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Author |
Ricardo Dario Perez Principi; Cristina Palmero; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Sergio Escalera |
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Title |
On the Effect of Observed Subject Biases in Apparent Personality Analysis from Audio-visual Signals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing |
Abbreviated Journal |
TAC |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
607-621 |
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Abstract |
Personality perception is implicitly biased due to many subjective factors, such as cultural, social, contextual, gender and appearance. Approaches developed for automatic personality perception are not expected to predict the real personality of the target, but the personality external observers attributed to it. Hence, they have to deal with human bias, inherently transferred to the training data. However, bias analysis in personality computing is an almost unexplored area. In this work, we study different possible sources of bias affecting personality perception, including emotions from facial expressions, attractiveness, age, gender, and ethnicity, as well as their influence on prediction ability for apparent personality estimation. To this end, we propose a multi-modal deep neural network that combines raw audio and visual information alongside predictions of attribute-specific models to regress apparent personality. We also analyse spatio-temporal aggregation schemes and the effect of different time intervals on first impressions. We base our study on the ChaLearn First Impressions dataset, consisting of one-person conversational videos. Our model shows state-of-the-art results regressing apparent personality based on the Big-Five model. Furthermore, given the interpretability nature of our network design, we provide an incremental analysis on the impact of each possible source of bias on final network predictions. |
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1 July-Sept. 2021 |
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HuPBA; no proj |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ PPJ2019 |
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3312 |
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Author |
Parichehr Behjati Ardakani; Pau Rodriguez; Armin Mehri; Isabelle Hupont; Carles Fernandez; Jordi Gonzalez |
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Title |
OverNet: Lightweight Multi-Scale Super-Resolution with Overscaling Network |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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2693-2702 |
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Super-resolution (SR) has achieved great success due to the development of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, as the depth and width of the networks increase, CNN-based SR methods have been faced with the challenge of computational complexity in practice. More- over, most SR methods train a dedicated model for each target resolution, losing generality and increasing memory requirements. To address these limitations we introduce OverNet, a deep but lightweight convolutional network to solve SISR at arbitrary scale factors with a single model. We make the following contributions: first, we introduce a lightweight feature extractor that enforces efficient reuse of information through a novel recursive structure of skip and dense connections. Second, to maximize the performance of the feature extractor, we propose a model agnostic reconstruction module that generates accurate high-resolution images from overscaled feature maps obtained from any SR architecture. Third, we introduce a multi-scale loss function to achieve generalization across scales. Experiments show that our proposal outperforms previous state-of-the-art approaches in standard benchmarks, while maintaining relatively low computation and memory requirements. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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WACV |
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ISE; 600.119; 600.098 |
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Admin @ si @ BRM2021 |
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3512 |
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Lei Kang; Pau Riba; Mauricio Villegas; Alicia Fornes; Marçal Rusiñol |
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Title |
Candidate Fusion: Integrating Language Modelling into a Sequence-to-Sequence Handwritten Word Recognition Architecture |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
PR |
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Volume |
112 |
Issue |
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Pages |
107790 |
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Abstract |
Sequence-to-sequence models have recently become very popular for tackling
handwritten word recognition problems. However, how to effectively integrate an external language model into such recognizer is still a challenging
problem. The main challenge faced when training a language model is to
deal with the language model corpus which is usually different to the one
used for training the handwritten word recognition system. Thus, the bias
between both word corpora leads to incorrectness on the transcriptions, providing similar or even worse performances on the recognition task. In this
work, we introduce Candidate Fusion, a novel way to integrate an external
language model to a sequence-to-sequence architecture. Moreover, it provides suggestions from an external language knowledge, as a new input to
the sequence-to-sequence recognizer. Hence, Candidate Fusion provides two
improvements. On the one hand, the sequence-to-sequence recognizer has
the flexibility not only to combine the information from itself and the language model, but also to choose the importance of the information provided
by the language model. On the other hand, the external language model
has the ability to adapt itself to the training corpus and even learn the
most commonly errors produced from the recognizer. Finally, by conducting
comprehensive experiments, the Candidate Fusion proves to outperform the
state-of-the-art language models for handwritten word recognition tasks. |
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DAG; 600.140; 601.302; 601.312; 600.121 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ KRV2021 |
Serial |
3343 |
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Author |
Arka Ujjal Dey; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Gaurav Harit |
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Title |
Beyond Visual Semantics: Exploring the Role of Scene Text in Image Understanding |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Pattern Recognition Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
PRL |
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Volume |
149 |
Issue |
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Pages |
164-171 |
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Abstract |
Images with visual and scene text content are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, current image interpretation systems are mostly limited to using only the visual features, neglecting to leverage the scene text content. In this paper, we propose to jointly use scene text and visual channels for robust semantic interpretation of images. We do not only extract and encode visual and scene text cues, but also model their interplay to generate a contextual joint embedding with richer semantics. The contextual embedding thus generated is applied to retrieval and classification tasks on multimedia images, with scene text content, to demonstrate its effectiveness. In the retrieval framework, we augment our learned text-visual semantic representation with scene text cues, to mitigate vocabulary misses that may have occurred during the semantic embedding. To deal with irrelevant or erroneous recognition of scene text, we also apply query-based attention to our text channel. We show how the multi-channel approach, involving visual semantics and scene text, improves upon state of the art. |
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Notes |
DAG; 600.121 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DGV2021 |
Serial |
3364 |
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Author |
Manisha Das; Deep Gupta; Petia Radeva; Ashwini M. Bakde |
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Title |
Optimized CT-MR neurological image fusion framework using biologically inspired spiking neural model in hybrid ℓ1 - ℓ0 layer decomposition domain |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Biomedical Signal Processing and Control |
Abbreviated Journal |
BSPC |
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Volume |
68 |
Issue |
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Pages |
102535 |
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Abstract |
Medical image fusion plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis of several critical neurological diseases by merging complementary information available in multimodal images. In this paper, a novel CT-MR neurological image fusion framework is proposed using an optimized biologically inspired feedforward neural model in two-scale hybrid ℓ1 − ℓ0 decomposition domain using gray wolf optimization to preserve the structural as well as texture information present in source CT and MR images. Initially, the source images are subjected to two-scale ℓ1 − ℓ0 decomposition with optimized parameters, giving a scale-1 detail layer, a scale-2 detail layer and a scale-2 base layer. Two detail layers at scale-1 and 2 are fused using an optimized biologically inspired neural model and weighted average scheme based on local energy and modified spatial frequency to maximize the preservation of edges and local textures, respectively, while the scale-2 base layer gets fused using choose max rule to preserve the background information. To optimize the hyper-parameters of hybrid ℓ1 − ℓ0 decomposition and biologically inspired neural model, a fitness function is evaluated based on spatial frequency and edge index of the resultant fused image obtained by adding all the fused components. The fusion performance is analyzed by conducting extensive experiments on different CT-MR neurological images. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method provides better-fused images and outperforms the other state-of-the-art fusion methods in both visual and quantitative assessments. |
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MILAB; no proj |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DGR2021b |
Serial |
3636 |
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Author |
Andreea Glavan; Alina Matei; Petia Radeva; Estefania Talavera |
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Title |
Does our social life influence our nutritional behaviour? Understanding nutritional habits from egocentric photo-streams |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Expert Systems with Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
ESWA |
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Volume |
171 |
Issue |
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Pages |
114506 |
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Abstract |
Nutrition and social interactions are both key aspects of the daily lives of humans. In this work, we propose a system to evaluate the influence of social interaction in the nutritional habits of a person from a first-person perspective. In order to detect the routine of an individual, we construct a nutritional behaviour pattern discovery model, which outputs routines over a number of days. Our method evaluates similarity of routines with respect to visited food-related scenes over the collected days, making use of Dynamic Time Warping, as well as considering social engagement and its correlation with food-related activities. The nutritional and social descriptors of the collected days are evaluated and encoded using an LSTM Autoencoder. Later, the obtained latent space is clustered to find similar days unaffected by outliers using the Isolation Forest method. Moreover, we introduce a new score metric to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. We validate our method on 104 days and more than 100 k egocentric images gathered by 7 users. Several different visualizations are evaluated for the understanding of the findings. Our results demonstrate good performance and applicability of our proposed model for social-related nutritional behaviour understanding. At the end, relevant applications of the model are discussed by analysing the discovered routine of particular individuals. |
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MILAB; no proj |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ GMR2021 |
Serial |
3634 |
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Author |
Josep Llados; Daniel Lopresti; Seiichi Uchida (eds) |
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Title |
16th International Conference, 2021, Proceedings, Part III |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021 |
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12823 |
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This four-volume set of LNCS 12821, LNCS 12822, LNCS 12823 and LNCS 12824, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland in September 2021. The 182 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 340 submissions, and are presented with 13 competition reports.
The papers are organized into the following topical sections: document analysis for literature search, document summarization and translation, multimedia document analysis, mobile text recognition, document analysis for social good, indexing and retrieval of documents, physical and logical layout analysis, recognition of tables and formulas, and natural language processing (NLP) for document understanding. |
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Lausanne, Switzerland, September 5-10, 2021 |
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Springer Cham |
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Josep Llados; Daniel Lopresti; Seiichi Uchida |
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LNCS |
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978-3-030-86333-3 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ |
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3727 |
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Author |
Josep Llados; Daniel Lopresti; Seiichi Uchida (eds) |
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Title |
16th International Conference, 2021, Proceedings, Part IV |
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Book Whole |
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2021 |
Publication |
Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021 |
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12824 |
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Abstract |
This four-volume set of LNCS 12821, LNCS 12822, LNCS 12823 and LNCS 12824, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 2021, held in Lausanne, Switzerland in September 2021. The 182 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 340 submissions, and are presented with 13 competition reports.
The papers are organized into the following topical sections: document analysis for literature search, document summarization and translation, multimedia document analysis, mobile text recognition, document analysis for social good, indexing and retrieval of documents, physical and logical layout analysis, recognition of tables and formulas, and natural language processing (NLP) for document understanding. |
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Lausanne, Switzerland, September 5-10, 2021 |
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Springer Cham |
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Josep Llados; Daniel Lopresti; Seiichi Uchida |
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LNCS |
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978-3-030-86336-4 |
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ICDAR |
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DAG |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ |
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3728 |
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Author |
Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Alicia Fornes; Y.Kessentini; C.Tudor |
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Title |
A Few-shot Learning Approach for Historical Encoded Manuscript Recognition |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition |
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5413-5420 |
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Encoded (or ciphered) manuscripts are a special type of historical documents that contain encrypted text. The automatic recognition of this kind of documents is challenging because: 1) the cipher alphabet changes from one document to another, 2) there is a lack of annotated corpus for training and 3) touching symbols make the symbol segmentation difficult and complex. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a novel method for handwritten ciphers recognition based on few-shot object detection. Our method first detects all symbols of a given alphabet in a line image, and then a decoding step maps the symbol similarity scores to the final sequence of transcribed symbols. By training on synthetic data, we show that the proposed architecture is able to recognize handwritten ciphers with unseen alphabets. In addition, if few labeled pages with the same alphabet are used for fine tuning, our method surpasses existing unsupervised and supervised HTR methods for ciphers recognition. |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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ICPR |
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DAG; 600.121; 600.140 |
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Admin @ si @ SFK2021 |
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3449 |
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Author |
Yaxing Wang; Abel Gonzalez-Garcia; Luis Herranz; Joost Van de Weijer |
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Controlling biases and diversity in diverse image-to-image translation |
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2021 |
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Computer Vision and Image Understanding |
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CVIU |
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202 |
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103082 |
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JCR 2019 Q2, IF=3.121
The task of unpaired image-to-image translation is highly challenging due to the lack of explicit cross-domain pairs of instances. We consider here diverse image translation (DIT), an even more challenging setting in which an image can have multiple plausible translations. This is normally achieved by explicitly disentangling content and style in the latent representation and sampling different styles codes while maintaining the image content. Despite the success of current DIT models, they are prone to suffer from bias. In this paper, we study the problem of bias in image-to-image translation. Biased datasets may add undesired changes (e.g. change gender or race in face images) to the output translations as a consequence of the particular underlying visual distribution in the target domain. In order to alleviate the effects of this problem we propose the use of semantic constraints that enforce the preservation of desired image properties. Our proposed model is a step towards unbiased diverse image-to-image translation (UDIT), and results in less unwanted changes in the translated images while still performing the wanted transformation. Experiments on several heavily biased datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed techniques in different domains such as faces, objects, and scenes. |
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LAMP; 600.141; 600.109; 600.147 |
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Admin @ si @ WGH2021 |
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3464 |
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Akhil Gurram; Ahmet Faruk Tuna; Fengyi Shen; Onay Urfalioglu; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Monocular Depth Estimation through Virtual-world Supervision and Real-world SfM Self-Supervision |
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2021 |
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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
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TITS |
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23 |
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8 |
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12738-12751 |
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Abstract |
Depth information is essential for on-board perception in autonomous driving and driver assistance. Monocular depth estimation (MDE) is very appealing since it allows for appearance and depth being on direct pixelwise correspondence without further calibration. Best MDE models are based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) trained in a supervised manner, i.e., assuming pixelwise ground truth (GT). Usually, this GT is acquired at training time through a calibrated multi-modal suite of sensors. However, also using only a monocular system at training time is cheaper and more scalable. This is possible by relying on structure-from-motion (SfM) principles to generate self-supervision. Nevertheless, problems of camouflaged objects, visibility changes, static-camera intervals, textureless areas, and scale ambiguity, diminish the usefulness of such self-supervision. In this paper, we perform monocular depth estimation by virtual-world supervision (MonoDEVS) and real-world SfM self-supervision. We compensate the SfM self-supervision limitations by leveraging virtual-world images with accurate semantic and depth supervision and addressing the virtual-to-real domain gap. Our MonoDEVSNet outperforms previous MDE CNNs trained on monocular and even stereo sequences. |
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ADAS; 600.118 |
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no |
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Admin @ si @ GTS2021 |
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3598 |
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Author |
Diego Porres |
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Title |
Discriminator Synthesis: On reusing the other half of Generative Adversarial Networks |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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Machine Learning for Creativity and Design, Neurips Workshop |
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Generative Adversarial Networks have long since revolutionized the world of computer vision and, tied to it, the world of art. Arduous efforts have gone into fully utilizing and stabilizing training so that outputs of the Generator network have the highest possible fidelity, but little has gone into using the Discriminator after training is complete. In this work, we propose to use the latter and show a way to use the features it has learned from the training dataset to both alter an image and generate one from scratch. We name this method Discriminator Dreaming, and the full code can be found at this https URL. |
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Virtual; December 2021 |
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NEURIPSW |
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ADAS; 601.365 |
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Admin @ si @ Por2021 |
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3597 |
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Author |
Gabriel Villalonga |
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Title |
Leveraging Synthetic Data to Create Autonomous Driving Perception Systems |
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2021 |
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PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Manually annotating images to develop vision models has been a major bottleneck
since computer vision and machine learning started to walk together. This has
been more evident since computer vision falls on the shoulders of data-hungry
deep learning techniques. When addressing on-board perception for autonomous
driving, the curse of data annotation is exacerbated due to the use of additional
sensors such as LiDAR. Therefore, any approach aiming at reducing such a timeconsuming and costly work is of high interest for addressing autonomous driving
and, in fact, for any application requiring some sort of artificial perception. In the
last decade, it has been shown that leveraging from synthetic data is a paradigm
worth to pursue in order to minimizing manual data annotation. The reason is
that the automatic process of generating synthetic data can also produce different
types of associated annotations (e.g. object bounding boxes for synthetic images
and LiDAR pointclouds, pixel/point-wise semantic information, etc.). Directly
using synthetic data for training deep perception models may not be the definitive
solution in all circumstances since it can appear a synth-to-real domain shift. In
this context, this work focuses on leveraging synthetic data to alleviate manual
annotation for three perception tasks related to driving assistance and autonomous
driving. In all cases, we assume the use of deep convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) to develop our perception models.
The first task addresses traffic sign recognition (TSR), a kind of multi-class
classification problem. We assume that the number of sign classes to be recognized
must be suddenly increased without having annotated samples to perform the
corresponding TSR CNN re-training. We show that leveraging synthetic samples of
such new classes and transforming them by a generative adversarial network (GAN)
trained on the known classes (i.e. without using samples from the new classes), it is
possible to re-train the TSR CNN to properly classify all the signs for a ∼ 1/4 ratio of
new/known sign classes. The second task addresses on-board 2D object detection,
focusing on vehicles and pedestrians. In this case, we assume that we receive a set
of images without the annotations required to train an object detector, i.e. without
object bounding boxes. Therefore, our goal is to self-annotate these images so
that they can later be used to train the desired object detector. In order to reach
this goal, we leverage from synthetic data and propose a semi-supervised learning
approach based on the co-training idea. In fact, we use a GAN to reduce the synthto-real domain shift before applying co-training. Our quantitative results show
that co-training and GAN-based image-to-image translation complement each
other up to allow the training of object detectors without manual annotation, and still almost reaching the upper-bound performances of the detectors trained from
human annotations. While in previous tasks we focus on vision-based perception,
the third task we address focuses on LiDAR pointclouds. Our initial goal was to
develop a 3D object detector trained on synthetic LiDAR-style pointclouds. While
for images we may expect synth/real-to-real domain shift due to differences in
their appearance (e.g. when source and target images come from different camera
sensors), we did not expect so for LiDAR pointclouds since these active sensors
factor out appearance and provide sampled shapes. However, in practice, we have
seen that it can be domain shift even among real-world LiDAR pointclouds. Factors
such as the sampling parameters of the LiDARs, the sensor suite configuration onboard the ego-vehicle, and the human annotation of 3D bounding boxes, do induce
a domain shift. We show it through comprehensive experiments with different
publicly available datasets and 3D detectors. This redirected our goal towards the
design of a GAN for pointcloud-to-pointcloud translation, a relatively unexplored
topic.
Finally, it is worth to mention that all the synthetic datasets used for these three
tasks, have been designed and generated in the context of this PhD work and will
be publicly released. Overall, we think this PhD presents several steps forward to
encourage leveraging synthetic data for developing deep perception models in the
field of driving assistance and autonomous driving. |
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February 2021 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Ediciones Graficas Rey |
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Antonio Lopez;German Ros |
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978-84-122714-2-3 |
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ADAS; 600.118 |
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Admin @ si @ Vil2021 |
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3599 |
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Author |
Andres Mafla; Sounak Dey; Ali Furkan Biten; Lluis Gomez; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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Title |
Multi-modal reasoning graph for scene-text based fine-grained image classification and retrieval |
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2021 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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4022-4032 |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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WACV |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ MDB2021 |
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3491 |
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Andres Mafla; Rafael S. Rezende; Lluis Gomez; Diana Larlus; Dimosthenis Karatzas |
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StacMR: Scene-Text Aware Cross-Modal Retrieval |
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Conference Article |
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2021 |
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IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision |
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2219-2229 |
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Virtual; January 2021 |
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DAG; 600.121 |
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Admin @ si @ MRG2021a |
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3492 |
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