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| Author | Mohammad Rouhani; Angel Sappa | ||||
| Title | Implicit B-Spline Fitting Using the 3L Algorithm | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 893-896 | ||
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| Address | Brussels, Belgium | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICIP | ||
| Notes | ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RoS2011a; ADAS @ adas @ | Serial | 1782 | ||
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| Author | Javier Vazquez | ||||
| Title | Colour Constancy in Natural Through Colour Naming and Sensor Sharpening | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Colour is derived from three physical properties: incident light, object reflectance and sensor sensitivities. Incident light varies under natural conditions; hence, recovering scene illuminant is an important issue in computational colour. One way to deal with this problem under calibrated conditions is by following three steps, 1) building a narrow-band sensor basis to accomplish the diagonal model, 2) building a feasible set of illuminants, and 3) defining criteria to select the best illuminant. In this work we focus on colour constancy for natural images by introducing perceptual criteria in the first and third stages.
To deal with the illuminant selection step, we hypothesise that basic colour categories can be used as anchor categories to recover the best illuminant. These colour names are related to the way that the human visual system has evolved to encode relevant natural colour statistics. Therefore the recovered image provides the best representation of the scene labelled with the basic colour terms. We demonstrate with several experiments how this selection criterion achieves current state-of-art results in computational colour constancy. In addition to this result, we psychophysically prove that usual angular error used in colour constancy does not correlate with human preferences, and we propose a new perceptual colour constancy evaluation. The implementation of this selection criterion strongly relies on the use of a diagonal model for illuminant change. Consequently, the second contribution focuses on building an appropriate narrow-band sensor basis to represent natural images. We propose to use the spectral sharpening technique to compute a unique narrow-band basis optimised to represent a large set of natural reflectances under natural illuminants and given in the basis of human cones. The proposed sensors allow predicting unique hues and the World colour Survey data independently of the illuminant by using a compact singularity function. Additionally, we studied different families of sharp sensors to minimise different perceptual measures. This study brought us to extend the spherical sampling procedure from 3D to 6D. Several research lines still remain open. One natural extension would be to measure the effects of using the computed sharp sensors on the category hypothesis, while another might be to insert spatial contextual information to improve category hypothesis. Finally, much work still needs to be done to explore how individual sensors can be adjusted to the colours in a scene. |
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Maria Vanrell;Graham D. Finlayson | |
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| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ Vaz2011a | Serial | 1785 | ||
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| Author | Jaime Moreno | ||||
| Title | Perceptual Criteria on Image Compresions | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Nowadays, digital images are used in many areas in everyday life, but they tend to be big. This increases amount of information leads us to the problem of image data storage. For example, it is common to have a representation a color pixel as a 24-bit number, where the channels red, green, and blue employ 8 bits each. In consequence, this kind of color pixel can specify one of 224 ¼ 16:78 million colors. Therefore, an image at a resolution of 512 £ 512 that allocates 24 bits per pixel, occupies 786,432 bytes. That is why image compression is important. An important feature of image compression is that it can be lossy or lossless. A compressed image is acceptable provided these losses of image information are not perceived by the eye. It is possible to assume that a portion of this information is redundant. Lossless Image Compression is defined as to mathematically decode the same image which was encoded. In Lossy Image Compression needs to identify two features inside the image: the redundancy and the irrelevancy of information. Thus, lossy compression modifies the image data in such a way when they are encoded and decoded, the recovered image is similar enough to the original one. How similar is the recovered image in comparison to the original image is defined prior to the compression process, and it depends on the implementation to be performed. In lossy compression, current image compression schemes remove information considered irrelevant by using mathematical criteria. One of the problems of these schemes is that although the numerical quality of the compressed image is low, it shows a high visual image quality, e.g. it does not show a lot of visible artifacts. It is because these mathematical criteria, used to remove information, do not take into account if the viewed information is perceived by the Human Visual System. Therefore, the aim of an image compression scheme designed to obtain images that do not show artifacts although their numerical quality can be low, is to eliminate the information that is not visible by the Human Visual System. Hence, this Ph.D. thesis proposes to exploit the visual redundancy existing in an image by reducing those features that can be unperceivable for the Human Visual System. First, we define an image quality assessment, which is highly correlated with the psychophysical experiments performed by human observers. The proposed CwPSNR metrics weights the well-known PSNR by using a particular perceptual low level model of the Human Visual System, e.g. the Chromatic Induction Wavelet Model (CIWaM). Second, we propose an image compression algorithm (called Hi-SET), which exploits the high correlation and self-similarity of pixels in a given area or neighborhood by means of a fractal function. Hi-SET possesses the main features that modern image compressors have, that is, it is an embedded coder, which allows a progressive transmission. Third, we propose a perceptual quantizer (½SQ), which is a modification of the uniform scalar quantizer. The ½SQ is applied to a pixel set in a certain Wavelet sub-band, that is, a global quantization. Unlike this, the proposed modification allows to perform a local pixel-by-pixel forward and inverse quantization, introducing into this process a perceptual distortion which depends on the surround spatial information of the pixel. Combining ½SQ method with the Hi-SET image compressor, we define a perceptual image compressor, called ©SET. Finally, a coding method for Region of Interest areas is presented, ½GBbBShift, which perceptually weights pixels into these areas and maintains only the more important perceivable features in the rest of the image. Results presented in this report show that CwPSNR is the best-ranked image quality method when it is applied to the most common image compression distortions such as JPEG and JPEG2000. CwPSNR shows the best correlation with the judgement of human observers, which is based on the results of psychophysical experiments obtained for relevant image quality databases such as TID2008, LIVE, CSIQ and IVC. Furthermore, Hi-SET coder obtains better results both for compression ratios and perceptual image quality than the JPEG2000 coder and other coders that use a Hilbert Fractal for image compression. Hence, when the proposed perceptual quantization is introduced to Hi-SET coder, our compressor improves its numerical and perceptual e±ciency. When ½GBbBShift method applied to Hi-SET is compared against MaxShift method applied to the JPEG2000 standard and Hi-SET, the images coded by our ROI method get the best results when the overall image quality is estimated. Both the proposed perceptual quantization and the ½GBbBShift method are generalized algorithms that can be applied to other Wavelet based image compression algorithms such as JPEG2000, SPIHT or SPECK. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Xavier Otazu | |
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ISBN | 978-84-938351-3-2 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ Mor2011 | Serial | 1786 | ||
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| Author | Ferran Diego | ||||
| Title | Probabilistic Alignment of Video Sequences Recorded by Moving Cameras | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Video alignment consists of integrating multiple video sequences recorded independently into a single video sequence. This means to register both in time (synchronize
frames) and space (image registration) so that the two videos sequences can be fused or compared pixel–wise. In spite of being relatively unknown, many applications today may benefit from the availability of robust and efficient video alignment methods. For instance, video surveillance requires to integrate video sequences that are recorded of the same scene at different times in order to detect changes. The problem of aligning videos has been addressed before, but in the relatively simple cases of fixed or rigidly attached cameras and simultaneous acquisition. In addition, most works rely on restrictive assumptions which reduce its difficulty such as linear time correspondence or the knowledge of the complete trajectories of corresponding scene points on the images; to some extent, these assumptions limit the practical applicability of the solutions developed until now. In this thesis, we focus on the challenging problem of aligning sequences recorded at different times from independent moving cameras following similar but not coincident trajectories. More precisely, this thesis covers four studies that advance the state-of-the-art in video alignment. First, we focus on analyzing and developing a probabilistic framework for video alignment, that is, a principled way to integrate multiple observations and prior information. In this way, two different approaches are presented to exploit the combination of several purely visual features (image–intensities, visual words and dense motion field descriptor), and global positioning system (GPS) information. Second, we focus on reformulating the problem into a single alignment framework since previous works on video alignment adopt a divide–and–conquer strategy, i.e., first solve the synchronization, and then register corresponding frames. This also generalizes the ’classic’ case of fixed geometric transform and linear time mapping. Third, we focus on exploiting directly the time domain of the video sequences in order to avoid exhaustive cross–frame search. This provides relevant information used for learning the temporal mapping between pairs of video sequences. Finally, we focus on adapting these methods to the on–line setting for road detection and vehicle geolocation. The qualitative and quantitative results presented in this thesis on a variety of real–world pairs of video sequences show that the proposed method is: robust to varying imaging conditions, different image content (e.g., incoming and outgoing vehicles), variations on camera velocity, and different scenarios (indoor and outdoor) going beyond the state–of–the–art. Moreover, the on–line video alignment has been successfully applied for road detection and vehicle geolocation achieving promising results. |
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Joan Serrat | |
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| Notes | ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ Die2011 | Serial | 1787 | ||
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| Author | Marçal Rusiñol; David Aldavert; Ricardo Toledo; Josep Llados | ||||
| Title | Browsing Heterogeneous Document Collections by a Segmentation-Free Word Spotting Method | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 11th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 63-67 | ||
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| Abstract | In this paper, we present a segmentation-free word spotting method that is able to deal with heterogeneous document image collections. We propose a patch-based framework where patches are represented by a bag-of-visual-words model powered by SIFT descriptors. A later refinement of the feature vectors is performed by applying the latent semantic indexing technique. The proposed method performs well on both handwritten and typewritten historical document images. We have also tested our method on documents written in non-Latin scripts. | ||||
| Address | Beijing, China | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG;ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RAT2011 | Serial | 1788 | ||
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| Author | Volkmar Frinken; Andreas Fischer; Horst Bunke; Alicia Fornes | ||||
| Title | Co-training for Handwritten Word Recognition | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 11th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 314-318 | ||
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| Abstract | To cope with the tremendous variations of writing styles encountered between different individuals, unconstrained automatic handwriting recognition systems need to be trained on large sets of labeled data. Traditionally, the training data has to be labeled manually, which is a laborious and costly process. Semi-supervised learning techniques offer methods to utilize unlabeled data, which can be obtained cheaply in large amounts in order, to reduce the need for labeled data. In this paper, we propose the use of Co-Training for improving the recognition accuracy of two weakly trained handwriting recognition systems. The first one is based on Recurrent Neural Networks while the second one is based on Hidden Markov Models. On the IAM off-line handwriting database we demonstrate a significant increase of the recognition accuracy can be achieved with Co-Training for single word recognition. | ||||
| Address | Beijing, China | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FFB2011 | Serial | 1789 | ||
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| Author | Alicia Fornes; Anjan Dutta; Albert Gordo; Josep Llados | ||||
| Title | The ICDAR 2011 Music Scores Competition: Staff Removal and Writer Identification | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 11th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1511-1515 | ||
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| Abstract | In the last years, there has been a growing interest in the analysis of handwritten music scores. In this sense, our goal has been to foster the interest in the analysis of handwritten music scores by the proposal of two different competitions: Staff removal and Writer Identification. Both competitions have been tested on the CVC-MUSCIMA database: a ground-truth of handwritten music score images. This paper describes the competition details, including the dataset and ground-truth, the evaluation metrics, and a short description of the participants, their methods, and the obtained results. | ||||
| Address | Beijing, China | ||||
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ISBN | 978-0-7695-4520-2 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FDG2011b | Serial | 1794 | ||
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| Author | Xavier Carrillo; E Fernandez-Nofrerias; Francesco Ciompi; Oriol Rodriguez-Leor; Petia Radeva; Neus Salvatella; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; A. Bayes | ||||
| Title | Changes in Radial Artery Volume Assessed Using Intravascular Ultrasound: A Comparison of Two Vasodilator Regimens in Transradial Coronary Intervention | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Journal of Invasive Cardiology | Abbreviated Journal | JOIC |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 401-404 |
| Keywords | radial; vasodilator treatment; percutaneous coronary intervention; IVUS; volumetric IVUS analysis | ||||
| Abstract | OBJECTIVES:
This study used intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to evaluate radial artery volume changes after intraarterial administration of nitroglycerin and/or verapamil. BACKGROUND: Radial artery spasm, which is associated with radial artery size, is the main limitation of the transradial approach in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). METHODS: This prospective, randomized study compared the effect of two intra-arterial vasodilator regimens on radial artery volume: 0.2 mg of nitroglycerin plus 2.5 mg of verapamil (Group 1; n = 15) versus 2.5 mg of verapamil alone (Group 2; n = 15). Radial artery lumen volume was assessed using IVUS at two time points: at baseline (5 minutes after sheath insertion) and post-vasodilator (1 minute after drug administration). The luminal volume of the radial artery was computed using ECOC Random Fields (ECOC-RF), a technique used for automatic segmentation of luminal borders in longitudinal cut images from IVUS sequences. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in arterial lumen volume in both groups, with an increase from 451 ± 177 mm³ to 508 ± 192 mm³ (p = 0.001) in Group 1 and from 456 ± 188 mm³ to 509 ± 170 mm³ (p = 0.001) in Group 2. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of absolute volume increase (58 mm³ versus 53 mm³, respectively; p = 0.65) or in relative volume increase (14% versus 20%, respectively; p = 0.69). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of nitroglycerin plus verapamil or verapamil alone to the radial artery resulted in similar increases in arterial lumen volume according to ECOC-RF IVUS measurements. |
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| Notes | MILAB;HuPBA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CFC2011 | Serial | 1797 | ||
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| Author | Francesco Ciompi; A. Palaioroutas; M. Loeve; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva; H. Tiddens; M. de Bruijne | ||||
| Title | Lung Tissue Classification in Severe Advanced Cystic Fibrosis from CT Scans | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | In MICCAI 2011 4th International Workshop on Pulmonary Image Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Address | Toronto, Canada | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | PIA | ||
| Notes | MILAB;HuPBA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CPL2011 | Serial | 1798 | ||
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| Author | Simone Balocco; Carlo Gatta; Xavier Carrillo; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Plaque Type, Plaque Burden and Wall Shear Stress Relation in Coronary Arteries Assessed by X-ray Angiography and Intravascular Ultrasound: a Qualitative Study | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 14th International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | In this paper, we present a complete framework that automatically provides fluid-dynamic and plaque analysis from IVUS and Angiographic sequences. Such framework is used to analyze, in three coronary arteries, the relation between wall shear stress with type and amount of plaque. Preliminary qualitative results show an inverse relation between the wall shear stress and the plaque burden, which is confirmed by the fact that the plaque growth is higher on the wall having concave curvature. Regarding the plaque type it was observed that regions having low shear stress are predominantly fibro-lipidic while the heavy calcifications are in general located in areas of the vessel having high WSS. | ||||
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ISBN | 978-1-4503-0913-4 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ISABEL | ||
| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BGC2011b | Serial | 1799 | ||
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| Author | Sergio Escalera; Xavier Baro; Oriol Pujol; Jordi Vitria; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Traffic-Sign Recognition Systems | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | SpringerBriefs in Computer Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 5-13 | ||
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| Publisher | Springer London | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISBN | 978-1-4471-2244-9 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | MILAB; OR;HuPBA;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ EBP2011 | Serial | 1801 | ||
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| Author | Carlo Gatta; Eloi Puertas; Oriol Pujol | ||||
| Title | Multi-Scale Stacked Sequential Learning | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 44 | Issue | 10-11 | Pages | 2414-2416 |
| Keywords | Stacked sequential learning; Multiscale; Multiresolution; Contextual classification | ||||
| Abstract | One of the most widely used assumptions in supervised learning is that data is independent and identically distributed. This assumption does not hold true in many real cases. Sequential learning is the discipline of machine learning that deals with dependent data such that neighboring examples exhibit some kind of relationship. In the literature, there are different approaches that try to capture and exploit this correlation, by means of different methodologies. In this paper we focus on meta-learning strategies and, in particular, the stacked sequential learning approach. The main contribution of this work is two-fold: first, we generalize the stacked sequential learning. This generalization reflects the key role of neighboring interactions modeling. Second, we propose an effective and efficient way of capturing and exploiting sequential correlations that takes into account long-range interactions by means of a multi-scale pyramidal decomposition of the predicted labels. Additionally, this new method subsumes the standard stacked sequential learning approach. We tested the proposed method on two different classification tasks: text lines classification in a FAQ data set and image classification. Results on these tasks clearly show that our approach outperforms the standard stacked sequential learning. Moreover, we show that the proposed method allows to control the trade-off between the detail and the desired range of the interactions. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
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| Notes | MILAB;HuPBA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GPP2011 | Serial | 1802 | ||
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| Author | E. Serradell; Adriana Romero; R. Leta; Carlo Gatta; Francesc Moreno-Noguer | ||||
| Title | Simultaneous Correspondence and Non-Rigid 3D Reconstruction of the Coronary Tree from Single X-Ray Images | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 13th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 850-857 | ||
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| Address | Barcelona | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICCV | ||
| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SRL2011 | Serial | 1803 | ||
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| Author | Nataliya Shapovalova; Carles Fernandez; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | Semantics of Human Behavior in Image Sequences | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Computer Analysis of Human Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | 7 | Pages | 151-182 | |
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| Abstract | Human behavior is contextualized and understanding the scene of an action is crucial for giving proper semantics to behavior. In this chapter we present a novel approach for scene understanding. The emphasis of this work is on the particular case of Human Event Understanding. We introduce a new taxonomy to organize the different semantic levels of the Human Event Understanding framework proposed. Such a framework particularly contributes to the scene understanding domain by (i) extracting behavioral patterns from the integrative analysis of spatial, temporal, and contextual evidence and (ii) integrative analysis of bottom-up and top-down approaches in Human Event Understanding. We will explore how the information about interactions between humans and their environment influences the performance of activity recognition, and how this can be extrapolated to the temporal domain in order to extract higher inferences from human events observed in sequences of images. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer London | Place of Publication | Editor | Albert Ali Salah; | |
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ISBN | 978-0-85729-993-2 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SFR2011 | Serial | 1810 | ||
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| Author | Wenjuan Gong; Jürgen Brauer; Michael Arens; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | Modeling vs. Learning Approaches for Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | 1st IEEE International Workshop on Performance Evaluation on Recognition of Human Actions and Pose Estimation Methods | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Address | London, United Kingdom | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | PERHAPS | ||
| Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GBA2011 | Serial | 1812 | ||
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