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Author Fernando Vilariño; Debora Gil; Petia Radeva
Title A Novel FLDA Formulation for Numerical Stability Analysis Type Book Chapter
Year 2004 Publication Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume 113 Issue Pages 77-84
Keywords Supervised Learning; Linear Discriminant Analysis; Numerical Stability; Computer Vision
Abstract Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (FLDA) is one of the most popular techniques used in classification applying dimensional reduction. The numerical scheme involves the inversion of the within-class scatter matrix, which makes FLDA potentially ill-conditioned when it becomes singular. In this paper we present a novel explicit formulation of FLDA in terms of the eccentricity ratio and eigenvector orientations of the within-class scatter matrix. An analysis of this function will characterize those situations where FLDA response is not reliable because of numerical instability. This can solve common situations of poor classification performance in computer vision.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher IOS Press Place of Publication Editor J. Vitrià, P. Radeva and I. Aguiló
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-1-58603-466-5 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MV;IAM;MILAB;SIAI Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ VGR2004 Serial (up) 1663
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Author Fernando Vilariño; Enric Marti
Title New didactic techniques in the EHES applying mobile technologies Type Miscellaneous
Year 2008 Publication Agencia de Gestio d´Ajuts Universitaris I de Recerca (AGAUR), Generalitat de Catalunya Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Agencia de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris I de Recerca (AGAUR), Generalitat de Catalunya Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Agencia de Gestio d´Ajuts Universitaris I de Recerca (AGAUR), Generalitat de Catalunya Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;IAM;MV;SIAI Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ VIM2008 Serial (up) 1664
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez
Title Color Contribution to Part-Based Person Detection in Different Types of Scenarios Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 14th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns Abbreviated Journal
Volume 6855 Issue II Pages 463-470
Keywords Pedestrian Detection; Color
Abstract Camera-based person detection is of paramount interest due to its potential applications. The task is diffcult because the great variety of backgrounds (scenarios, illumination) in which persons are present, as well as their intra-class variability (pose, clothe, occlusion). In fact, the class person is one of the included in the popular PASCAL visual object classes (VOC) challenge. A breakthrough for this challenge, regarding person detection, is due to Felzenszwalb et al. These authors proposed a part-based detector that relies on histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) and latent support vector machines (LatSVM) to learn a model of the whole human body and its constitutive parts, as well as their relative position. Since the approach of Felzenszwalb et al. appeared new variants have been proposed, usually giving rise to more complex models. In this paper, we focus on an issue that has not attracted suficient interest up to now. In particular, we refer to the fact that HOG is usually computed from RGB color space, but other possibilities exist and deserve the corresponding investigation. In this paper we challenge RGB space with the opponent color space (OPP), which is inspired in the human vision system.We will compute the HOG on top of OPP, then we train and test the part-based human classifer by Felzenszwalb et al. using PASCAL VOC challenge protocols and person database. Our experiments demonstrate that OPP outperforms RGB. We also investigate possible differences among types of scenarios: indoor, urban and countryside. Interestingly, our experiments suggest that the beneficts of OPP with respect to RGB mainly come for indoor and countryside scenarios, those in which the human visual system was designed by evolution.
Address Seville, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Berlin Heidelberg Editor P. Real, D. Diaz, H. Molina, A. Berciano, W. Kropatsch
Language English Summary Language english Original Title Color Contribution to Part-Based Person Detection in Different Types of Scenarios
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-23677-8 Medium
Area Expedition Conference CAIP
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ RVL2011b Serial (up) 1665
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Author Muhammad Anwer Rao; David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez
Title Opponent Colors for Human Detection Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 5th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Abbreviated Journal
Volume 6669 Issue Pages 363-370
Keywords Pedestrian Detection; Color; Part Based Models
Abstract Human detection is a key component in fields such as advanced driving assistance and video surveillance. However, even detecting non-occluded standing humans remains a challenge of intensive research. Finding good features to build human models for further detection is probably one of the most important issues to face. Currently, shape, texture and motion features have deserve extensive attention in the literature. However, color-based features, which are important in other domains (e.g., image categorization), have received much less attention. In fact, the use of RGB color space has become a kind of choice by default. The focus has been put in developing first and second order features on top of RGB space (e.g., HOG and co-occurrence matrices, resp.). In this paper we evaluate the opponent colors (OPP) space as a biologically inspired alternative for human detection. In particular, by feeding OPP space in the baseline framework of Dalal et al. for human detection (based on RGB, HOG and linear SVM), we will obtain better detection performance than by using RGB space. This is a relevant result since, up to the best of our knowledge, OPP space has not been previously used for human detection. This suggests that in the future it could be worth to compute co-occurrence matrices, self-similarity features, etc., also on top of OPP space, i.e., as we have done with HOG in this paper.
Address Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Berlin Heidelberg Editor J. Vitria; J.M. Sanches; M. Hernandez
Language English Summary Language English Original Title Opponent Colors for Human Detection
Series Editor Series Title Lecture Notes on Computer Science Abbreviated Series Title LNCS
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-21256-7 Medium
Area Expedition Conference IbPRIA
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ RVL2011a Serial (up) 1666
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Author Albert Andaluz
Title LV Contour Segmentation in TMR images using Semantic Description of Tissue and Prior Knowledge Correction Type Report
Year 2009 Publication CVC Technical Report Abbreviated Journal
Volume 142 Issue Pages
Keywords Active Contour Models; Snakes; Active Shape Models; Deformable Templates; Left Ventricle Segmentation; Generalized Orthogonal Procrustes Analysis; Harmonic Phase Flow; Principal Component Analysis; Tagged Magnetic Resonance
Abstract The Diagnosis of Left Ventricle (LV) pathologies is related to regional wall motion analysis. Health indicator scores such as the rotation and the torsion are useful for the diagnose of the Left Ventricle (LV) function. However, this requires proper identification of LV segments. On one hand, manual segmentation is robust, but it is slow and requires medical expertise. On the other hand, the tag pattern in Tagged Magnetic Resonance (TMR) sequences is a problem for the automatic segmentation of the LV boundaries. Consequently, we propose a method based in the classical formulation of parametric Snakes, combined with Active Shape models. Our semantic definition of the LV is tagged tissue that experiences motion in the systolic cycle. This defines two energy potentials for the Snake convergence. Additionally, the mean shape corrects excessive deviation from the anatomical shape. We have validated our approach in 15 healthy volunteers and two short axis cuts. In this way, we have compared the automatic segmentations to manual shapes outlined by medical experts. Also, we have explored the accuracy of clinical scores computed using automatic contours. The results show minor divergence in the approximation and the manual segmentations as well as robust computation of clinical scores in all cases. From this we conclude that the proposed method is a promising support tool for clinical analysis.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Master's thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes IAM; Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ And2009 Serial (up) 1667
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Author David Vazquez; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez
Title The effect of the distance in pedestrian detection Type Report
Year 2009 Publication CVC Technical Report Abbreviated Journal
Volume 149 Issue Pages
Keywords Pedestrian Detection
Abstract Pedestrian accidents are one of the leading preventable causes of death. In order to reduce the number of accidents, in the last decade the pedestrian protection systems have been introduced, a special type of advanced driver assistance systems, in witch an on-board camera explores the road ahead for possible collisions with pedestrians in order to warn the driver or perform braking actions. As a result of the variability of the appearance, pose and size, pedestrian detection is a very challenging task. So many techniques, models and features have been proposed to solve the problem. As the appearance of pedestrians varies signi cantly as a function of distance, a system based on multiple classi ers specialized on diferent depths is likely to improve the overall performance with respect to a typical system based on a general detector. Accordingly, the main aim of this work is to explore the e ect of the distance in pedestrian detection. We have evaluated three pedestrian detectors (HOG, HAAR and EOH) in two di erent databases (INRIA and Daimler09) for two di erent sizes (small and big). By a extensive set of experiments we answer to questions like which datasets and evaluation methods are the most adequate, which is the best method for each size of the pedestrians and why or how do the method optimum parameters vary with respect to the distance
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Master's thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference M.Sc.
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ VGL2009 Serial (up) 1669
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Author David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez
Title Intrusion Classification in Intelligent Video Surveillance Systems Type Report
Year 2008 Publication Estudis d'Enginyeria Superior en Informática Abbreviated Journal UAB
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Human detection; Car detection; Intrusion detection
Abstract An intelligent video surveillance system (IVS) is a camera-based installation able to process in real-time the images coming from the cameras. The aim is to automatically warn about different events of interest at the moment they happen. Daview system of Davantis is a com mercial example of IVS system. The problems addressed by any IVS system, and so Daview, are so challenging that none IVS system is perfect, thus, they need continuous improvement. Accordingly, this project aims to study different approaches in order to outperform current Daview performance, in particular, we bet for improving its classification core. We present an in deep study of the state of the art on IVS systems, as well as on how Daview works. Based on that knowledge, we propose four possibilities for improving Daview classification capabilities: improve existent classifiers; improve existing classifiers combination; create new classifiers and create new classifier-based architectures. Our main contribution has been the incorporation of state-of-the-art feature selection and machine learning techniques for the classification tasks, a viewpoint not fully addressed in current Daview system. After a comprehensive quantitative evaluation we will see how one of our proposals clearly outperforms the overall performance of current Daview system. In particular the classification core that we finally propose consists in an AdaBoost One-Against-All architecture that uses appearance and motion features that were already present in current Daview system
Address Bellaterra, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference PFC
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ VL2008a Serial (up) 1670
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Author David Vazquez; Enrique Cabello
Title Empleo de sistemas biométricos faciales aplicados al reconocimiento de personas en aeropuertos Type Report
Year 2007 Publication Ingeniería Técnica en Informática de Sistemas Abbreviated Journal URJC
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Surveillance; Face detection; Face recognition
Abstract El presente proyecto se desarrolló a lo largo del año 2005 y 2006, probando un prototipo de un sistema de verificación facial con imágenes extraídas de las cámaras de video-vigilancia del aeropuerto de Barajas. Se diseñaron varios experimentos, agrupados en dos clases. En el primer tipo, el sistema es entre- nado con imágenes obtenidas en condiciones de laboratorio y luego probado con imágenes extraídas de las cámaras de video-vigilancia del aeropuerto de Barajas. En el segundo caso, tanto las imágenes de entrenamiento como las de prueba corresponden a imágenes extraídas de Barajas.
Se ha desarrollado un sistema completo, que incluye adquisición y digitalización de las imágenes, localización y recorte de las caras en escena, verificación de sujetos y obtención de resultados. Los resultados muestran que, en general, un sistema de verificación facial basado en imágenes puede ser una valiosa ayuda a un operario que deba estar vigilando amplias zonas.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes invisible;ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ VC2007a Serial (up) 1671
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Author Enrique Cabello; Cristina Conde; Angel Serrano; Licesio Rodriguez; David Vazquez
Title Empleo de sistemas biométricos para el reconocimiento de personas en aeropuertos Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Instituto Universitario de Investigación sobre Seguridad Interior (IUSI 2006) Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Surveillance; Face detection; Face recognition
Abstract El presente proyecto se desarrolló a lo largo del año 2005, probando un prototipo de un sistema de verificación facial con imágenes extraídas de las cámaras de video vigilancia del aeropuerto de Barajas. Se diseñaron varios experimentos, agrupados en dos clases. En el primer tipo, el sistema es entrenado con imágenes obtenidas en condiciones de laboratorio y luego probado con imágenes extraídas de las cámaras de video vigilancia del aeropuerto de Barajas. En el segundo caso, tanto las imágenes de entrenamiento como las de prueba corresponden a imágenes extraídas de Barajas. Se ha desarrollado un sistema completo, que incluye adquisición y digitalización de las imágenes, localización y recorte de las caras en escena, verificación de sujetos y obtención de resultados. Los resultados muestran, que, en general, un sistema de verificación facial basado en imágenes puede ser una ayuda a un operario que deba estar vigilando amplias zonas.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes invisible;ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ CCS2006a Serial (up) 1672
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Author Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Debora Gil; David Roche; Monica M. S. Matsumoto; Sergio S. Furuie
Title Inferring the Performance of Medical Imaging Algorithms Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 14th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns Abbreviated Journal
Volume 6854 Issue Pages 520-528
Keywords Validation, Statistical Inference, Medical Imaging Algorithms.
Abstract Evaluation of the performance and limitations of medical imaging algorithms is essential to estimate their impact in social, economic or clinical aspects. However, validation of medical imaging techniques is a challenging task due to the variety of imaging and clinical problems involved, as well as, the difficulties for systematically extracting a reliable solely ground truth. Although specific validation protocols are reported in any medical imaging paper, there are still two major concerns: definition of standardized methodologies transversal to all problems and generalization of conclusions to the whole clinical data set.
We claim that both issues would be fully solved if we had a statistical model relating ground truth and the output of computational imaging techniques. Such a statistical model could conclude to what extent the algorithm behaves like the ground truth from the analysis of a sampling of the validation data set. We present a statistical inference framework reporting the agreement and describing the relationship of two quantities. We show its transversality by applying it to validation of two different tasks: contour segmentation and landmark correspondence.
Address Sevilla
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Berlin Editor Pedro Real; Daniel Diaz-Pernil; Helena Molina-Abril; Ainhoa Berciano; Walter Kropatsch
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title L Abbreviated Series Title LNCS
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference CAIP
Notes IAM; ADAS Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ HGR2011 Serial (up) 1676
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Author David Roche; Debora Gil; Jesus Giraldo
Title An inference model for analyzing termination conditions of Evolutionary Algorithms Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 14th Congrès Català en Intel·ligencia Artificial Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 216-225
Keywords Evolutionary Computation Convergence, Termination Conditions, Statistical Inference
Abstract In real-world problems, it is mandatory to design a termination condition for Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) ensuring stabilization close to the unknown optimum. Distribution-based quantities are good candidates as far as suitable parameters are used. A main limitation for application to real-world problems is that such parameters strongly depend on the topology of the objective function, as well as, the EA paradigm used.
We claim that the termination problem would be fully solved if we had a model measuring to what extent a distribution-based quantity asymptotically behaves like the solution accuracy. We present a regression-prediction model that relates any two given quantities and reports if they can be statistically swapped as termination conditions. Our framework is applied to two issues. First, exploring if the parameters involved in the computation of distribution-based quantities influence their asymptotic behavior. Second, to what extent existing distribution-based quantities can be asymptotically exchanged for the accuracy of the EA solution.
Address Lleida, Catalonia (Spain)
Corporate Author Associació Catalana Intel·ligència Artificial Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-1-60750-841-0 Medium
Area Expedition Conference CCIA
Notes IAM Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ RGG2011a Serial (up) 1677
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Author David Roche; Debora Gil; Jesus Giraldo
Title Using statistical inference for designing termination conditions ensuring convergence of Evolutionary Algorithms Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 11th European Conference on Artificial Life Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract A main challenge in Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) is determining a termination condition ensuring stabilization close to the optimum in real-world applications. Although for known test functions distribution-based quantities are good candidates (as far as suitable parameters are used), in real-world problems an open question still remains unsolved. How can we estimate an upper-bound for the termination condition value ensuring a given accuracy for the (unknown) EA solution?
We claim that the termination problem would be fully solved if we defined a quantity (depending only on the EA output) behaving like the solution accuracy. The open question would be, then, satisfactorily answered if we had a model relating both quantities, since accuracy could be predicted from the alternative quantity. We present a statistical inference framework addressing two topics: checking the correlation between the two quantities and defining a regression model for predicting (at a given confidence level) accuracy values from the EA output.
Address Paris, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference ECAL
Notes IAM; Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ RGG2011b Serial (up) 1678
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Author Ferran Poveda; Debora Gil ;Albert Andaluz ;Enric Marti
Title Multiscale Tractography for Representing Heart Muscular Architecture Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication In MICCAI 2011 Workshop on Computational Diffusion MRI Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Deep understanding of myocardial structure of the heart would unravel crucial knowledge for clinical and medical procedures. Although the muscular architecture of the heart has been debated by countless researchers, the controversy is still alive. Diffusion Tensor MRI, DT-MRI, is a unique imaging technique for computational validation of the muscular structure of the heart. By the complex arrangement of myocites, existing techniques can not provide comprehensive descriptions of the global muscular architecture. In this paper we introduce a multiresolution reconstruction technique based on DT-MRI streamlining for simplified global myocardial model generation. Our reconstructions can restore the most complex myocardial structures and indicate a global helical organization
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language english Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference CDRMI
Notes IAM Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ PGA2011 Serial (up) 1681
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Author Patricia Marquez; Debora Gil; Aura Hernandez-Sabate
Title A Confidence Measure for Assessing Optical Flow Accuracy in the Absence of Ground Truth Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 2042-2049
Keywords IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops
Abstract Optical flow is a valuable tool for motion analysis in autonomous navigation systems. A reliable application requires determining the accuracy of the computed optical flow. This is a main challenge given the absence of ground truth in real world sequences. This paper introduces a measure of optical flow accuracy for Lucas-Kanade based flows in terms of the numerical stability of the data-term. We call this measure optical flow condition number. A statistical analysis over ground-truth data show a good statistical correlation between the condition number and optical flow error. Experiments on driving sequences illustrate its potential for autonomous navigation systems.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher IEEE Place of Publication Barcelona (Spain) Editor
Language English Summary Language English Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference ICCVW
Notes IAM; ADAS Approved no
Call Number IAM @ iam @ MGH2011 Serial (up) 1682
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Author David Vazquez; Antonio Lopez; Daniel Ponsa; Javier Marin
Title Virtual Worlds and Active Learning for Human Detection Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication 13th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 393-400
Keywords Pedestrian Detection; Human detection; Virtual; Domain Adaptation; Active Learning
Abstract Image based human detection is of paramount interest due to its potential applications in fields such as advanced driving assistance, surveillance and media analysis. However, even detecting non-occluded standing humans remains a challenge of intensive research. The most promising human detectors rely on classifiers developed in the discriminative paradigm, i.e., trained with labelled samples. However, labeling is a manual intensive step, especially in cases like human detection where it is necessary to provide at least bounding boxes framing the humans for training. To overcome such problem, some authors have proposed the use of a virtual world where the labels of the different objects are obtained automatically. This means that the human models (classifiers) are learnt using the appearance of rendered images, i.e., using realistic computer graphics. Later, these models are used for human detection in images of the real world. The results of this technique are surprisingly good. However, these are not always as good as the classical approach of training and testing with data coming from the same camera, or similar ones. Accordingly, in this paper we address the challenge of using a virtual world for gathering (while playing a videogame) a large amount of automatically labelled samples (virtual humans and background) and then training a classifier that performs equal, in real-world images, than the one obtained by equally training from manually labelled real-world samples. For doing that, we cast the problem as one of domain adaptation. In doing so, we assume that a small amount of manually labelled samples from real-world images is required. To collect these labelled samples we propose a non-standard active learning technique. Therefore, ultimately our human model is learnt by the combination of virtual and real world labelled samples (Fig. 1), which has not been done before. We present quantitative results showing that this approach is valid.
Address Alicante, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher ACM DL Place of Publication New York, NY, USA, USA Editor
Language English Summary Language English Original Title Virtual Worlds and Active Learning for Human Detection
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-1-4503-0641-6 Medium
Area Expedition Conference ICMI
Notes ADAS Approved yes
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ VLP2011a Serial (up) 1683
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