| Home | << 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >> [11–14] |
|
| Records | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Alberto Hidalgo; Ferran Poveda; Enric Marti;Debora Gil;Albert Andaluz; Francesc Carreras; Manuel Ballester | ||||
| Title | Evidence of continuous helical structure of the cardiac ventricular anatomy assessed by diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance multiresolution tractography | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | European Radiology | Abbreviated Journal | ECR |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 361-362 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Deep understanding of myocardial structure linking morphology and func- tion of the heart would unravel crucial knowledge for medical and surgical clinical procedures and studies. Diffusion tensor MRI provides a discrete measurement of the 3D arrangement of myocardial fibres by the observation of local anisotropic
diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues. In this work, we present a multi- scale visualisation technique based on DT-MRI streamlining capable of uncovering additional properties of the architectural organisation of the heart. Methods and Materials: We selected the John Hopkins University (JHU) Canine Heart Dataset, where the long axis cardiac plane is aligned with the scanner’s Z- axis. Their equipment included a 4-element passed array coil emitting a 1.5 T. For DTI acquisition, a 3D-FSE sequence is apply. We used 200 seeds for full-scale tractography, while we applied a MIP mapping technique for simplified tractographic reconstruction. In this case, we reduced each DTI 3D volume dimensions by order- two magnitude before streamlining. Our simplified tractographic reconstruction method keeps the main geometric features of fibres, allowing for an easier identification of their global morphological disposition, including the ventricular basal ring. Moreover, we noticed a clearly visible helical disposition of the myocardial fibres, in line with the helical myocardial band ventricular structure described by Torrent-Guasp. Finally, our simplified visualisation with single tracts identifies the main segments of the helical ventricular architecture. DT-MRI makes possible the identification of a continuous helical architecture of the myocardial fibres, which validates Torrent-Guasp’s helical myocardial band ventricular anatomical model. |
||||
| Address | Viena, Austria | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Link | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1869-4101 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes  |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ HPM2012 | Serial | 1858 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Albert Andaluz | ||||
| Title | Harmonic Phase Flow: User's guide | Type | Manual | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | HPF is a plugin for the computation of clinical scores under Osirix.
This manual provides a basic guide for experienced clinical staff. Chapter 1 provides the theoretical background in which this plugin is based. Next, in chapter 2 we provide basic instructions for installing and uninstalling this plugin. chapter 3we shows a step-by-step scenario to compute clinical scores from tagged-MRI images with HPF. Finally, in chapter 4 we provide a quick guide for plugin developers |
||||
| Address | Bellaterra, Barcelona (Spain) | ||||
| Corporate Author | Computer Vision Center | Thesis | |||
| Publisher | CVC | Place of Publication | Barcelona | Editor | |
| Language | english | Summary Language | english | Original Title | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ And2012 | Serial | 1863 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Patricia Marquez; Debora Gil ; Aura Hernandez-Sabate | ||||
| Title | Error Analysis for Lucas-Kanade Based Schemes | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 9th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7324 | Issue | I | Pages | 184-191 |
| Keywords | Optical flow, Confidence measure, Lucas-Kanade, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance | ||||
| Abstract | Optical flow is a valuable tool for motion analysis in medical imaging sequences. A reliable application requires determining the accuracy of the computed optical flow. This is a main challenge given the absence of ground truth in medical sequences. This paper presents an error analysis of Lucas-Kanade schemes in terms of intrinsic design errors and numerical stability of the algorithm. Our analysis provides a confidence measure that is naturally correlated to the accuracy of the flow field. Our experiments show the higher predictive value of our confidence measure compared to existing measures. | ||||
| Address | Aveiro, Portugal | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | english | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Campilho, Aurélio and Kamel, Mohamed | Series Title | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS |
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-31294-6 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICIAR | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ MGH2012a | Serial | 1899 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Albert Andaluz; Francesc Carreras; Cristina Santa Marta;Debora Gil | ||||
| Title | Myocardial torsion estimation with Tagged-MRI in the OsiriX platform | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | ISBI Workshop on Open Source Medical Image Analysis software | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Myocardial torsion (MT) plays a crucial role in the assessment of the functionality of the
left ventricle. For this purpose, the IAM group at the CVC has developed the Harmonic Phase Flow (HPF) plugin for the Osirix DICOM platform . We have validated its funcionalty on sequences acquired using different protocols and including healthy and pathological cases. Results show similar torsion trends for SPAMM acquisitions, with pathological cases introducing expected deviations from the ground truth. Finally, we provide the plugin free of charge at http://iam.cvc.uab.es |
||||
| Address | Barcelona, Spain | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | IEEE | Place of Publication | Editor | Wiro Niessen (Erasmus MC) and Marc Modat (UCL) | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ISBI | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ ACS2012 | Serial | 1900 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Ferran Poveda; Enric Marti; Debora Gil; Francesc Carreras; Manel Ballester | ||||
| Title | Helical Structure of Ventricular Anatomy by Diffusion Tensor Cardiac MR Tractography | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Journal of American College of Cardiology | Abbreviated Journal | JACC |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 754-755 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | It is widely accepted that myocardial fiber architecture plays a critical role in myocardial contractility and relaxation (1). However, there is a lack of consensus about the distribution of the myocardial fibers and their spatial arrangement in the left and right ventricles. An understanding of the cardiac architecture should benefit the ventricular functional assessment, left ventricular reconstructive surgery planning, or resynchronization therapy in heart failure. Researchers have proposed several conceptual models to describe the architecture of the heart, ranging from gross dissection to histological presentation. The cardiac mesh model (2) proposes that the myocytes are arranged longitudinally and radially change their angulation along the myocardial depth. By contrast, the helical ventricular myocardial model states that the ventricular myocardium is a continuous anatomical helical layout of myocardial fibers (1 | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1936-878X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ PMG2012 | Serial | 1985 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Ferran Poveda; Debora Gil;Enric Marti | ||||
| Title | Multi-resolution DT-MRI cardiac tractography | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Statistical Atlases And Computational Models Of The Heart: Imaging and Modelling Challenges | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7746 | Issue | Pages | 270-277 | |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Even using objective measures from DT-MRI no consensus about myocardial architecture has been achieved so far. Streamlining provides good reconstructions at low level of detail, but falls short to give global abstract interpretations. In this paper, we present a multi-resolution methodology that is able to produce simplified representations of cardiac architecture. Our approach produces a reduced set of tracts that are representative of the main geometric features of myocardial anatomical structure. Experiments show that fiber geometry is preserved along reductions, which validates the simplified model for interpretation of cardiac architecture. | ||||
| Address | Nice, France | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-36960-5 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | STACOM | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ PGM2012 | Serial | 1986 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Debora Gil;Agnes Borras;Ruth Aris;Mariano Vazquez;Pierre Lafortune; Guillame Houzeaux | ||||
| Title | What a difference in biomechanics cardiac fiber makes | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Statistical Atlases And Computational Models Of The Heart: Imaging and Modelling Challenges | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7746 | Issue | Pages | 253-260 | |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Computational simulations of the heart are a powerful tool for a comprehensive understanding of cardiac function and its intrinsic relationship with its muscular architecture. Cardiac biomechanical models require a vector field representing the orientation of cardiac fibers. A wrong orientation of the fibers can lead to a
non-realistic simulation of the heart functionality. In this paper we explore the impact of the fiber information on the simulated biomechanics of cardiac muscular anatomy. We have used the John Hopkins database to perform a biomechanical simulation using both a synthetic benchmark fiber distribution and the data obtained experimentally from DTI. Results illustrate how differences in fiber orientation affect heart deformation along cardiac cycle. |
||||
| Address | Nice, France | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-36960-5 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | STACOM | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ GBA2012 | Serial | 1987 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sergio Vera; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester; Debora Gil | ||||
| Title | Optimal Medial Surface Generation for Anatomical Volume Representations | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abdominal Imaging. Computational and Clinical Applications | Abbreviated Journal | LNCS |
| Volume | 7601 | Issue | Pages | 265-273 | |
| Keywords | Medial surface representation; volume reconstruction | ||||
| Abstract | Medial representations are a widely used technique in abdominal organ shape representation and parametrization. Those methods require good medial manifolds as a starting point. Any medial
surface used to parametrize a volume should be simple enough to allow an easy manipulation and complete enough to allow an accurate reconstruction of the volume. Obtaining good quality medial surfaces is still a problem with current iterative thinning methods. This forces the usage of generic, pre-calculated medial templates that are adapted to the final shape at the cost of a drop in volume reconstruction. This paper describes an operator for generation of medial structures that generates clean and complete manifolds well suited for their further use in medial representations of abdominal organ volumes. While being simpler than thinning surfaces, experiments show its high performance in volume reconstruction and preservation of medial surface main branching topology. |
||||
| Address | Nice, France | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | Yoshida, Hiroyuki and Hawkes, David and Vannier, MichaelW. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-33611-9 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | STACOM | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ VGG2012b | Serial | 1988 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sergio Vera; Miguel Angel Gonzalez Ballester; Debora Gil | ||||
| Title | A medial map capturing the essential geometry of organs | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | ISBI Workshop on Open Source Medical Image Analysis software | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1691 - 1694 | ||
| Keywords | Medial Surface Representation, Volume Reconstruction,Geometry , Image reconstruction , Liver , Manifolds , Shape , Surface morphology , Surface reconstruction | ||||
| Abstract | Medial representations are powerful tools for describing and parameterizing the volumetric shape of anatomical structures. Accurate computation of one pixel wide medial surfaces is mandatory. Those surfaces must represent faithfully the geometry of the volume. Although morphological methods produce excellent results in 2D, their complexity and quality drops across dimensions, due to a more complex description of pixel neighborhoods. This paper introduces a continuous operator for accurate and efficient computation of medial structures of arbitrary dimension. Our experiments show its higher performance for medical imaging applications in terms of simplicity of medial structures and capability for reconstructing the anatomical volume | ||||
| Address | Barcelona,Spain | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | IEEE | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1945-7928 | ISBN | 978-1-4577-1857-1 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ISBI | ||
| Notes |
IAM | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | IAM @ iam @ VGG2012a | Serial | 1989 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Antonio Hernandez; Miguel Angel Bautista; Xavier Perez Sala; Victor Ponce; Xavier Baro; Oriol Pujol; Cecilio Angulo; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | BoVDW: Bag-of-Visual-and-Depth-Words for Gesture Recognition | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 21st International Conference on Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | We present a Bag-of-Visual-and-Depth-Words (BoVDW) model for gesture recognition, an extension of the Bag-of-Visual-Words (BoVW) model, that benefits from the multimodal fusion of visual and depth features. State-of-the-art RGB and depth features, including a new proposed depth descriptor, are analysed and combined in a late fusion fashion. The method is integrated in a continuous gesture recognition pipeline, where Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm is used to perform prior segmentation of gestures. Results of the method in public data sets, within our gesture recognition pipeline, show better performance in comparison to a standard BoVW model. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1051-4651 | ISBN | 978-1-4673-2216-4 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICPR | ||
| Notes |
HuPBA;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ HBP2012 | Serial | 2122 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Albert Clapes; Miguel Reyes; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | User Identification and Object Recognition in Clutter Scenes Based on RGB-Depth Analysis | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 7th Conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7378 | Issue | Pages | 1-11 | |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | We propose an automatic system for user identification and object recognition based on multi-modal RGB-Depth data analysis. We model a RGBD environment learning a pixel-based background Gaussian distribution. Then, user and object candidate regions are detected and recognized online using robust statistical approaches over RGBD descriptions. Finally, the system saves the historic of user-object assignments, being specially useful for surveillance scenarios. The system has been evaluated on a novel data set containing different indoor/outdoor scenarios, objects, and users, showing accurate recognition and better performance than standard state-of-the-art approaches. | ||||
| Address | Mallorca | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-31566-4 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | AMDO | ||
| Notes |
HUPBA;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CRE2012 | Serial | 2010 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Three-Dimensional Design of Error Correcting Output Codes | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 8th International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 29- | ||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | Berlin, Germany | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | MLDM | ||
| Notes |
HuPBA;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGE2012a | Serial | 2041 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Error Correcting Output Codes for multiclass classification: Application to two image vision problems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 16th symposium on Artificial Intelligence & Signal Processing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 508-513 | ||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Error-correcting output codes (ECOC) represents a powerful framework to deal with multiclass classification problems based on combining binary classifiers. The key factor affecting the performance of ECOC methods is the independence of binary classifiers, without which the ECOC method would be ineffective. In spite of its ability on classification of problems with relatively large number of classes, it has been applied in few real world problems. In this paper, we investigate the behavior of the ECOC approach on two image vision problems: logo recognition and shape classification using Decision Tree and AdaBoost as the base learners. The results show that the ECOC method can be used to improve the classification performance in comparison with the classical multiclass approaches. | ||||
| Address | Shiraz, Iran | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | IEEE Xplore | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | 978-1-4673-1478-7 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | AISP | ||
| Notes |
HuPBA;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGE2012b | Serial | 2042 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Qigang Gao; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Efficient pairwise classification using Local Cross Off strategy | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 25th Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7310 | Issue | Pages | 25-36 | |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | The pairwise classification approach tends to perform better than other well-known approaches when dealing with multiclass classification problems. In the pairwise approach, however, the nuisance votes of many irrelevant classifiers may result in a wrong prediction class. To overcome this problem, a novel method, Local Crossing Off (LCO), is presented and evaluated in this paper. The proposed LCO system takes advantage of nearest neighbor classification algorithm because of its simplicity and speed, as well as the strength of other two powerful binary classifiers to discriminate between two classes. This paper provides a set of experimental results on 20 datasets using two base learners: Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines. The results show that the proposed technique not only achieves better classification accuracy, but also is computationally more efficient for tackling classification problems which have a relatively large number of target classes. | ||||
| Address | Toronto, Ontario | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-30352-4 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | AI | ||
| Notes |
HuPBA;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGE2012c | Serial | 2044 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Miguel Reyes; Albert Clapes; Luis Felipe Mejia; Jose Ramirez; Juan R Revilla; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Posture Analysis and Range of Movement Estimation using Depth Maps | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 21st International Conference on Pattern Recognition International Workshop on Depth Image Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7854 | Issue | Pages | 97-105 | |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | World Health Organization estimates that 80% of the world population is affected of back pain during his life. Current practices to analyze back problems are expensive, subjective, and invasive. In this work, we propose a novel tool for posture and range of movement estimation based on the analysis of 3D information from depth maps. Given a set of keypoints defined by the user, RGB and depth data are aligned, depth surface is reconstructed, keypoints are matching using a novel point-to-point fitting procedure, and accurate measurements about posture, spinal curvature, and range of movement are computed. The system shows high precision and reliable measurements, being useful for posture reeducation purposes to prevent musculoskeletal disorders, such as back pain, as well as tracking the posture evolution of patients in rehabilitation treatments. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-40302-6 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | WDIA | ||
| Notes |
HuPBA;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RCM2012 | Serial | 2121 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||