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Author Robert Benavente; Laura Igual; Fernando Vilariño edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Current Challenges in Computer Vision Type Book Whole
  Year 2008 Publication Proccedings of the Third Internal Workshop Abbreviated Journal  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN 978-84-936529-0-6 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVCRD  
  Notes MILAB;CIC;SIAI Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ BIV2008 Serial 1110  
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Author Antonio Lopez; J. Hilgenstock; A. Busse; Ramon Baldrich; Felipe Lumbreras; Joan Serrat edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Temporal Coherence Analysis for Intelligent Headlight Control Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2008 Publication 2nd Workshop on Perception, Planning and Navigation for Intelligent Vehicles Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 59–64  
  Keywords Intelligent Headlights  
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  Area Expedition Conference IROS  
  Notes ADAS;CIC Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ LHB2008b Serial 1112  
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Author C. Alejandro Parraga; Robert Benavente; Maria Vanrell; Ramon Baldrich edit  url
openurl 
  Title Psychophysical measurements to model inter-colour regions of colour-naming space Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of Imaging Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 031106 (8 pages)  
  Keywords image processing; Analysis  
  Abstract JCR Impact Factor 2009: 0.391
In this paper, we present a fuzzy-set of parametric functions which segment the CIE lab space into eleven regions which correspond to the group of common universal categories present in all evolved languages as identified by anthropologists and linguists. The set of functions is intended to model a color-name assignment task by humans and differs from other models in its emphasis on the inter-color boundary regions, which were explicitly measured by means of a psychophysics experiment. In our particular implementation, the CIE lab space was segmented into eleven color categories using a Triple Sigmoid as the fuzzy sets basis, whose parameters are included in this paper. The model’s parameters were adjusted according to the psychophysical results of a yes/no discrimination paradigm where observers had to choose (English) names for isoluminant colors belonging to regions in-between neighboring categories. These colors were presented on a calibrated CRT monitor (14-bit x 3 precision). The experimental results show that inter- color boundary regions are much less defined than expected and color samples other than those near the most representatives are needed to define the position and shape of boundaries between categories. The extended set of model parameters is given as a table.
 
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ PBV2009 Serial 1157  
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Author Javier Vazquez; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell; Ramon Baldrich edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Color Constancy Algorithms: Psychophysical Evaluation on a New Dataset Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Journal of Imaging Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 031105–9  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The estimation of the illuminant of a scene from a digital image has been the goal of a large amount of research in computer vision. Color constancy algorithms have dealt with this problem by defining different heuristics to select a unique solution from within the feasible set. The performance of these algorithms has shown that there is still a long way to go to globally solve this problem as a preliminary step in computer vision. In general, performance evaluation has been done by comparing the angular error between the estimated chromaticity and the chromaticity of a canonical illuminant, which is highly dependent on the image dataset. Recently, some workers have used high-level constraints to estimate illuminants; in this case selection is based on increasing the performance on the subsequent steps of the systems. In this paper we propose a new performance measure, the perceptual angular error. It evaluates the performance of a color constancy algorithm according to the perceptual preferences of humans, or naturalness (instead of the actual optimal solution) and is independent of the visual task. We show the results of a new psychophysical experiment comparing solutions from three different color constancy algorithms. Our results show that in more than a half of the judgments the preferred solution is not the one closest to the optimal solution. Our experiments were performed on a new dataset of images acquired with a calibrated camera with an attached neutral grey sphere, which better copes with the illuminant variations of the scene.  
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VPV2009a Serial 1171  
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Author Javier Vazquez; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell edit  openurl
  Title Ordinal pairwise method for natural images comparison Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Perception Abbreviated Journal PER  
  Volume 38 Issue Pages 180  
  Keywords  
  Abstract 38(Suppl.)ECVP Abstract Supplement
We developed a new psychophysical method to compare different colour appearance models when applied to natural scenes. The method was as follows: two images (processed by different algorithms) were displayed on a CRT monitor and observers were asked to select the most natural of them. The original images were gathered by means of a calibrated trichromatic digital camera and presented one on top of the other on a calibrated screen. The selection was made by pressing on a 6-button IR box, which allowed observers to consider not only the most natural but to rate their selection. The rating system allowed observers to register how much more natural was their chosen image (eg, much more, definitely more, slightly more), which gave us valuable extra information on the selection process. The results were analysed considering both the selection as a binary choice (using Thurstone's law of comparative judgement) and using Bradley-Terry method for ordinal comparison. Our results show a significant difference in the rating scales obtained. Although this method has been used in colour constancy algorithm comparisons, its uses are much wider, eg to compare algorithms of image compression, rendering, recolouring, etc.
 
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VPV2009b Serial 1191  
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Author Robert Benavente; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell edit  openurl
  Title Colour categories boundaries are better defined in contextual conditions Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Perception Abbreviated Journal PER  
  Volume 38 Issue Pages 36  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In a previous experiment [Parraga et al, 2009 Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 53(3)] the boundaries between basic colour categories were measured by asking subjects to categorize colour samples presented in isolation (ie on a dark background) using a YES/NO paradigm. Results showed that some boundaries (eg green – blue) were very diffuse and the subjects' answers presented bimodal distributions, which were attributed to the emergence of non-basic categories in those regions (eg turquoise). To confirm these results we performed a new experiment focussed on the boundaries where bimodal distributions were more evident. In this new experiment rectangular colour samples were presented surrounded by random colour patches to simulate contextual conditions on a calibrated CRT monitor. The names of two neighbouring colours were shown at the bottom of the screen and subjects selected the boundary between these colours by controlling the chromaticity of the central patch, sliding it across these categories' frontier. Results show that in this new experimental paradigm, the formerly uncertain inter-colour category boundaries are better defined and the dispersions (ie the bimodal distributions) that occurred in the previous experiment disappear. These results may provide further support to Berlin and Kay's basic colour terms theory.  
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ BPV2009 Serial 1192  
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Author C. Alejandro Parraga; Javier Vazquez; Maria Vanrell edit  openurl
  Title A new cone activation-based natural images dataset Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Perception Abbreviated Journal PER  
  Volume 36 Issue Pages 180  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We generated a new dataset of digital natural images where each colour plane corresponds to the human LMS (long-, medium-, short-wavelength) cone activations. The images were chosen to represent five different visual environments (eg forest, seaside, mountain snow, urban, motorways) and were taken under natural illumination at different times of day. At the bottom-left corner of each picture there was a matte grey ball of approximately constant spectral reflectance (across the camera's response spectrum,) and nearly Lambertian reflective properties, which allows to compute (and remove, if necessary) the illuminant's colour and intensity. The camera (Sigma Foveon SD10) was calibrated by measuring its sensor's spectral responses using a set of 31 spectrally narrowband interference filters. This allowed conversion of the final camera-dependent RGB colour space into the Smith and Pokorny (1975) cone activation space by means of a polynomial transformation, optimised for a set of 1269 Munsell chip reflectances. This new method is an improvement over the usual 3 × 3 matrix transformation which is only accurate for spectrally-narrowband colours. The camera-to-LMS transformation can be recalculated to consider other non-human visual systems. The dataset is available to download from our website.  
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ PVV2009 Serial 1193  
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Author Eduard Vazquez; Theo Gevers; M. Lucassen; Joost Van de Weijer; Ramon Baldrich edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Saliency of Color Image Derivatives: A Comparison between Computational Models and Human Perception Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Journal of the Optical Society of America A Abbreviated Journal JOSA A  
  Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 613–621  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this paper, computational methods are proposed to compute color edge saliency based on the information content of color edges. The computational methods are evaluated on bottom-up saliency in a psychophysical experiment, and on a more complex task of salient object detection in real-world images. The psychophysical experiment demonstrates the relevance of using information theory as a saliency processing model and that the proposed methods are significantly better in predicting color saliency (with a human-method correspondence up to 74.75% and an observer agreement of 86.8%) than state-of-the-art models. Furthermore, results from salient object detection confirm that an early fusion of color and contrast provide accurate performance to compute visual saliency with a hit rate up to 95.2%.  
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  Notes ISE;CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VGL2010 Serial 1275  
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Author O. Fors; J. Nuñez; Xavier Otazu; A. Prades; Robert D. Cardinal edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Improving the Ability of Image Sensors to Detect Faint Stars and Moving Objects Using Image Deconvolution Techniques Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Sensors Abbreviated Journal SENS  
  Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 1743–1752  
  Keywords image processing; image deconvolution; faint stars; space debris; wavelet transform  
  Abstract Abstract: In this paper we show how the techniques of image deconvolution can increase the ability of image sensors as, for example, CCD imagers, to detect faint stars or faint orbital objects (small satellites and space debris). In the case of faint stars, we show that this benefit is equivalent to double the quantum efficiency of the used image sensor or to increase the effective telescope aperture by more than 30% without decreasing the astrometric precision or introducing artificial bias. In the case of orbital objects, the deconvolution technique can double the signal-to-noise ratio of the image, which helps to discover and control dangerous objects as space debris or lost satellites. The benefits obtained using CCD detectors can be extrapolated to any kind of image sensors.  
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ FNO2010 Serial 1285  
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Author Naila Murray; Eduard Vazquez edit   pdf
openurl 
  Title Lacuna Restoration: How to choose a neutral colour? Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication Proceedings of The CREATE 2010 Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 248–252  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Painting restoration which involves filling in material loss (called lacuna) is a complex process. Several standard techniques exist to tackle lacuna restoration,
and this article focuses on those techniques that employ a “neutral” colour to mask the defect. Restoration experts often disagree on the choice of such a colour and in fact, the concept of a neutral colour is controversial. We posit that a neutral colour is one that attracts relatively little visual attention for a specific lacuna. We conducted an eye tracking experiment to compare two common neutral
colour selection methods, specifically the most common local colour and the mean local colour. Results obtained demonstrate that the most common local colour triggers less visual attention in general. Notwithstanding, we have observed instances in which the most common colour triggers a significant amount of attention when subjects spent time resolving their confusion about whether or not a lacuna was part of the painting.
 
  Address Gjovik, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
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  Area Expedition Conference CREATE  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ MuV2010 Serial 1297  
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Author Eduard Vazquez; Ramon Baldrich edit  openurl
  Title Non-supervised goodness measure for image segmentation Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication Proceedings of The CREATE 2010 Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 334–335  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address Gjovik, Norway  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CREATE  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VaB2010 Serial 1299  
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Author Jaime Moreno; Xavier Otazu; Maria Vanrell edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Local Perceptual Weighting in JPEG2000 for Color Images Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication 5th European Conference on Colour in Graphics, Imaging and Vision and 12th International Symposium on Multispectral Colour Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 255–260  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The aim of this work is to explain how to apply perceptual concepts to define a perceptual pre-quantizer and to improve JPEG2000 compressor. The approach consists in quantizing wavelet transform coefficients using some of the human visual system behavior properties. Noise is fatal to image compression performance, because it can be both annoying for the observer and consumes excessive bandwidth when the imagery is transmitted. Perceptual pre-quantization reduces unperceivable details and thus improve both visual impression and transmission properties. The comparison between JPEG2000 without and with perceptual pre-quantization shows that the latter is not favorable in PSNR, but the recovered image is more compressed at the same or even better visual quality measured with a weighted PSNR. Perceptual criteria were taken from the CIWaM (Chromatic Induction Wavelet Model).  
  Address Joensuu, Finland  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN 9781617388897 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CGIV/MCS  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ MOV2010a Serial 1307  
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Author Jaime Moreno; Xavier Otazu; Maria Vanrell edit  openurl
  Title Contribution of CIWaM in JPEG2000 Quantization for Color Images Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication Proceedings of The CREATE 2010 Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 132–136  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The aim of this work is to explain how to apply perceptual concepts to define a perceptual pre-quantizer and to improve JPEG2000 compressor. The approach consists in quantizing wavelet transform coefficients using some of the human visual system behavior properties. Noise is fatal to image compression performance, because it can be both annoying for the observer and consumes excessive bandwidth when the imagery is transmitted. Perceptual pre-quantization reduces unperceivable details and thus improve both visual impression and transmission properties. The comparison between JPEG2000 without and with perceptual pre-quantization shows that the latter is not favorable in PSNR, but the recovered image is more compressed at the same or even better visual quality measured with a weighted PSNR. Perceptual criteria were taken from the CIWaM(ChromaticInductionWaveletModel).  
  Address Gjovik (Norway)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CREATE  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ MOV2010b Serial 1308  
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Author C. Alejandro Parraga; Ramon Baldrich; Maria Vanrell edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Accurate Mapping of Natural Scenes Radiance to Cone Activation Space: A New Image Dataset Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication 5th European Conference on Colour in Graphics, Imaging and Vision and 12th International Symposium on Multispectral Colour Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 50–57  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The characterization of trichromatic cameras is usually done in terms of a device-independent color space, such as the CIE 1931 XYZ space. This is indeed convenient since it allows the testing of results against colorimetric measures. We have characterized our camera to represent human cone activation by mapping the camera sensor's (RGB) responses to human (LMS) through a polynomial transformation, which can be “customized” according to the types of scenes we want to represent. Here we present a method to test the accuracy of the camera measures and a study on how the choice of training reflectances for the polynomial may alter the results.  
  Address Joensuu, Finland  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN 9781617388897 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CGIV/MCS  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ PBV2010a Serial 1322  
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Author Javier Vazquez; G. D. Finlayson; Maria Vanrell edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title A compact singularity function to predict WCS data and unique hues Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication 5th European Conference on Colour in Graphics, Imaging and Vision and 12th International Symposium on Multispectral Colour Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 33–38  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Understanding how colour is used by the human vision system is a widely studied research field. The field, though quite advanced, still faces important unanswered questions. One of them is the explanation of the unique hues and the assignment of color names. This problem addresses the fact of different perceptual status for different colors.
Recently, Philipona and O'Regan have proposed a biological model that allows to extract the reflection properties of any surface independently of the lighting conditions. These invariant properties are the basis to compute a singularity index that predicts the asymmetries presented in unique hues and basic color categories psychophysical data, therefore is giving a further step in their explanation.

In this paper we build on their formulation and propose a new singularity index. This new formulation equally accounts for the location of the 4 peaks of the World colour survey and has two main advantages. First, it is a simple elegant numerical measure (the Philipona measurement is a rather cumbersome formula). Second, we develop a colour-based explanation for the measure.
 
  Address Joensuu, Finland  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN 9781617388897 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CGIV/MCS  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VFV2010 Serial 1324  
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Author C. Alejandro Parraga; Robert Benavente; Maria Vanrell edit  openurl
  Title Towards a general model of colour categorization which considers context Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Perception. ECVP Abstract Supplement Abbreviated Journal PER  
  Volume 39 Issue Pages 86  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In two previous experiments [Parraga et al, 2009 J. of Im. Sci. and Tech 53(3) 031106; Benavente et al,2009 Perception 38 ECVP Supplement, 36] the boundaries of basic colour categories were measured.
In the first experiment, samples were presented in isolation (ie on a dark background) and boundaries were measured using a yes/no paradigm. In the second, subjects adjusted the chromaticity of a sample presented on a random Mondrian background to find the boundary between pairs of adjacent colours.
Results from these experiments showed significant di erences but it was not possible to conclude whether this discrepancy was due to the absence/presence of a colourful background or to the di erences in the paradigms used. In this work, we settle this question by repeating the first experiment (ie samples presented on a dark background) using the second paradigm. A comparison of results shows that
although boundary locations are very similar, boundaries measured in context are significantly di erent(more di use) than those measured in isolation (confirmed by a Student’s t-test analysis on the subject’s answers statistical distributions). In addition, we completed the mapping of colour name space by measuring the boundaries between chromatic colours and the achromatic centre. With these results we
completed our parametric fuzzy-sets model of colour naming space.
 
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  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ PBV2010b Serial 1326  
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Author Robert Benavente; C. Alejandro Parraga; Maria Vanrell edit  url
isbn  openurl
  Title La influencia del contexto en la definicion de las fronteras entre las categorias cromaticas Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication 9th Congreso Nacional del Color Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 92–95  
  Keywords Categorización del color; Apariencia del color; Influencia del contexto; Patrones de Mondrian; Modelos paramétricos  
  Abstract En este artículo presentamos los resultados de un experimento de categorización de color en el que las muestras se presentaron sobre un fondo multicolor (Mondrian) para simular los efectos del contexto. Los resultados se comparan con los de un experimento previo que, utilizando un paradigma diferente, determinó las fronteras sin tener en cuenta el contexto. El análisis de los resultados muestra que las fronteras obtenidas con el experimento en contexto presentan menos confusión que las obtenidas en el experimento sin contexto.  
  Address Alicante (Spain)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN 978-84-9717-144-1 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CNC  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ BPV2010 Serial 1327  
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Author Javier Vazquez; Maria Vanrell; Robert Benavente edit  openurl
  Title Color names as a constraint for Computer Vision problems Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication Proceedings of The CREATE 2010 Conference Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 324–328  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Computer Vision Problems are usually ill-posed. Constraining de gamut of possible solutions is then a necessary step. Many constrains for different problems have been developed during years. In this paper, we present a different way of constraining some of these problems: the use of color names. In particular, we will focus on segmentation, representation ans constancy.  
  Address Gjovik (Norway)  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (down) ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CREATE  
  Notes CIC Approved no  
  Call Number CAT @ cat @ VVB2010 Serial 1328  
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