvilinear way to illustrate different locations or symbols. For the optical character recognition of such documents, individual text lines from the documents need to be extracted. In this paper, we propose a novel method to segment such text lines and the method is based on the foreground and background information of the text components. To effectively utilize the background information, a water reservoir concept is used here. In the proposed scheme, at first, individual components are detected and grouped into character clusters in a hierarchical way using size and positional information. Next, the clusters are extended in two extreme sides to determine potential candidate regions. Finally, with the help of these candidate regions, individual lines are extracted. The experimental results are presented on different datasets of graphical documents, camera-based warped documents, noisy images containing seals, etc. The results demonstrate that our approach is robust and invariant to size and orientation of the text lines present in the document. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1433-2833 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RPL2012b | Serial | 2134 | ||
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