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| Author |
Adriana Romero; Carlo Gatta; Gustavo Camps-Valls |
| Title |
Unsupervised Deep Feature Extraction Of Hyperspectral Images |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing |
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Convolutional networks; deep learning; sparse learning; feature extraction; hyperspectral image classification |
| Abstract |
This paper presents an effective unsupervised sparse feature learning algorithm to train deep convolutional networks on hyperspectral images. Deep convolutional hierarchical representations are learned and then used for pixel classification. Features in lower layers present less abstract representations of data, while higher layers represent more abstract and complex characteristics. We successfully illustrate the performance of the extracted representations in a challenging AVIRIS hyperspectral image classification problem, compared to standard dimensionality reduction methods like principal component analysis (PCA) and its kernel counterpart (kPCA). The proposed method largely outperforms the previous state-ofthe-art results on the same experimental setting. Results show that single layer networks can extract powerful discriminative features only when the receptive field accounts for neighboring pixels. Regarding the deep architecture, we can conclude that: (1) additional layers in a deep architecture significantly improve the performance w.r.t. single layer variants; (2) the max-pooling step in each layer is mandatory to achieve satisfactory results; and (3) the performance gain w.r.t. the number of layers is upper bounded, since the spatial resolution is reduced at each pooling, resulting in too spatially coarse output features. |
| Address |
Lausanne; Switzerland; June 2014 |
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WHISPERS |
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MILAB; LAMP; 600.079 |
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Admin @ si @ RGC2014 |
Serial |
2513 |
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| Author |
Adriana Romero; Carlo Gatta; Gustavo Camps-Valls |
| Title |
Unsupervised Deep Feature Extraction for Remote Sensing Image Classification |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
IEEE Transaction on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
TGRS |
| Volume |
54 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1349 - 1362 |
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| Abstract |
This paper introduces the use of single-layer and deep convolutional networks for remote sensing data analysis. Direct application to multi- and hyperspectral imagery of supervised (shallow or deep) convolutional networks is very challenging given the high input data dimensionality and the relatively small amount of available labeled data. Therefore, we propose the use of greedy layerwise unsupervised pretraining coupled with a highly efficient algorithm for unsupervised learning of sparse features. The algorithm is rooted on sparse representations and enforces both population and lifetime sparsity of the extracted features, simultaneously. We successfully illustrate the expressive power of the extracted representations in several scenarios: classification of aerial scenes, as well as land-use classification in very high resolution or land-cover classification from multi- and hyperspectral images. The proposed algorithm clearly outperforms standard principal component analysis (PCA) and its kernel counterpart (kPCA), as well as current state-of-the-art algorithms of aerial classification, while being extremely computationally efficient at learning representations of data. Results show that single-layer convolutional networks can extract powerful discriminative features only when the receptive field accounts for neighboring pixels and are preferred when the classification requires high resolution and detailed results. However, deep architectures significantly outperform single-layer variants, capturing increasing levels of abstraction and complexity throughout the feature hierarchy. |
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0196-2892 |
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LAMP; 600.079;MILAB |
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Admin @ si @ RGC2016 |
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2723 |
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