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| Author | Adriana Romero | ||||
| Title | Assisting the training of deep neural networks with applications to computer vision | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Deep learning has recently been enjoying an increasing popularity due to its success in solving challenging tasks. In particular, deep learning has proven to be effective in a large variety of computer vision tasks, such as image classification, object recognition and image parsing. Contrary to previous research, which required engineered feature representations, designed by experts, in order to succeed, deep learning attempts to learn representation hierarchies automatically from data. More recently, the trend has been to go deeper with representation hierarchies.
Learning (very) deep representation hierarchies is a challenging task, which involves the optimization of highly non-convex functions. Therefore, the search for algorithms to ease the learning of (very) deep representation hierarchies from data is extensive and ongoing. In this thesis, we tackle the challenging problem of easing the learning of (very) deep representation hierarchies. We present a hyper-parameter free, off-the-shelf, simple and fast unsupervised algorithm to discover hidden structure from the input data by enforcing a very strong form of sparsity. We study the applicability and potential of the algorithm to learn representations of varying depth in a handful of applications and domains, highlighting the ability of the algorithm to provide discriminative feature representations that are able to achieve top performance. Yet, while emphasizing the great value of unsupervised learning methods when labeled data is scarce, the recent industrial success of deep learning has revolved around supervised learning. Supervised learning is currently the focus of many recent research advances, which have shown to excel at many computer vision tasks. Top performing systems often involve very large and deep models, which are not well suited for applications with time or memory limitations. More in line with the current trends, we engage in making top performing models more efficient, by designing very deep and thin models. Since training such very deep models still appears to be a challenging task, we introduce a novel algorithm that guides the training of very thin and deep models by hinting their intermediate representations. Very deep and thin models trained by the proposed algorithm end up extracting feature representations that are comparable or even better performing than the ones extracted by large state-of-the-art models, while compellingly reducing the time and memory consumption of the model. |
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| Address | October 2015 | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Carlo Gatta;Petia Radeva | |
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| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ Rom2015 | Serial | 2707 | ||
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| Author | Maedeh Aghaei; Mariella Dimiccoli; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Multi-Face Tracking by Extended Bag-of-Tracklets in Egocentric Videos | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Arxiv | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Egocentric images offer a hands-free way to record daily experiences and special events, where social interactions are of special interest. A natural question that arises is how to extract and track the appearance of multiple persons in a social event captured by a wearable camera. In this paper, we propose a novel method to find correspondences of multiple-faces in low temporal resolution egocentric sequences acquired through a wearable camera. This kind of sequences imposes additional challenges to the multitracking problem with respect to conventional videos. Due to the free motion of the camera and to its low temporal resolution (2 fpm), abrupt changes in the field of view, in illumination conditions and in the target location are very frequent. To overcome such a difficulty, we propose to generate, for each detected face, a set of correspondences along the whole sequence that we call tracklet and to take advantage of their redundancy to deal with both false positive face detections and unreliable tracklets. Similar tracklets are grouped into the so called extended bag-of-tracklets (eBoT), which are aimed to correspond to specific persons. Finally, a prototype tracklet is extracted for each eBoT. We validated our method over a dataset of 18.000 images from 38 egocentric sequences with 52 trackable persons and compared to the state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness. | ||||
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| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ ADR2015b | Serial | 2713 | ||
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| Author | Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny | ||||
| Title | Query by String word spotting based on character bi-gram indexing | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 881-885 | ||
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| Abstract | In this paper we propose a segmentation-free query by string word spotting method. Both the documents and query strings are encoded using a recently proposed word representa- tion that projects images and strings into a common atribute space based on a pyramidal histogram of characters(PHOC). These attribute models are learned using linear SVMs over the Fisher Vector representation of the images along with the PHOC labels of the corresponding strings. In order to search through the whole page, document regions are indexed per character bi- gram using a similar attribute representation. On top of that, we propose an integral image representation of the document using a simplified version of the attribute model for efficient computation. Finally we introduce a re-ranking step in order to boost retrieval performance. We show state-of-the-art results for segmentation-free query by string word spotting in single-writer and multi-writer standard datasets | ||||
| Address | Nancy; France; August 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.077 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GhV2015a | Serial | 2715 | ||
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| Author | Fadi Dornaika; Bogdan Raducanu; Alireza Bosaghzadeh | ||||
| Title | Facial expression recognition based on multi observations with application to social robotics | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Emotional and Facial Expressions: Recognition, Developmental Differences and Social Importance | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 153-166 | ||
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| Abstract | Human-robot interaction is a hot topic nowadays in the social robotics
community. One crucial aspect is represented by the affective communication which comes encoded through the facial expressions. In this chapter, we propose a novel approach for facial expression recognition, which exploits an efficient and adaptive graph-based label propagation (semi-supervised mode) in a multi-observation framework. The facial features are extracted using an appearance-based 3D face tracker, viewand texture independent. Our method has been extensively tested on the CMU dataset, and has been conveniently compared with other methods for graph construction. With the proposed approach, we developed an application for an AIBO robot, in which it mirrors the recognized facial expression. |
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| Publisher | Nova Science publishers | Place of Publication | Editor | Bruce Flores | |
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| Notes | LAMP; | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DRB2015 | Serial | 2720 | ||
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| Author | Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Joaquin Salas | ||||
| Title | Evaluating Real-Time Mirroring of Head Gestures using Smart Glasses | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | 16th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 452-460 | ||
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| Abstract | Mirroring occurs when one person tends to mimic the non-verbal communication of their counterparts. Even though mirroring is a complex phenomenon, in this study, we focus on the detection of head-nodding as a simple non-verbal communication cue due to its significance as a gesture displayed during social interactions. This paper introduces a computer vision-based method to detect mirroring through the analysis of head gestures using wearable cameras (smart glasses). In addition, we study how such a method can be used to explore perceived competence. The proposed method has been evaluated and the experiments demonstrate how static and wearable cameras seem to be equally effective to gather the information required for the analysis. | ||||
| Address | Santiago de Chile; December 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICCVW | ||
| Notes | LAMP; 600.068; 600.072; | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ TRM2015 | Serial | 2722 | ||
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| Author | M. Campos-Taberner; Adriana Romero; Carlo Gatta; Gustavo Camps-Valls | ||||
| Title | Shared feature representations of LiDAR and optical images: Trading sparsity for semantic discrimination | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 4169 - 4172 | ||
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| Abstract | This paper studies the level of complementary information conveyed by extremely high resolution LiDAR and optical images. We pursue this goal following an indirect approach via unsupervised spatial-spectral feature extraction. We used a recently presented unsupervised convolutional neural network trained to enforce both population and lifetime spar-sity in the feature representation. We derived independent and joint feature representations, and analyzed the sparsity scores and the discriminative power. Interestingly, the obtained results revealed that the RGB+LiDAR representation is no longer sparse, and the derived basis functions merge color and elevation yielding a set of more expressive colored edge filters. The joint feature representation is also more discriminative when used for clustering and topological data visualization. | ||||
| Address | Milan; Italy; July 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | IGARSS | ||
| Notes | LAMP; 600.079;MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ CRG2015 | Serial | 2724 | ||
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| Author | R. Bertrand; Oriol Ramos Terrades; P. Gomez-Kramer; P. Franco; Jean-Marc Ogier | ||||
| Title | A Conditional Random Field model for font forgery detection | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 576 - 580 | ||
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| Abstract | Nowadays, document forgery is becoming a real issue. A large amount of documents that contain critical information as payment slips, invoices or contracts, are constantly subject to fraudster manipulation because of the lack of security regarding this kind of document. Previously, a system to detect fraudulent documents based on its intrinsic features has been presented. It was especially designed to retrieve copy-move forgery and imperfection due to fraudster manipulation. However, when a set of characters is not present in the original document, copy-move forgery is not feasible. Hence, the fraudster will use a text toolbox to add or modify information in the document by imitating the font or he will cut and paste characters from another document where the font properties are similar. This often results in font type errors. Thus, a clue to detect document forgery consists of finding characters, words or sentences in a document with font properties different from their surroundings. To this end, we present in this paper an automatic forgery detection method based on document font features. Using the Conditional Random Field a measurement of probability that a character belongs to a specific font is made by comparing the character font features to a knowledge database. Then, the character is classified as a genuine or a fake one by comparing its probability to belong to a certain font type with those of the neighboring characters. | ||||
| Address | Nancy; France; August 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.077 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BRG2015 | Serial | 2725 | ||
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| Author | Lluis Pere de las Heras; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Josep Llados; David Fernandez; Cristina Cañero | ||||
| Title | Use case visual Bag-of-Words techniques for camera based identity document classification | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 721 - 725 | ||
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| Abstract | Nowadays, automatic identity document recognition, including passport and driving license recognition, is at the core of many applications within the administrative and service sectors, such as police, hospitality, car renting, etc. In former years, the document information was manually extracted whereas today this data is recognized automatically from images obtained by flat-bed scanners. Yet, since these scanners tend to be expensive and voluminous, companies in the sector have recently turned their attention to cheaper, small and yet computationally powerful scanners: the mobile devices. The document identity recognition from mobile images enclose several new difficulties w.r.t traditional scanned images, such as the loss of a controlled background, perspective, blurring, etc. In this paper we present a real application for identity document classification of images taken from mobile devices. This classification process is of extreme importance since a prior knowledge of the document type and origin strongly facilitates the subsequent information extraction. The proposed method is based on a traditional Bagof-Words in which we have taken into consideration several key aspects to enhance recognition rate. The method performance has been studied on three datasets containing more than 2000 images from 129 different document classes. | ||||
| Address | Nancy; France; August 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.077; 600.061; | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ HRL2015a | Serial | 2726 | ||
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| Author | Lluis Pere de las Heras; Oriol Ramos Terrades; Josep Llados | ||||
| Title | Attributed Graph Grammar for floor plan analysis | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition ICDAR2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 726 - 730 | ||
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| Abstract | In this paper, we propose the use of an Attributed Graph Grammar as unique framework to model and recognize the structure of floor plans. This grammar represents a building as a hierarchical composition of structurally and semantically related elements, where common representations are learned stochastically from annotated data. Given an input image, the parsing consists on constructing that graph representation that better agrees with the probabilistic model defined by the grammar. The proposed method provides several advantages with respect to the traditional floor plan analysis techniques. It uses an unsupervised statistical approach for detecting walls that adapts to different graphical notations and relaxes strong structural assumptions such are straightness and orthogonality. Moreover, the independence between the knowledge model and the parsing implementation allows the method to learn automatically different building configurations and thus, to cope the existing variability. These advantages are clearly demonstrated by comparing it with the most recent floor plan interpretation techniques on 4 datasets of real floor plans with different notations. | ||||
| Address | Nancy; France; August 2015 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDAR | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.077; 600.061 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ HRL2015b | Serial | 2727 | ||
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| Author | Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Meritxell Joanpere; Nuria Gorgorio; Lluis Albarracin | ||||
| Title | Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a Tower Defense Game | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | International Journal of Serious Games | Abbreviated Journal | IJSG |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 57-71 |
| Keywords | Tower Defense game; learning opportunities; mathematics; problem solving; game design | ||||
| Abstract | A qualitative research study is presented herein with the purpose of identifying mathematics learning opportunities in students between 10 and 12 years old while playing a commercial version of a Tower Defense game. These learning opportunities are understood as mathematicisable moments of the game and involve the establishment of relationships between the game and mathematical problem solving. Based on the analysis of these mathematicisable moments, we conclude that the game can promote problem-solving processes and learning opportunities that can be associated with different mathematical contents that appears in mathematics curricula, thought it seems that teacher or new game elements might be needed to facilitate the processes. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.076 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ HJG2015 | Serial | 2730 | ||
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| Author | Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Jorge Bernal; Cristina Rodriguez de Miguel; Debora Gil; Fernando Vilariño; Henry Cordova; Cristina Sanchez Montes; I.Araujo ; Maria Lopez Ceron; J.Llach; F. Javier Sanchez | ||||
| Title | Colonic polyps are correctly identified by a computer vision method using wm-dova energy maps | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Proceedings of 23 United European- UEG Week 2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | UEG | ||
| Notes | MV; IAM; 600.075;SIAI | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FBR2015 | Serial | 2732 | ||
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| Author | Debora Gil; F. Javier Sanchez; Gloria Fernandez Esparrach; Jorge Bernal | ||||
| Title | 3D Stable Spatio-temporal Polyp Localization in Colonoscopy Videos | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Computer-Assisted and Robotic Endoscopy. Revised selected papers of Second International Workshop, CARE 2015, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2015 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 9515 | Issue | Pages | 140-152 | |
| Keywords | Colonoscopy, Polyp Detection, Polyp Localization, Region Extraction, Watersheds | ||||
| Abstract | Computational intelligent systems could reduce polyp miss rate in colonoscopy for colon cancer diagnosis and, thus, increase the efficiency of the procedure. One of the main problems of existing polyp localization methods is a lack of spatio-temporal stability in their response. We propose to explore the response of a given polyp localization across temporal windows in order to select
those image regions presenting the highest stable spatio-temporal response. Spatio-temporal stability is achieved by extracting 3D watershed regions on the temporal window. Stability in localization response is statistically determined by analysis of the variance of the output of the localization method inside each 3D region. We have explored the benefits of considering spatio-temporal stability in two different tasks: polyp localization and polyp detection. Experimental results indicate an average improvement of 21:5% in polyp localization and 43:78% in polyp detection. |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | CARE | ||
| Notes | IAM; MV; 600.075 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GSF2015 | Serial | 2733 | ||
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| Author | David Sanchez-Mendoza; David Masip; Agata Lapedriza | ||||
| Title | Emotion recognition from mid-level features | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
| Volume | 67 | Issue | Part 1 | Pages | 66–74 |
| Keywords | Facial expression; Emotion recognition; Action units; Computer vision | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we present a study on the use of Action Units as mid-level features for automatically recognizing basic and subtle emotions. We propose a representation model based on mid-level facial muscular movement features. We encode these movements dynamically using the Facial Action Coding System, and propose to use these intermediate features based on Action Units (AUs) to classify emotions. AUs activations are detected fusing a set of spatiotemporal geometric and appearance features. The algorithm is validated in two applications: (i) the recognition of 7 basic emotions using the publicly available Cohn-Kanade database, and (ii) the inference of subtle emotional cues in the Newscast database. In this second scenario, we consider emotions that are perceived cumulatively in longer periods of time. In particular, we Automatically classify whether video shoots from public News TV channels refer to Good or Bad news. To deal with the different video lengths we propose a Histogram of Action Units and compute it using a sliding window strategy on the frame sequences. Our approach achieves accuracies close to human perception. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier B.V. | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 0167-8655 | ISBN |
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| Notes | OR;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SML2015 | Serial | 2746 | ||
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| Author | Joan M. Nuñez; Jorge Bernal; F. Javier Sanchez; Fernando Vilariño | ||||
| Title | Growing Algorithm for Intersection Detection (GRAID) in branching patterns | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Machine Vision and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MVAP |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 387-400 |
| Keywords | Bifurcation ; Crossroad; Intersection ;Retina ; Vessel | ||||
| Abstract | Analysis of branching structures represents a very important task in fields such as medical diagnosis, road detection or biometrics. Detecting intersection landmarks Becomes crucial when capturing the structure of a branching pattern. We present a very simple geometrical model to describe intersections in branching structures based on two conditions: Bounded Tangency condition (BT) and Shortest Branch (SB) condition. The proposed model precisely sets a geometrical characterization of intersections and allows us to introduce a new unsupervised operator for intersection extraction. We propose an implementation that handles the consequences of digital domain operation that,unlike existing approaches, is not restricted to a particular scale and does not require the computation of the thinned pattern. The new proposal, as well as other existing approaches in the bibliography, are evaluated in a common framework for the first time. The performance analysis is based on two manually segmented image data sets: DRIVE retinal image database and COLON-VESSEL data set, a newly created data set of vascular content in colonoscopy frames. We have created an intersection landmark ground truth for each data set besides comparing our method in the only existing ground truth. Quantitative results confirm that we are able to outperform state-of-the-art performancelevels with the advantage that neither training nor parameter tuning is needed. | ||||
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| Notes | ;SIAI | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @MBS2015 | Serial | 2777 | ||
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| Author | Jordina Torrents-Barrena; Aida Valls; Petia Radeva; Meritxell Arenas; Domenec Puig | ||||
| Title | Automatic Recognition of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer in X-Ray images using Segmentation-based Fractal Texture Analysis | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Artificial Intelligence Research and Development | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 277 | Issue | Pages | 247 - 256 | |
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| Abstract | Breast cancer disease has recently been classified into four subtypes regarding the molecular properties of the affected tumor region. For each patient, an accurate diagnosis of the specific type is vital to decide the most appropriate therapy in order to enhance life prospects. Nowadays, advanced therapeutic diagnosis research is focused on gene selection methods, which are not robust enough. Hence, we hypothesize that computer vision algorithms can offer benefits to address the problem of discriminating among them through X-Ray images. In this paper, we propose a novel approach driven by texture feature descriptors and machine learning techniques. First, we segment the tumour part through an active contour technique and then, we perform a complete fractal analysis to collect qualitative information of the region of interest in the feature extraction stage. Finally, several supervised and unsupervised classifiers are used to perform multiclass classification of the aforementioned data. The experimental results presented in this paper support that it is possible to establish a relation between each tumor subtype and the extracted features of the patterns revealed on mammograms. | ||||
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| Publisher | IOS Press | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Notes | MILAB | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @TVR2015 | Serial | 2780 | ||
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