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Author |
Jorge Bernal; Fernando Vilariño; F. Javier Sanchez |
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Title |
Towards Intelligent Systems for Colonoscopy |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Colonoscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
257-282 |
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Abstract |
In this chapter we present tools that can be used to build intelligent systems for colonoscopy.
The idea is, by using methods based on computer vision and artificial intelligence, add significant value to the colonoscopy procedure. Intelligent systems are being used to assist in other medical interventions |
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Intech |
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Editor |
Paul Miskovitz |
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978-953-307-568-6 |
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800 |
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MV;SIAI |
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no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ BVS2011 |
Serial |
1697 |
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Author |
Aura Hernandez-Sabate; Debora Gil; David Roche; Monica M. S. Matsumoto; Sergio S. Furuie |
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Title |
Inferring the Performance of Medical Imaging Algorithms |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
14th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6854 |
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Pages |
520-528 |
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Keywords |
Validation, Statistical Inference, Medical Imaging Algorithms. |
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Abstract |
Evaluation of the performance and limitations of medical imaging algorithms is essential to estimate their impact in social, economic or clinical aspects. However, validation of medical imaging techniques is a challenging task due to the variety of imaging and clinical problems involved, as well as, the difficulties for systematically extracting a reliable solely ground truth. Although specific validation protocols are reported in any medical imaging paper, there are still two major concerns: definition of standardized methodologies transversal to all problems and generalization of conclusions to the whole clinical data set.
We claim that both issues would be fully solved if we had a statistical model relating ground truth and the output of computational imaging techniques. Such a statistical model could conclude to what extent the algorithm behaves like the ground truth from the analysis of a sampling of the validation data set. We present a statistical inference framework reporting the agreement and describing the relationship of two quantities. We show its transversality by applying it to validation of two different tasks: contour segmentation and landmark correspondence. |
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Sevilla |
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Publisher |
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
Berlin |
Editor |
Pedro Real; Daniel Diaz-Pernil; Helena Molina-Abril; Ainhoa Berciano; Walter Kropatsch |
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CAIP |
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IAM; ADAS |
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no |
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IAM @ iam @ HGR2011 |
Serial |
1676 |
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Author |
Olivier Penacchio |
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Title |
Mixed Hodge Structures and Equivariant Sheaves on the Projective Plane |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Mathematische Nachrichten |
Abbreviated Journal |
MN |
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Volume |
284 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
526-542 |
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Keywords |
Mixed Hodge structures, equivariant sheaves, MSC (2010) Primary: 14C30, Secondary: 14F05, 14M25 |
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Abstract |
We describe an equivalence of categories between the category of mixed Hodge structures and a category of equivariant vector bundles on a toric model of the complex projective plane which verify some semistability condition. We then apply this correspondence to define an invariant which generalizes the notion of R-split mixed Hodge structure and give calculations for the first group of cohomology of possibly non smooth or non-complete curves of genus 0 and 1. Finally, we describe some extension groups of mixed Hodge structures in terms of equivariant extensions of coherent sheaves. © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim |
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WILEY-VCH Verlag |
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Editor |
R. Mennicken |
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1522-2616 |
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CIC |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Pen2011 |
Serial |
1721 |
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Author |
Maria Vanrell; Naila Murray; Robert Benavente; C. Alejandro Parraga; Xavier Otazu; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Perception Based Representations for Computational Colour |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
3rd International Workshop on Computational Color Imaging |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6626 |
Issue |
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Pages |
16-30 |
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Keywords |
colour perception, induction, naming, psychophysical data, saliency, segmentation |
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Abstract |
The perceived colour of a stimulus is dependent on multiple factors stemming out either from the context of the stimulus or idiosyncrasies of the observer. The complexity involved in combining these multiple effects is the main reason for the gap between classical calibrated colour spaces from colour science and colour representations used in computer vision, where colour is just one more visual cue immersed in a digital image where surfaces, shadows and illuminants interact seemingly out of control. With the aim to advance a few steps towards bridging this gap we present some results on computational representations of colour for computer vision. They have been developed by introducing perceptual considerations derived from the interaction of the colour of a point with its context. We show some techniques to represent the colour of a point influenced by assimilation and contrast effects due to the image surround and we show some results on how colour saliency can be derived in real images. We outline a model for automatic assignment of colour names to image points directly trained on psychophysical data. We show how colour segments can be perceptually grouped in the image by imposing shading coherence in the colour space. |
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Milan, Italy |
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Springer-Verlag |
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Editor |
Raimondo Schettini, Shoji Tominaga, Alain Trémeau |
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LNCS |
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ISBN |
978-3-642-20403-6 |
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CCIW |
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Notes |
CIC |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ VMB2011 |
Serial |
1733 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Eduard Vazquez |
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Title |
Unsupervised image segmentation based on material reflectance description and saliency |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Image segmentations aims to partition an image into a set of non-overlapped regions, called segments. Despite the simplicity of the definition, image segmentation raises as a very complex problem in all its stages. The definition of segment is still unclear. When asking to a human to perform a segmentation, this person segments at different levels of abstraction. Some segments might be a single, well-defined texture whereas some others correspond with an object in the scene which might including multiple textures and colors. For this reason, segmentation is divided in bottom-up segmentation and top-down segmentation. Bottom up-segmentation is problem independent, that is, focused on general properties of the images such as textures or illumination. Top-down segmentation is a problem-dependent approach which looks for specific entities in the scene, such as known objects. This work is focused on bottom-up segmentation. Beginning from the analysis of the lacks of current methods, we propose an approach called RAD. Our approach overcomes the main shortcomings of those methods which use the physics of the light to perform the segmentation. RAD is a topological approach which describes a single-material reflectance. Afterwards, we cope with one of the main problems in image segmentation: non supervised adaptability to image content. To yield a non-supervised method, we use a model of saliency yet presented in this thesis. It computes the saliency of the chromatic transitions of an image by means of a statistical analysis of the images derivatives. This method of saliency is used to build our final approach of segmentation: spRAD. This method is a non-supervised segmentation approach. Our saliency approach has been validated with a psychophysical experiment as well as computationally, overcoming a state-of-the-art saliency method. spRAD also outperforms state-of-the-art segmentation techniques as results obtained with a widely-used segmentation dataset show |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Ramon Baldrich |
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Notes |
CIC |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Vaz2011b |
Serial |
1835 |
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Author |
Murad Al Haj; Carles Fernandez; Zhanwu Xiong; Ivan Huerta; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Roca |
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Title |
Beyond the Static Camera: Issues and Trends in Active Vision |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Visual Analysis of Humans: Looking at People |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
2 |
Pages |
11-30 |
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Abstract |
Maximizing both the area coverage and the resolution per target is highly desirable in many applications of computer vision. However, with a limited number of cameras viewing a scene, the two objectives are contradictory. This chapter is dedicated to active vision systems, trying to achieve a trade-off between these two aims and examining the use of high-level reasoning in such scenarios. The chapter starts by introducing different approaches to active cameras configurations. Later, a single active camera system to track a moving object is developed, offering the reader first-hand understanding of the issues involved. Another section discusses practical considerations in building an active vision platform, taking as an example a multi-camera system developed for a European project. The last section of the chapter reflects upon the future trends of using semantic factors to drive smartly coordinated active systems. |
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Springer London |
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Editor |
Th.B. Moeslund; A. Hilton; V. Krüger; L. Sigal |
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978-0-85729-996-3 |
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Notes |
ISE |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ AFX2011 |
Serial |
1814 |
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Author |
Michal Drozdzal; Santiago Segui; Carolina Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; Jordi Vitria; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Interactive Labeling of WCE Images |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
5th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6669 |
Issue |
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Pages |
143-150 |
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Abstract |
A high quality labeled training set is necessary for any supervised machine learning algorithm. Labeling of the data can be a very expensive process, specially while dealing with data of high variability and complexity. A good example of such data are the videos from Wireless Capsule Endoscopy. Building a representative WCE data set means many videos to be labeled by an expert. The problem that occurs is the data diversity, in the space of the features, from different WCE studies. That means that when new data arrives it is highly probable that it will not be represented in the training set, thus getting a high probability of performing an error when applying machine learning schemes. In this paper an interactive labeling scheme that allows reducing expert effort in the labeling process is presented. It is shown that the number of human interventions can be significantly reduced. The proposed system allows the annotation of informative/non-informative frames of the WCE video with less than 100 clicks |
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Address |
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Spain |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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Editor |
Vitria, Jordi; Sanches, João Miguel Raposo; Hernández, Mario |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes |
MILAB;OR;MV |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DSM2011 |
Serial |
1734 |
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Author |
Pierluigi Casale; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva |
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Title |
Human Activity Recognition from Accelerometer Data using a Wearable Device |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
5th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6669 |
Issue |
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Pages |
289-296 |
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Abstract |
Activity Recognition is an emerging field of research, born from the larger fields of ubiquitous computing, context-aware computing and multimedia. Recently, recognizing everyday life activities becomes one of the challenges for pervasive computing. In our work, we developed a novel wearable system easy to use and comfortable to bring. Our wearable system is based on a new set of 20 computationally efficient features and the Random Forest classifier. We obtain very encouraging results with classification accuracy of human activities recognition of up to 94%. |
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Address |
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Spain |
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Publisher |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Vitria, Jordi; Sanches, João Miguel Raposo; Hernández, Mario |
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LNCS |
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ISSN |
0302-9743 |
ISBN |
978-3-642-21256-7 |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes |
MILAB;HuPBA |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ CPR2011a |
Serial |
1735 |
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Author |
Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Horst Bunke |
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Title |
Vocabulary Selection for Graph of Words Embedding |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
5th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6669 |
Issue |
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Pages |
216-223 |
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The Graph of Words Embedding consists in mapping every graph in a given dataset to a feature vector by counting unary and binary relations between node attributes of the graph. It has been shown to perform well for graphs with discrete label alphabets. In this paper we extend the methodology to graphs with n-dimensional continuous attributes by selecting node representatives. We propose three different discretization procedures for the attribute space and experimentally evaluate the dependence on both the selector and the number of node representatives. In the context of graph classification, the experimental results reveal that on two out of three public databases the proposed extension achieves superior performance over a standard reference system. |
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Address |
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Spain |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
Berlin |
Editor |
Vitria, Jordi; Sanches, João Miguel Raposo; Hernández, Mario |
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LNCS |
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ISBN |
978-3-642-21256-7 |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes |
DAG |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ GVB2011b |
Serial |
1744 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jorge Bernal; F. Javier Sanchez; Fernando Vilariño |
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Title |
A Region Segmentation Method for Colonoscopy Images Using a Model of Polyp Appearance |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
5th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6669 |
Issue |
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Pages |
134-143 |
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Keywords |
Colonoscopy, Polyp Detection, Region Merging, Region Segmentation. |
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Abstract |
This work aims at the segmentation of colonoscopy images into a minimum number of informative regions. Our method performs in a way such, if a polyp is present in the image, it will be exclusively and totally contained in a single region. This result can be used in later stages to classify regions as polyp-containing candidates. The output of the algorithm also defines which regions can be considered as non-informative. The algorithm starts with a high number of initial regions and merges them taking into account the model of polyp appearance obtained from available data. The results show that our segmentations of polyp regions are more accurate than state-of-the-art methods. |
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Address |
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, June 2011 |
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Corporate Author |
SpringerLink |
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Editor |
Vitrià, Jordi and Sanches, João and Hernández, Mario |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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LNCS |
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978-3-642-21256-7 |
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800 |
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IbPRIA |
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Notes |
MV;SIAI |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
IAM @ iam @ BSV2011c |
Serial |
1696 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jaime Moreno |
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Title |
Perceptual Criteria on Image Compresions |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Abstract |
Nowadays, digital images are used in many areas in everyday life, but they tend to be big. This increases amount of information leads us to the problem of image data storage. For example, it is common to have a representation a color pixel as a 24-bit number, where the channels red, green, and blue employ 8 bits each. In consequence, this kind of color pixel can specify one of 224 ¼ 16:78 million colors. Therefore, an image at a resolution of 512 £ 512 that allocates 24 bits per pixel, occupies 786,432 bytes. That is why image compression is important. An important feature of image compression is that it can be lossy or lossless. A compressed image is acceptable provided these losses of image information are not perceived by the eye. It is possible to assume that a portion of this information is redundant. Lossless Image Compression is defined as to mathematically decode the same image which was encoded. In Lossy Image Compression needs to identify two features inside the image: the redundancy and the irrelevancy of information. Thus, lossy compression modifies the image data in such a way when they are encoded and decoded, the recovered image is similar enough to the original one. How similar is the recovered image in comparison to the original image is defined prior to the compression process, and it depends on the implementation to be performed. In lossy compression, current image compression schemes remove information considered irrelevant by using mathematical criteria. One of the problems of these schemes is that although the numerical quality of the compressed image is low, it shows a high visual image quality, e.g. it does not show a lot of visible artifacts. It is because these mathematical criteria, used to remove information, do not take into account if the viewed information is perceived by the Human Visual System. Therefore, the aim of an image compression scheme designed to obtain images that do not show artifacts although their numerical quality can be low, is to eliminate the information that is not visible by the Human Visual System. Hence, this Ph.D. thesis proposes to exploit the visual redundancy existing in an image by reducing those features that can be unperceivable for the Human Visual System. First, we define an image quality assessment, which is highly correlated with the psychophysical experiments performed by human observers. The proposed CwPSNR metrics weights the well-known PSNR by using a particular perceptual low level model of the Human Visual System, e.g. the Chromatic Induction Wavelet Model (CIWaM). Second, we propose an image compression algorithm (called Hi-SET), which exploits the high correlation and self-similarity of pixels in a given area or neighborhood by means of a fractal function. Hi-SET possesses the main features that modern image compressors have, that is, it is an embedded coder, which allows a progressive transmission. Third, we propose a perceptual quantizer (½SQ), which is a modification of the uniform scalar quantizer. The ½SQ is applied to a pixel set in a certain Wavelet sub-band, that is, a global quantization. Unlike this, the proposed modification allows to perform a local pixel-by-pixel forward and inverse quantization, introducing into this process a perceptual distortion which depends on the surround spatial information of the pixel. Combining ½SQ method with the Hi-SET image compressor, we define a perceptual image compressor, called ©SET. Finally, a coding method for Region of Interest areas is presented, ½GBbBShift, which perceptually weights pixels into these areas and maintains only the more important perceivable features in the rest of the image. Results presented in this report show that CwPSNR is the best-ranked image quality method when it is applied to the most common image compression distortions such as JPEG and JPEG2000. CwPSNR shows the best correlation with the judgement of human observers, which is based on the results of psychophysical experiments obtained for relevant image quality databases such as TID2008, LIVE, CSIQ and IVC. Furthermore, Hi-SET coder obtains better results both for compression ratios and perceptual image quality than the JPEG2000 coder and other coders that use a Hilbert Fractal for image compression. Hence, when the proposed perceptual quantization is introduced to Hi-SET coder, our compressor improves its numerical and perceptual e±ciency. When ½GBbBShift method applied to Hi-SET is compared against MaxShift method applied to the JPEG2000 standard and Hi-SET, the images coded by our ROI method get the best results when the overall image quality is estimated. Both the proposed perceptual quantization and the ½GBbBShift method are generalized algorithms that can be applied to other Wavelet based image compression algorithms such as JPEG2000, SPIHT or SPECK. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Xavier Otazu |
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978-84-938351-3-2 |
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Notes |
CIC |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Mor2011 |
Serial |
1786 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jaume Gibert; Ernest Valveny; Horst Bunke |
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Title |
Dimensionality Reduction for Graph of Words Embedding |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
8th IAPR-TC-15 International Workshop. Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition |
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Volume |
6658 |
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Pages |
22-31 |
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Abstract |
The Graph of Words Embedding consists in mapping every graph of a given dataset to a feature vector by counting unary and binary relations between node attributes of the graph. While it shows good properties in classification problems, it suffers from high dimensionality and sparsity. These two issues are addressed in this article. Two well-known techniques for dimensionality reduction, kernel principal component analysis (kPCA) and independent component analysis (ICA), are applied to the embedded graphs. We discuss their performance compared to the classification of the original vectors on three different public databases of graphs. |
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Address |
Münster, Germany |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Xiaoyi Jiang; Miquel Ferrer; Andrea Torsello |
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LNCS |
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ISBN |
978-3-642-20843-0 |
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Conference |
GbRPR |
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Notes |
DAG |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ GVB2011a |
Serial |
1743 |
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Author |
Fadi Dornaika; Bogdan Raducanu |
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Title |
Subtle Facial Expression Recognition in Still Images and Videos |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Advances in Face Image Analysis: Techniques and Technologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
14 |
Pages |
259-277 |
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Abstract |
This chapter addresses the recognition of basic facial expressions. It has three main contributions. First, the authors introduce a view- and texture independent schemes that exploits facial action parameters estimated by an appearance-based 3D face tracker. they represent the learned facial actions associated with different facial expressions by time series. Two dynamic recognition schemes are proposed: (1) the first is based on conditional predictive models and on an analysis-synthesis scheme, and (2) the second is based on examples allowing straightforward use of machine learning approaches. Second, the authors propose an efficient recognition scheme based on the detection of keyframes in videos. Third, the authors compare the dynamic scheme with a static one based on analyzing individual snapshots and show that in general the former performs better than the latter. The authors then provide evaluations of performance using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Non parametric Discriminant Analysis (NDA), and Support Vector Machines (SVM). |
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Publisher |
IGI-Global |
Place of Publication |
New York, USA |
Editor |
Yu-Jin Zhang |
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978-1-6152-0991-0 |
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Notes |
OR;MV |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ DoR2011 |
Serial |
1751 |
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