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Author Boris N. Oreshkin; Pau Rodriguez; Alexandre Lacoste edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title TADAM: Task dependent adaptive metric for improved few-shot learning Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 32nd Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Few-shot learning has become essential for producing models that generalize from few examples. In this work, we identify that metric scaling and metric task conditioning are important to improve the performance of few-shot algorithms. Our analysis reveals that simple metric scaling completely changes the nature of few-shot algorithm parameter updates. Metric scaling provides improvements up to 14% in accuracy for certain metrics on the mini-Imagenet 5-way 5-shot classification task. We further propose a simple and effective way of conditioning a learner on the task sample set, resulting in learning a task-dependent metric space. Moreover, we propose and empirically test a practical end-to-end optimization procedure based on auxiliary task co-training to learn a task-dependent metric space. The resulting few-shot learning model based on the task-dependent scaled metric achieves state of the art on mini-Imagenet. We confirm these results on another few-shot dataset that we introduce in this paper based on CIFAR100.  
  Address Montreal; Canada; December 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference NIPS  
  Notes ISE; 600.098; 600.119 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ORL2018 Serial 3140  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Joaquin Salas edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title A Social-Aware Assistant to support individuals with visual impairments during social interaction: A systematic requirements analysis Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication International Journal of Human-Computer Studies Abbreviated Journal IJHC  
  Volume 122 Issue (down) Pages 50-60  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Visual impairment affects the normal course of activities in everyday life including mobility, education, employment, and social interaction. Most of the existing technical solutions devoted to empowering the visually impaired people are in the areas of navigation (obstacle avoidance), access to printed information and object recognition. Less effort has been dedicated so far in developing solutions to support social interactions. In this paper, we introduce a Social-Aware Assistant (SAA) that provides visually impaired people with cues to enhance their face-to-face conversations. The system consists of a perceptive component (represented by smartglasses with an embedded video camera) and a feedback component (represented by a haptic belt). When the vision system detects a head nodding, the belt vibrates, thus suggesting the user to replicate (mirror) the gesture. In our experiments, sighted persons interacted with blind people wearing the SAA. We instructed the former to mirror the noddings according to the vibratory signal, while the latter interacted naturally. After the face-to-face conversation, the participants had an interview to express their experience regarding the use of this new technological assistant. With the data collected during the experiment, we have assessed quantitatively and qualitatively the device usefulness and user satisfaction.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MTR2019 Serial 3142  
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Author Lluis Gomez; Andres Mafla; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
url  openurl
  Title Single Shot Scene Text Retrieval Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 15th European Conference on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11218 Issue (down) Pages 728-744  
  Keywords Image retrieval; Scene text; Word spotting; Convolutional Neural Networks; Region Proposals Networks; PHOC  
  Abstract Textual information found in scene images provides high level semantic information about the image and its context and it can be leveraged for better scene understanding. In this paper we address the problem of scene text retrieval: given a text query, the system must return all images containing the queried text. The novelty of the proposed model consists in the usage of a single shot CNN architecture that predicts at the same time bounding boxes and a compact text representation of the words in them. In this way, the text based image retrieval task can be casted as a simple nearest neighbor search of the query text representation over the outputs of the CNN over the entire image
database. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed architecture
outperforms previous state-of-the-art while it offers a significant increase
in processing speed.
 
  Address Munich; September 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title LNCS  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ECCV  
  Notes DAG; 600.084; 601.338; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GMR2018 Serial 3143  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Mohammed Al Rawi; Dimosthenis Karatzas edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title On the Labeling Correctness in Computer Vision Datasets Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Proceedings of the Workshop on Interactive Adaptive Learning, co-located with European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Image datasets have heavily been used to build computer vision systems.
These datasets are either manually or automatically labeled, which is a
problem as both labeling methods are prone to errors. To investigate this problem, we use a majority voting ensemble that combines the results from several Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Majority voting ensembles not only enhance the overall performance, but can also be used to estimate the confidence level of each sample. We also examined Softmax as another form to estimate posterior probability. We have designed various experiments with a range of different ensembles built from one or different, or temporal/snapshot CNNs, which have been trained multiple times stochastically. We analyzed CIFAR10, CIFAR100, EMNIST, and SVHN datasets and we found quite a few incorrect
labels, both in the training and testing sets. We also present detailed confidence analysis on these datasets and we found that the ensemble is better than the Softmax when used estimate the per-sample confidence. This work thus proposes an approach that can be used to scrutinize and verify the labeling of computer vision datasets, which can later be applied to weakly/semi-supervised learning. We propose a measure, based on the Odds-Ratio, to quantify how many of these incorrectly classified labels are actually incorrectly labeled and how many of these are confusing. The proposed methods are easily scalable to larger datasets, like ImageNet, LSUN and SUN, as each CNN instance is trained for 60 epochs; or even faster, by implementing a temporal (snapshot) ensemble.
 
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ECML-PKDDW  
  Notes DAG; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ RaK2018 Serial 3144  
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Author Adrian Galdran; Aitor Alvarez-Gila; Alessandro Bria; Javier Vazquez; Marcelo Bertalmio edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title On the Duality Between Retinex and Image Dehazing Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 31st IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages 8212–8221  
  Keywords Image color analysis; Task analysis; Atmospheric modeling; Computer vision; Computational modeling; Lighting  
  Abstract Image dehazing deals with the removal of undesired loss of visibility in outdoor images due to the presence of fog. Retinex is a color vision model mimicking the ability of the Human Visual System to robustly discount varying illuminations when observing a scene under different spectral lighting conditions. Retinex has been widely explored in the computer vision literature for image enhancement and other related tasks. While these two problems are apparently unrelated, the goal of this work is to show that they can be connected by a simple linear relationship. Specifically, most Retinex-based algorithms have the characteristic feature of always increasing image brightness, which turns them into ideal candidates for effective image dehazing by directly applying Retinex to a hazy image whose intensities have been inverted. In this paper, we give theoretical proof that Retinex on inverted intensities is a solution to the image dehazing problem. Comprehensive qualitative and quantitative results indicate that several classical and modern implementations of Retinex can be transformed into competing image dehazing algorithms performing on pair with more complex fog removal methods, and can overcome some of the main challenges associated with this problem.  
  Address Salt Lake City; USA; June 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GAB2018 Serial 3146  
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Author Oscar Argudo; Marc Comino; Antonio Chica; Carlos Andujar; Felipe Lumbreras edit  url
openurl 
  Title Segmentation of aerial images for plausible detail synthesis Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Computers & Graphics Abbreviated Journal CG  
  Volume 71 Issue (down) Pages 23-34  
  Keywords Terrain editing; Detail synthesis; Vegetation synthesis; Terrain rendering; Image segmentation  
  Abstract The visual enrichment of digital terrain models with plausible synthetic detail requires the segmentation of aerial images into a suitable collection of categories. In this paper we present a complete pipeline for segmenting high-resolution aerial images into a user-defined set of categories distinguishing e.g. terrain, sand, snow, water, and different types of vegetation. This segmentation-for-synthesis problem implies that per-pixel categories must be established according to the algorithms chosen for rendering the synthetic detail. This precludes the definition of a universal set of labels and hinders the construction of large training sets. Since artists might choose to add new categories on the fly, the whole pipeline must be robust against unbalanced datasets, and fast on both training and inference. Under these constraints, we analyze the contribution of common per-pixel descriptors, and compare the performance of state-of-the-art supervised learning algorithms. We report the findings of two user studies. The first one was conducted to analyze human accuracy when manually labeling aerial images. The second user study compares detailed terrains built using different segmentation strategies, including official land cover maps. These studies demonstrate that our approach can be used to turn digital elevation models into fully-featured, detailed terrains with minimal authoring efforts.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0097-8493 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ADAS; 600.086; 600.118 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ ACC2018 Serial 3147  
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Author Domicele Jonauskaite; Nele Dael; C. Alejandro Parraga; Laetitia Chevre; Alejandro Garcia Sanchez; Christine Mohr edit   pdf
url  doi
openurl 
  Title Stripping #The Dress: The importance of contextual information on inter-individual differences in colour perception Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Psychological Research Abbreviated Journal PSYCHO R  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages 1-15  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In 2015, a picture of a Dress (henceforth the Dress) triggered popular and scientific interest; some reported seeing the Dress in white and gold (W&G) and others in blue and black (B&B). We aimed to describe the phenomenon and investigate the role of contextualization. Few days after the Dress had appeared on the Internet, we projected it to 240 students on two large screens in the classroom. Participants reported seeing the Dress in B&B (48%), W&G (38%), or blue and brown (B&Br; 7%). Amongst numerous socio-demographic variables, we only observed that W&G viewers were most likely to have always seen the Dress as W&G. In the laboratory, we tested how much contextual information is necessary for the phenomenon to occur. Fifty-seven participants selected colours most precisely matching predominant colours of parts or the full Dress. We presented, in this order, small squares (a), vertical strips (b), and the full Dress (c). We found that (1) B&B, B&Br, and W&G viewers had selected colours differing in lightness and chroma levels for contextualized images only (b, c conditions) and hue for fully contextualized condition only (c) and (2) B&B viewers selected colours most closely matching displayed colours of the Dress. Thus, the Dress phenomenon emerges due to inter-individual differences in subjectively perceived lightness, chroma, and hue, at least when all aspects of the picture need to be integrated. Our results support the previous conclusions that contextual information is key to colour perception; it should be important to understand how this actually happens.  
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  Notes NEUROBIT; no proj Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ JDP2018 Serial 3149  
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Author Thanh Nam Le; Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman; Anjan Dutta; Pierre Heroux; Christophe Rigaud; Clement Guerin; Pasquale Foggia; Jean Christophe Burie; Jean Marc Ogier; Josep Llados; Sebastien Adam edit  url
openurl 
  Title Subgraph spotting in graph representations of comic book images Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL  
  Volume 112 Issue (down) Pages 118-124  
  Keywords Attributed graph; Region adjacency graph; Graph matching; Graph isomorphism; Subgraph isomorphism; Subgraph spotting; Graph indexing; Graph retrieval; Query by example; Dataset and comic book images  
  Abstract Graph-based representations are the most powerful data structures for extracting, representing and preserving the structural information of underlying data. Subgraph spotting is an interesting research problem, especially for studying and investigating the structural information based content-based image retrieval (CBIR) and query by example (QBE) in image databases. In this paper we address the problem of lack of freely available ground-truthed datasets for subgraph spotting and present a new dataset for subgraph spotting in graph representations of comic book images (SSGCI) with its ground-truth and evaluation protocol. Experimental results of two state-of-the-art methods of subgraph spotting are presented on the new SSGCI dataset.  
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  Notes DAG; 600.097; 600.121 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ LLD2018 Serial 3150  
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Author Sounak Dey; Anjan Dutta; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Josep Llados edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Aligning Salient Objects to Queries: A Multi-modal and Multi-object Image Retrieval Framework Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 14th Asian Conference on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper we propose an approach for multi-modal image retrieval in multi-labelled images. A multi-modal deep network architecture is formulated to jointly model sketches and text as input query modalities into a common embedding space, which is then further aligned with the image feature space. Our architecture also relies on a salient object detection through a supervised LSTM-based visual attention model learned from convolutional features. Both the alignment between the queries and the image and the supervision of the attention on the images are obtained by generalizing the Hungarian Algorithm using different loss functions. This permits encoding the object-based features and its alignment with the query irrespective of the availability of the co-occurrence of different objects in the training set. We validate the performance of our approach on standard single/multi-object datasets, showing state-of-the art performance in every dataset.  
  Address Perth; Australia; December 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ACCV  
  Notes DAG; 600.097; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DDG2018a Serial 3151  
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Author Sounak Dey; Anjan Dutta; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Learning Cross-Modal Deep Embeddings for Multi-Object Image Retrieval using Text and Sketch Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages 916 - 921  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this work we introduce a cross modal image retrieval system that allows both text and sketch as input modalities for the query. A cross-modal deep network architecture is formulated to jointly model the sketch and text input modalities as well as the the image output modality, learning a common embedding between text and images and between sketches and images. In addition, an attention model is used to selectively focus the attention on the different objects of the image, allowing for retrieval with multiple objects in the query. Experiments show that the proposed method performs the best in both single and multiple object image retrieval in standard datasets.  
  Address Beijing; China; August 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Area Expedition Conference ICPR  
  Notes DAG; 602.167; 602.168; 600.097; 600.084; 600.121; 600.129 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ DDG2018b Serial 3152  
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Author Fernando Vilariño; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Alberto Valcarce edit  openurl
  Title The Library Living Lab Barcelona: A participative approach to technology as an enabling factor for innovation in cultural spaces Type Journal
  Year 2018 Publication Technology Innovation Management Review Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes DAG; MV; 600.097; 600.121; 600.129;SIAI Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VKV2018a Serial 3153  
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Author Fernando Vilariño; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Alberto Valcarce edit  openurl
  Title Libraries as New Innovation Hubs: The Library Living Lab Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 30th ISPIM Innovation Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Libraries are in deep transformation both in EU and around the world, and they are thriving within a great window of opportunity for innovation. In this paper, we show how the Library Living Lab in Barcelona participated of this changing scenario and contributed to create the Bibliolab program, where more than 200 public libraries give voice to their users in a global user-centric innovation initiative, using technology as enabling factor. The Library Living Lab is a real 4-helix implementation where Universities, Research Centers, Public Administration, Companies and the Neighbors are joint together to explore how technology transforms the cultural experience of people. This case is an example of scalability and provides reference tools for policy making, sustainability, user engage methodologies and governance. We provide specific examples of new prototypes and services that help to understand how to redefine the role of the Library as a real hub for social innovation.  
  Address Stockholm; May 2018  
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  Area Expedition Conference ISPIM  
  Notes DAG; MV; 600.097; 600.121; 600.129;SIAI Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ VKV2018b Serial 3154  
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Author Abel Gonzalez-Garcia; Joost Van de Weijer; Yoshua Bengio edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Image-to-image translation for cross-domain disentanglement Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 32nd Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
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  Abstract  
  Address Montreal; Canada; December 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference NIPS  
  Notes LAMP; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ GWB2018 Serial 3155  
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Author Marc Masana; Idoia Ruiz; Joan Serrat; Joost Van de Weijer; Antonio Lopez edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Metric Learning for Novelty and Anomaly Detection Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 29th British Machine Vision Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract When neural networks process images which do not resemble the distribution seen during training, so called out-of-distribution images, they often make wrong predictions, and do so too confidently. The capability to detect out-of-distribution images is therefore crucial for many real-world applications. We divide out-of-distribution detection between novelty detection ---images of classes which are not in the training set but are related to those---, and anomaly detection ---images with classes which are unrelated to the training set. By related we mean they contain the same type of objects, like digits in MNIST and SVHN. Most existing work has focused on anomaly detection, and has addressed this problem considering networks trained with the cross-entropy loss. Differently from them, we propose to use metric learning which does not have the drawback of the softmax layer (inherent to cross-entropy methods), which forces the network to divide its prediction power over the learned classes. We perform extensive experiments and evaluate both novelty and anomaly detection, even in a relevant application such as traffic sign recognition, obtaining comparable or better results than previous works.  
  Address Newcastle; uk; September 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Area Expedition Conference BMVC  
  Notes LAMP; ADAS; 601.305; 600.124; 600.106; 602.200; 600.120; 600.118 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MRS2018 Serial 3156  
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Author Marco Buzzelli; Joost Van de Weijer; Raimondo Schettini edit   pdf
doi  openurl
  Title Learning Illuminant Estimation from Object Recognition Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 25th International Conference on Image Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages 3234 - 3238  
  Keywords Illuminant estimation; computational color constancy; semi-supervised learning; deep learning; convolutional neural networks  
  Abstract In this paper we present a deep learning method to estimate the illuminant of an image. Our model is not trained with illuminant annotations, but with the objective of improving performance on an auxiliary task such as object recognition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a deep
learning architecture for illuminant estimation that is trained without ground truth illuminants. We evaluate our solution on standard datasets for color constancy, and compare it with state of the art methods. Our proposal is shown to outperform most deep learning methods in a cross-dataset evaluation
setup, and to present competitive results in a comparison with parametric solutions.
 
  Address Athens; Greece; October 2018  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIP  
  Notes LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ BWS2018 Serial 3157  
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