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Yunan Li; Jun Wan; Qiguang Miao; Sergio Escalera; Huijuan Fang; Huizhou Chen; Xiangda Qi; Guodong Guo |
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CR-Net: A Deep Classification-Regression Network for Multimodal Apparent Personality Analysis |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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128 |
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2763–2780 |
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First impressions strongly influence social interactions, having a high impact in the personal and professional life. In this paper, we present a deep Classification-Regression Network (CR-Net) for analyzing the Big Five personality problem and further assisting on job interview recommendation in a first impressions setup. The setup is based on the ChaLearn First Impressions dataset, including multimodal data with video, audio, and text converted from the corresponding audio data, where each person is talking in front of a camera. In order to give a comprehensive prediction, we analyze the videos from both the entire scene (including the person’s motions and background) and the face of the person. Our CR-Net first performs personality trait classification and applies a regression later, which can obtain accurate predictions for both personality traits and interview recommendation. Furthermore, we present a new loss function called Bell Loss to address inaccurate predictions caused by the regression-to-the-mean problem. Extensive experiments on the First Impressions dataset show the effectiveness of our proposed network, outperforming the state-of-the-art. |
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HuPBA; no menciona |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ LWM2020 |
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3413 |
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Author |
Yaxing Wang; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Mix and match networks: multi-domain alignment for unpaired image-to-image translation |
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2020 |
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International Journal of Computer Vision |
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IJCV |
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128 |
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2849–2872 |
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This paper addresses the problem of inferring unseen cross-modal image-to-image translations between multiple modalities. We assume that only some of the pairwise translations have been seen (i.e. trained) and infer the remaining unseen translations (where training pairs are not available). We propose mix and match networks, an approach where multiple encoders and decoders are aligned in such a way that the desired translation can be obtained by simply cascading the source encoder and the target decoder, even when they have not interacted during the training stage (i.e. unseen). The main challenge lies in the alignment of the latent representations at the bottlenecks of encoder-decoder pairs. We propose an architecture with several tools to encourage alignment, including autoencoders and robust side information and latent consistency losses. We show the benefits of our approach in terms of effectiveness and scalability compared with other pairwise image-to-image translation approaches. We also propose zero-pair cross-modal image translation, a challenging setting where the objective is inferring semantic segmentation from depth (and vice-versa) without explicit segmentation-depth pairs, and only from two (disjoint) segmentation-RGB and depth-RGB training sets. We observe that a certain part of the shared information between unseen modalities might not be reachable, so we further propose a variant that leverages pseudo-pairs which allows us to exploit this shared information between the unseen modalities |
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LAMP; 600.109; 600.106; 600.141; 600.120 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ WHW2020 |
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3424 |
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Guillermo Torres; Debora Gil |
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A multi-shape loss function with adaptive class balancing for the segmentation of lung structures |
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2020 |
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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery |
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IJCAR |
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15 |
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1 |
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S154-55 |
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IAM |
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Admin @ si @ ToG2020 |
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3590 |
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Ajian Liu; Xuan Li; Jun Wan; Yanyan Liang; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Meysam Madadi; Yi Jin; Zhuoyuan Wu; Xiaogang Yu; Zichang Tan; Qi Yuan; Ruikun Yang; Benjia Zhou; Guodong Guo; Stan Z. Li |
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Title |
Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing Recognition Challenge: A Review |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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IET Biometrics |
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BIO |
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10 |
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1 |
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24-43 |
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Face anti-spoofing is critical to prevent face recognition systems from a security breach. The biometrics community has %possessed achieved impressive progress recently due the excellent performance of deep neural networks and the availability of large datasets. Although ethnic bias has been verified to severely affect the performance of face recognition systems, it still remains an open research problem in face anti-spoofing. Recently, a multi-ethnic face anti-spoofing dataset, CASIA-SURF CeFA, has been released with the goal of measuring the ethnic bias. It is the largest up to date cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing dataset covering 3 ethnicities, 3 modalities, 1,607 subjects, 2D plus 3D attack types, and the first dataset including explicit ethnic labels among the recently released datasets for face anti-spoofing. We organized the Chalearn Face Anti-spoofing Attack Detection Challenge which consists of single-modal (e.g., RGB) and multi-modal (e.g., RGB, Depth, Infrared (IR)) tracks around this novel resource to boost research aiming to alleviate the ethnic bias. Both tracks have attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally 11 and 8 teams have submitted their codes in the single-modal and multi-modal face anti-spoofing recognition challenges, respectively. All the results were verified and re-ran by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. This paper presents an overview of the challenge, including its design, evaluation protocol and a summary of results. We analyze the top ranked solutions and draw conclusions derived from the competition. In addition we outline future work directions. |
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HUPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ LLW2020b |
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3523 |
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Author |
Lei Kang; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas |
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Title |
Unsupervised Adaptation for Synthetic-to-Real Handwritten Word Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is still a challenging problem because it must deal with two important difficulties: the variability among writing styles, and the scarcity of labelled data. To alleviate such problems, synthetic data generation and data augmentation are typically used to train HTR systems. However, training with such data produces encouraging but still inaccurate transcriptions in real words. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised writer adaptation approach that is able to automatically adjust a generic handwritten word recognizer, fully trained with synthetic fonts, towards a new incoming writer. We have experimentally validated our proposal using five different datasets, covering several challenges (i) the document source: modern and historic samples, which may involve paper degradation problems; (ii) different handwriting styles: single and multiple writer collections; and (iii) language, which involves different character combinations. Across these challenging collections, we show that our system is able to maintain its performance, thus, it provides a practical and generic approach to deal with new document collections without requiring any expensive and tedious manual annotation step. |
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Aspen; Colorado; USA; March 2020 |
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WACV |
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DAG; 600.129; 600.140; 601.302; 601.312; 600.121 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ KRF2020 |
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3446 |
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Author |
Raul Gomez; Jaume Gibert; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Exploring Hate Speech Detection in Multimodal Publications |
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2020 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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In this work we target the problem of hate speech detection in multimodal publications formed by a text and an image. We gather and annotate a large scale dataset from Twitter, MMHS150K, and propose different models that jointly analyze textual and visual information for hate speech detection, comparing them with unimodal detection. We provide quantitative and qualitative results and analyze the challenges of the proposed task. We find that, even though images are useful for the hate speech detection task, current multimodal models cannot outperform models analyzing only text. We discuss why and open the field and the dataset for further research. |
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Aspen; March 2020 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.129 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GGG2020a |
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3280 |
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Author |
Edgar Riba; D. Mishkin; Daniel Ponsa; E. Rublee; G. Bradski |
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Title |
Kornia: an Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch |
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2020 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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Aspen; Colorado; USA; March 2020 |
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MSIAU; 600.122; 600.130 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ RMP2020 |
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3291 |
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Andres Mafla; Sounak Dey; Ali Furkan Biten; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Fine-grained Image Classification and Retrieval by Combining Visual and Locally Pooled Textual Features |
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2020 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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Text contained in an image carries high-level semantics that can be exploited to achieve richer image understanding. In particular, the mere presence of text provides strong guiding content that should be employed to tackle a diversity of computer vision tasks such as image retrieval, fine-grained classification, and visual question answering. In this paper, we address the problem of fine-grained classification and image retrieval by leveraging textual information along with visual cues to comprehend the existing intrinsic relation between the two modalities. The novelty of the proposed model consists of the usage of a PHOC descriptor to construct a bag of textual words along with a Fisher Vector Encoding that captures the morphology of text. This approach provides a stronger multimodal representation for this task and as our experiments demonstrate, it achieves state-of-the-art results on two different tasks, fine-grained classification and image retrieval. |
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Aspen; Colorado; USA; March 2020 |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.129 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ MDB2020 |
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3334 |
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Xavier Soria; Edgar Riba; Angel Sappa |
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Dense Extreme Inception Network: Towards a Robust CNN Model for Edge Detection |
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2020 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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This paper proposes a Deep Learning based edge detector, which is inspired on both HED (Holistically-Nested Edge Detection) and Xception networks. The proposed approach generates thin edge-maps that are plausible for human eyes; it can be used in any edge detection task without previous training or fine tuning process. As a second contribution, a large dataset with carefully annotated edges has been generated. This dataset has been used for training the proposed approach as well the state-of-the-art algorithms for comparisons. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations have been performed on different benchmarks showing improvements with the proposed method when F-measure of ODS and OIS are considered. |
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Aspen; USA; March 2020 |
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MSIAU; 600.130; 601.349; 600.122 |
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Admin @ si @ SRS2020 |
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3434 |
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Pau Rodriguez; Diego Velazquez; Guillem Cucurull; Josep M. Gonfaus; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Pay attention to the activations: a modular attention mechanism for fine-grained image recognition |
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2020 |
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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia |
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TMM |
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22 |
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2 |
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502-514 |
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Fine-grained image recognition is central to many multimedia tasks such as search, retrieval, and captioning. Unfortunately, these tasks are still challenging since the appearance of samples of the same class can be more different than those from different classes. This issue is mainly due to changes in deformation, pose, and the presence of clutter. In the literature, attention has been one of the most successful strategies to handle the aforementioned problems. Attention has been typically implemented in neural networks by selecting the most informative regions of the image that improve classification. In contrast, in this paper, attention is not applied at the image level but to the convolutional feature activations. In essence, with our approach, the neural model learns to attend to lower-level feature activations without requiring part annotations and uses those activations to update and rectify the output likelihood distribution. The proposed mechanism is modular, architecture-independent, and efficient in terms of both parameters and computation required. Experiments demonstrate that well-known networks such as wide residual networks and ResNeXt, when augmented with our approach, systematically improve their classification accuracy and become more robust to changes in deformation and pose and to the presence of clutter. As a result, our proposal reaches state-of-the-art classification accuracies in CIFAR-10, the Adience gender recognition task, Stanford Dogs, and UEC-Food100 while obtaining competitive performance in ImageNet, CIFAR-100, CUB200 Birds, and Stanford Cars. In addition, we analyze the different components of our model, showing that the proposed attention modules succeed in finding the most discriminative regions of the image. Finally, as a proof of concept, we demonstrate that with only local predictions, an augmented neural network can successfully classify an image before reaching any fully connected layer, thus reducing the computational amount up to 10%. |
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ISE; 600.119; 600.098 |
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Admin @ si @ RVC2020a |
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3417 |
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Yi Xiao; Felipe Codevilla; Akhil Gurram; Onay Urfalioglu; Antonio Lopez |
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Multimodal end-to-end autonomous driving |
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2020 |
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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
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TITS |
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A crucial component of an autonomous vehicle (AV) is the artificial intelligence (AI) is able to drive towards a desired destination. Today, there are different paradigms addressing the development of AI drivers. On the one hand, we find modular pipelines, which divide the driving task into sub-tasks such as perception and maneuver planning and control. On the other hand, we find end-to-end driving approaches that try to learn a direct mapping from input raw sensor data to vehicle control signals. The later are relatively less studied, but are gaining popularity since they are less demanding in terms of sensor data annotation. This paper focuses on end-to-end autonomous driving. So far, most proposals relying on this paradigm assume RGB images as input sensor data. However, AVs will not be equipped only with cameras, but also with active sensors providing accurate depth information (e.g., LiDARs). Accordingly, this paper analyses whether combining RGB and depth modalities, i.e. using RGBD data, produces better end-to-end AI drivers than relying on a single modality. We consider multimodality based on early, mid and late fusion schemes, both in multisensory and single-sensor (monocular depth estimation) settings. Using the CARLA simulator and conditional imitation learning (CIL), we show how, indeed, early fusion multimodality outperforms single-modality. |
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ADAS |
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Admin @ si @ XCG2020 |
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3490 |
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Shifeng Zhang; Ajian Liu; Jun Wan; Yanyan Liang; Guogong Guo; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Stan Z. Li |
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CASIA-SURF: A Dataset and Benchmark for Large-scale Multi-modal Face Anti-spoofing |
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2020 |
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IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science |
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TTBIS |
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2 |
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2 |
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182 - 193 |
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Face anti-spoofing is essential to prevent face recognition systems from a security breach. Much of the progresses have been made by the availability of face anti-spoofing benchmark datasets in recent years. However, existing face anti-spoofing benchmarks have limited number of subjects (≤170) and modalities (≤2), which hinder the further development of the academic community. To facilitate face anti-spoofing research, we introduce a large-scale multi-modal dataset, namely CASIA-SURF, which is the largest publicly available dataset for face anti-spoofing in terms of both subjects and modalities. Specifically, it consists of 1,000 subjects with 21,000 videos and each sample has 3 modalities ( i.e. , RGB, Depth and IR). We also provide comprehensive evaluation metrics, diverse evaluation protocols, training/validation/testing subsets and a measurement tool, developing a new benchmark for face anti-spoofing. Moreover, we present a novel multi-modal multi-scale fusion method as a strong baseline, which performs feature re-weighting to select the more informative channel features while suppressing the less useful ones for each modality across different scales. Extensive experiments have been conducted on the proposed dataset to verify its significance and generalization capability. The dataset is available at https://sites.google.com/qq.com/face-anti-spoofing/welcome/challengecvpr2019?authuser=0 |
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HuPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ ZLW2020 |
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3412 |
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Fei Yang; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer; Jose Antonio Iglesias; Antonio Lopez; Mikhail Mozerov |
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Variable Rate Deep Image Compression with Modulated Autoencoder |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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IEEE Signal Processing Letters |
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SPL |
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27 |
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331-335 |
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Variable rate is a requirement for flexible and adaptable image and video compression. However, deep image compression methods (DIC) are optimized for a single fixed rate-distortion (R-D) tradeoff. While this can be addressed by training multiple models for different tradeoffs, the memory requirements increase proportionally to the number of models. Scaling the bottleneck representation of a shared autoencoder can provide variable rate compression with a single shared autoencoder. However, the R-D performance using this simple mechanism degrades in low bitrates, and also shrinks the effective range of bitrates. To address these limitations, we formulate the problem of variable R-D optimization for DIC, and propose modulated autoencoders (MAEs), where the representations of a shared autoencoder are adapted to the specific R-D tradeoff via a modulation network. Jointly training this modulated autoencoder and the modulation network provides an effective way to navigate the R-D operational curve. Our experiments show that the proposed method can achieve almost the same R-D performance of independent models with significantly fewer parameters. |
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LAMP; ADAS; 600.141; 600.120; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ YHW2020 |
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3346 |
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Author |
Margarita Torre; Beatriz Remeseiro; Petia Radeva; Fernando Martinez |
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Title |
DeepNEM: Deep Network Energy-Minimization for Agricultural Field Segmentation |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
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JSTAEOR |
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13 |
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726-737 |
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One of the main characteristics of agricultural fields is that the appearance of different crops and their growth status, in an aerial image, is varied, and has a wide range of radiometric values and high level of variability. The extraction of these fields and their monitoring are activities that require a high level of human intervention. In this article, we propose a novel automatic algorithm, named deep network energy-minimization (DeepNEM), to extract agricultural fields in aerial images. The model-guided process selects the most relevant image clues extracted by a deep network, completes them and finally generates regions that represent the agricultural fields under a minimization scheme. DeepNEM has been tested over a broad range of fields in terms of size, shape, and content. Different measures were used to compare the DeepNEM with other methods, and to prove that it represents an improved approach to achieve a high-quality segmentation of agricultural fields. Furthermore, this article also presents a new public dataset composed of 1200 images with their parcels boundaries annotations. |
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MILAB |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TRR2020 |
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3410 |
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Author |
Estefania Talavera; Maria Leyva-Vallina; Md. Mostafa Kamal Sarker; Domenec Puig; Nicolai Petkov; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Hierarchical approach to classify food scenes in egocentric photo-streams |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics |
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J-BHI |
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24 |
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3 |
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866 - 877 |
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Recent studies have shown that the environment where people eat can affect their nutritional behaviour. In this work, we provide automatic tools for a personalised analysis of a person's health habits by the examination of daily recorded egocentric photo-streams. Specifically, we propose a new automatic approach for the classification of food-related environments, that is able to classify up to 15 such scenes. In this way, people can monitor the context around their food intake in order to get an objective insight into their daily eating routine. We propose a model that classifies food-related scenes organized in a semantic hierarchy. Additionally, we present and make available a new egocentric dataset composed of more than 33000 images recorded by a wearable camera, over which our proposed model has been tested. Our approach obtains an accuracy and F-score of 56\% and 65\%, respectively, clearly outperforming the baseline methods. |
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MILAB; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ TLM2020 |
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3380 |
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