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Author | Klara Janousckova; Jiri Matas; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
Title | Text Recognition – Real World Data and Where to Find Them | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 4489-4496 | ||
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Abstract | We present a method for exploiting weakly annotated images to improve text extraction pipelines. The approach uses an arbitrary end-to-end text recognition system to obtain text region proposals and their, possibly erroneous, transcriptions. The method includes matching of imprecise transcriptions to weak annotations and an edit distance guided neighbourhood search. It produces nearly error-free, localised instances of scene text, which we treat as “pseudo ground truth” (PGT). The method is applied to two weakly-annotated datasets. Training with the extracted PGT consistently improves the accuracy of a state of the art recognition model, by 3.7% on average, across different benchmark datasets (image domains) and 24.5% on one of the weakly annotated datasets 1 1 Acknowledgements. The authors were supported by Czech Technical University student grant SGS20/171/0HK3/3TJ13, the MEYS VVV project CZ.02.1.01/0.010.0J16 019/0000765 Research Center for Informatics, the Spanish Research project TIN2017-89779-P and the CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya. | ||||
Address | Virtual; January 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICPR | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.129 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ JMG2020 | Serial | 3557 | ||
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Author | Asma Bensalah; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes; Cristina Carmona_Duarte; Josep Llados; Miguel A. Ferrer | ||||
Title | Towards Stroke Patients' Upper-limb Automatic Motor Assessment Using Smartwatches. | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare Applications | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 12661 | Issue | Pages | 476-489 | |
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Abstract | Assessing the physical condition in rehabilitation scenarios is a challenging problem, since it involves Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and kinematic analysis methods. In addition, the difficulties increase in unconstrained rehabilitation scenarios, which are much closer to the real use cases. In particular, our aim is to design an upper-limb assessment pipeline for stroke patients using smartwatches. We focus on the HAR task, as it is the first part of the assessing pipeline. Our main target is to automatically detect and recognize four key movements inspired by the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, which are performed in both constrained and unconstrained scenarios. In addition to the application protocol and dataset, we propose two detection and classification baseline methods. We believe that the proposed framework, dataset and baseline results will serve to foster this research field. | ||||
Address | Virtual; January 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICPRW | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.140; | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ BCF2020 | Serial | 3508 | ||
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Author | Pau Riba; Andreas Fischer; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes | ||||
Title | Learning Graph Edit Distance by Graph NeuralNetworks | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Arxiv | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | The emergence of geometric deep learning as a novel framework to deal with graph-based representations has faded away traditional approaches in favor of completely new methodologies. In this paper, we propose a new framework able to combine the advances on deep metric learning with traditional approximations of the graph edit distance. Hence, we propose an efficient graph distance based on the novel field of geometric deep learning. Our method employs a message passing neural network to capture the graph structure, and thus, leveraging this information for its use on a distance computation. The performance of the proposed graph distance is validated on two different scenarios. On the one hand, in a graph retrieval of handwritten words~\ie~keyword spotting, showing its superior performance when compared with (approximate) graph edit distance benchmarks. On the other hand, demonstrating competitive results for graph similarity learning when compared with the current state-of-the-art on a recent benchmark dataset. | ||||
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Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.140; 601.302 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ RFL2020 | Serial | 3555 | ||
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Author | Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas | ||||
Title | Distilling Content from Style for Handwritten Word Recognition | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | 17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | Despite the latest transcription accuracies reached using deep neural network architectures, handwritten text recognition still remains a challenging problem, mainly because of the large inter-writer style variability. Both augmenting the training set with artificial samples using synthetic fonts, and writer adaptation techniques have been proposed to yield more generic approaches aimed at dodging style unevenness. In this work, we take a step closer to learn style independent features from handwritten word images. We propose a novel method that is able to disentangle the content and style aspects of input images by jointly optimizing a generative process and a handwritten
word recognizer. The generator is aimed at transferring writing style features from one sample to another in an image-to-image translation approach, thus leading to a learned content-centric features that shall be independent to writing style attributes. Our proposed recognition model is able then to leverage such writer-agnostic features to reach better recognition performances. We advance over prior training strategies and demonstrate with qualitative and quantitative evaluations the performance of both the generative process and the recognition efficiency in the IAM dataset. |
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Address | Virtual ICFHR; September 2020 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICFHR | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.129; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ KRR2020 | Serial | 3425 | ||
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Author | Lei Kang; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas | ||||
Title | Unsupervised Adaptation for Synthetic-to-Real Handwritten Word Recognition | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is still a challenging problem because it must deal with two important difficulties: the variability among writing styles, and the scarcity of labelled data. To alleviate such problems, synthetic data generation and data augmentation are typically used to train HTR systems. However, training with such data produces encouraging but still inaccurate transcriptions in real words. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised writer adaptation approach that is able to automatically adjust a generic handwritten word recognizer, fully trained with synthetic fonts, towards a new incoming writer. We have experimentally validated our proposal using five different datasets, covering several challenges (i) the document source: modern and historic samples, which may involve paper degradation problems; (ii) different handwriting styles: single and multiple writer collections; and (iii) language, which involves different character combinations. Across these challenging collections, we show that our system is able to maintain its performance, thus, it provides a practical and generic approach to deal with new document collections without requiring any expensive and tedious manual annotation step. | ||||
Address | Aspen; Colorado; USA; March 2020 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | WACV | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.129; 600.140; 601.302; 601.312; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ KRF2020 | Serial | 3446 | ||
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Author | Arnau Baro; Alicia Fornes; Carles Badal | ||||
Title | Handwritten Historical Music Recognition by Sequence-to-Sequence with Attention Mechanism | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | 17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | Despite decades of research in Optical Music Recognition (OMR), the recognition of old handwritten music scores remains a challenge because of the variabilities in the handwriting styles, paper degradation, lack of standard notation, etc. Therefore, the research in OMR systems adapted to the particularities of old manuscripts is crucial to accelerate the conversion of music scores existing in archives into digital libraries, fostering the dissemination and preservation of our music heritage. In this paper we explore the adaptation of sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanism (used in translation and handwritten text recognition) and the generation of specific synthetic data for recognizing old music scores. The experimental validation demonstrates that our approach is promising, especially when compared with long short-term memory neural networks. | ||||
Address | Virtual ICFHR; September 2020 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICFHR | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ BFB2020 | Serial | 3448 | ||
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Author | Beata Megyesi; Bernhard Esslinger; Alicia Fornes; Nils Kopal; Benedek Lang; George Lasry; Karl de Leeuw; Eva Pettersson; Arno Wacker; Michelle Waldispuhl | ||||
Title | Decryption of historical manuscripts: the DECRYPT project | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Cryptologia | Abbreviated Journal | CRYPT |
Volume | 44 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 545-559 |
Keywords | automatic decryption; cipher collection; historical cryptology; image transcription | ||||
Abstract | Many historians and linguists are working individually and in an uncoordinated fashion on the identification and decryption of historical ciphers. This is a time-consuming process as they often work without access to automatic methods and processes that can accelerate the decipherment. At the same time, computer scientists and cryptologists are developing algorithms to decrypt various cipher types without having access to a large number of original ciphertexts. In this paper, we describe the DECRYPT project aiming at the creation of resources and tools for historical cryptology by bringing the expertise of various disciplines together for collecting data, exchanging methods for faster progress to transcribe, decrypt and contextualize historical encrypted manuscripts. We present our goals and work-in progress of a general approach for analyzing historical encrypted manuscripts using standardized methods and a new set of state-of-the-art tools. We release the data and tools as open-source hoping that all mentioned disciplines would benefit and contribute to the research infrastructure of historical cryptology. | ||||
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Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ MEF2020 | Serial | 3347 | ||
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Author | Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora | ||||
Title | Browsing of the Social Network of the Past: Information Extraction from Population Manuscript Images | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Handwritten Historical Document Analysis, Recognition, and Retrieval – State of the Art and Future Trends | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Publisher | World Scientific | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | ISBN | 978-981-120-323-7 | Medium | ||
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Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ FLP2020 | Serial | 3350 | ||
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Author | B. Gautam; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Joana Maria Pujadas-Mora; Miquel Valls-Figols | ||||
Title | Knowledge graph based methods for record linkage | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
Volume | 136 | Issue | Pages | 127-133 | |
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Abstract | Nowadays, it is common in Historical Demography the use of individual-level data as a consequence of a predominant life-course approach for the understanding of the demographic behaviour, family transition, mobility, etc. Advanced record linkage is key since it allows increasing the data complexity and its volume to be analyzed. However, current methods are constrained to link data from the same kind of sources. Knowledge graph are flexible semantic representations, which allow to encode data variability and semantic relations in a structured manner.
In this paper we propose the use of knowledge graph methods to tackle record linkage tasks. The proposed method, named WERL, takes advantage of the main knowledge graph properties and learns embedding vectors to encode census information. These embeddings are properly weighted to maximize the record linkage performance. We have evaluated this method on benchmark data sets and we have compared it to related methods with stimulating and satisfactory results. |
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Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ GRP2020 | Serial | 3453 | ||
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Author | Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Yaxing Wang; Marçal Rusiñol; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas | ||||
Title | GANwriting: Content-Conditioned Generation of Styled Handwritten Word Images | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | 16th European Conference on Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | Although current image generation methods have reached impressive quality levels, they are still unable to produce plausible yet diverse images of handwritten words. On the contrary, when writing by hand, a great variability is observed across different writers, and even when analyzing words scribbled by the same individual, involuntary variations are conspicuous. In this work, we take a step closer to producing realistic and varied artificially rendered handwritten words. We propose a novel method that is able to produce credible handwritten word images by conditioning the generative process with both calligraphic style features and textual content. Our generator is guided by three complementary learning objectives: to produce realistic images, to imitate a certain handwriting style and to convey a specific textual content. Our model is unconstrained to any predefined vocabulary, being able to render whatever input word. Given a sample writer, it is also able to mimic its calligraphic features in a few-shot setup. We significantly advance over prior art and demonstrate with qualitative, quantitative and human-based evaluations the realistic aspect of our synthetically produced images. | ||||
Address | Virtual; August 2020 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ECCV | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121; 600.129 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ KPW2020 | Serial | 3426 | ||
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Author | Anjan Dutta; Pau Riba; Josep Llados; Alicia Fornes | ||||
Title | Hierarchical Stochastic Graphlet Embedding for Graph-based Pattern Recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Neural Computing and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | NEUCOMA |
Volume | 32 | Issue | Pages | 11579–11596 | |
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Abstract | Despite being very successful within the pattern recognition and machine learning community, graph-based methods are often unusable because of the lack of mathematical operations defined in graph domain. Graph embedding, which maps graphs to a vectorial space, has been proposed as a way to tackle these difficulties enabling the use of standard machine learning techniques. However, it is well known that graph embedding functions usually suffer from the loss of structural information. In this paper, we consider the hierarchical structure of a graph as a way to mitigate this loss of information. The hierarchical structure is constructed by topologically clustering the graph nodes and considering each cluster as a node in the upper hierarchical level. Once this hierarchical structure is constructed, we consider several configurations to define the mapping into a vector space given a classical graph embedding, in particular, we propose to make use of the stochastic graphlet embedding (SGE). Broadly speaking, SGE produces a distribution of uniformly sampled low-to-high-order graphlets as a way to embed graphs into the vector space. In what follows, the coarse-to-fine structure of a graph hierarchy and the statistics fetched by the SGE complements each other and includes important structural information with varied contexts. Altogether, these two techniques substantially cope with the usual information loss involved in graph embedding techniques, obtaining a more robust graph representation. This fact has been corroborated through a detailed experimental evaluation on various benchmark graph datasets, where we outperform the state-of-the-art methods. | ||||
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Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121; 600.141 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ DRL2020 | Serial | 3348 | ||
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Author | Manuel Carbonell; Alicia Fornes; Mauricio Villegas; Josep Llados | ||||
Title | A Neural Model for Text Localization, Transcription and Named Entity Recognition in Full Pages | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
Volume | 136 | Issue | Pages | 219-227 | |
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Abstract | In the last years, the consolidation of deep neural network architectures for information extraction in document images has brought big improvements in the performance of each of the tasks involved in this process, consisting of text localization, transcription, and named entity recognition. However, this process is traditionally performed with separate methods for each task. In this work we propose an end-to-end model that combines a one stage object detection network with branches for the recognition of text and named entities respectively in a way that shared features can be learned simultaneously from the training error of each of the tasks. By doing so the model jointly performs handwritten text detection, transcription, and named entity recognition at page level with a single feed forward step. We exhaustively evaluate our approach on different datasets, discussing its advantages and limitations compared to sequential approaches. The results show that the model is capable of benefiting from shared features by simultaneously solving interdependent tasks. | ||||
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Notes | DAG; 600.140; 601.311; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ CFV2020 | Serial | 3451 | ||
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Author | Jialuo Chen; M.A.Souibgui; Alicia Fornes; Beata Megyesi | ||||
Title | A Web-based Interactive Transcription Tool for Encrypted Manuscripts | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | 3rd International Conference on Historical Cryptology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 52-59 | ||
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Abstract | Manual transcription of handwritten text is a time consuming task. In the case of encrypted manuscripts, the recognition is even more complex due to the huge variety of alphabets and symbol sets. To speed up and ease this process, we present a web-based tool aimed to (semi)-automatically transcribe the encrypted sources. The user uploads one or several images of the desired encrypted document(s) as input, and the system returns the transcription(s). This process is carried out in an interactive fashion with
the user to obtain more accurate results. For discovering and testing, the developed web tool is freely available. |
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Address | Virtual; June 2020 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | HistoCrypt | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.140; 602.230; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ CSF2020 | Serial | 3447 | ||
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Author | Jun Wan; Guodong Guo; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Stan Z. Li | ||||
Title | Multi-modal Face Presentation Attach Detection | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 13 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Notes | HuPBA | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ WGE2020 | Serial | 3440 | ||
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Author | Tomas Sixta; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Pau Buch Cardona; Eduard Vazquez; Sergio Escalera | ||||
Title | FairFace Challenge at ECCV 2020: Analyzing Bias in Face Recognition | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | ECCV Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 12540 | Issue | Pages | 463-481 | |
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Abstract | This work summarizes the 2020 ChaLearn Looking at People Fair Face Recognition and Analysis Challenge and provides a description of the top-winning solutions and analysis of the results. The aim of the challenge was to evaluate accuracy and bias in gender and skin colour of submitted algorithms on the task of 1:1 face verification in the presence of other confounding attributes. Participants were evaluated using an in-the-wild dataset based on reannotated IJB-C, further enriched 12.5K new images and additional labels. The dataset is not balanced, which simulates a real world scenario where AI-based models supposed to present fair outcomes are trained and evaluated on imbalanced data. The challenge attracted 151 participants, who made more 1.8K submissions in total. The final phase of the challenge attracted 36 active teams out of which 10 exceeded 0.999 AUC-ROC while achieving very low scores in the proposed bias metrics. Common strategies by the participants were face pre-processing, homogenization of data distributions, the use of bias aware loss functions and ensemble models. The analysis of top-10 teams shows higher false positive rates (and lower false negative rates) for females with dark skin tone as well as the potential of eyeglasses and young age to increase the false positive rates too. | ||||
Address | Virtual; August 2020 | ||||
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Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ECCVW | ||
Notes | HUPBA | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ SJB2020 | Serial | 3499 | ||
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