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Author Carlo Gatta; Oriol Pujol; O. Rodriguez-Leor; J. M. Ferre; Petia Radeva
Title Fast Rigid Registration of Vascular Structures in IVUS Sequences Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 13 Issue 6 Pages 106-1011
Keywords
Abstract Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) technology permits visualization of high-resolution images of internal vascular structures. IVUS is a unique image-guiding tool to display longitudinal view of the vessels, and estimate the length and size of vascular structures with the goal of accurate diagnosis. Unfortunately, due to pulsatile contraction and expansion of the heart, the captured images are affected by different motion artifacts that make visual inspection difficult. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm that aligns vascular structures and strongly reduces the saw-shaped oscillation, simplifying the inspection of longitudinal cuts; it reduces the motion artifacts caused by the displacement of the catheter in the short-axis plane and the catheter rotation due to vessel tortuosity. The algorithm prototype aligns 3.16 frames/s and clearly outperforms state-of-the-art methods with similar computational cost. The speed of the algorithm is crucial since it allows to inspect the corrected sequence during patient intervention. Moreover, we improved an indirect methodology for IVUS rigid registration algorithm evaluation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1089-7771 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ GPL2009 Serial 1250
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Author Fosca De Iorio; C. Malagelada; Fernando Azpiroz; M. Maluenda; C. Violanti; Laura Igual; Jordi Vitria; Juan R. Malagelada
Title Intestinal motor activity, endoluminal motion and transit Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Neurogastroenterology & Motility Abbreviated Journal NEUMOT
Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 1264–e119
Keywords
Abstract A programme for evaluation of intestinal motility has been recently developed based on endoluminal image analysis using computer vision methodology and machine learning techniques. Our aim was to determine the effect of intestinal muscle inhibition on wall motion, dynamics of luminal content and transit in the small bowel. Fourteen healthy subjects ingested the endoscopic capsule (Pillcam, Given Imaging) in fasting conditions. Seven of them received glucagon (4.8 microg kg(-1) bolus followed by a 9.6 microg kg(-1) h(-1) infusion during 1 h) and in the other seven, fasting activity was recorded, as controls. This dose of glucagon has previously shown to inhibit both tonic and phasic intestinal motor activity. Endoluminal image and displacement was analyzed by means of a computer vision programme specifically developed for the evaluation of muscular activity (contractile and non-contractile patterns), intestinal contents, endoluminal motion and transit. Thirty-minute periods before, during and after glucagon infusion were analyzed and compared with equivalent periods in controls. No differences were found in the parameters measured during the baseline (pretest) periods when comparing glucagon and control experiments. During glucagon infusion, there was a significant reduction in contractile activity (0.2 +/- 0.1 vs 4.2 +/- 0.9 luminal closures per min, P < 0.05; 0.4 +/- 0.1 vs 3.4 +/- 1.2% of images with radial wrinkles, P < 0.05) and a significant reduction of endoluminal motion (82 +/- 9 vs 21 +/- 10% of static images, P < 0.05). Endoluminal image analysis, by means of computer vision and machine learning techniques, can reliably detect reduced intestinal muscle activity and motion.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes OR;MILAB;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ DMA2009 Serial 1251
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Author Oriol Pujol; David Masip
Title Geometry-Based Ensembles: Toward a Structural Characterization of the Classification Boundary Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI
Volume 31 Issue 6 Pages 1140–1146
Keywords
Abstract This article introduces a novel binary discriminative learning technique based on the approximation of the non-linear decision boundary by a piece-wise linear smooth additive model. The decision border is geometrically defined by means of the characterizing boundary points – points that belong to the optimal boundary under a certain notion of robustness. Based on these points, a set of locally robust linear classifiers is defined and assembled by means of a Tikhonov regularized optimization procedure in an additive model to create a final lambda-smooth decision rule. As a result, a very simple and robust classifier with a strong geometrical meaning and non-linear behavior is obtained. The simplicity of the method allows its extension to cope with some of nowadays machine learning challenges, such as online learning, large scale learning or parallelization, with linear computational complexity. We validate our approach on the UCI database. Finally, we apply our technique in online and large scale scenarios, and in six real life computer vision and pattern recognition problems: gender recognition, intravascular ultrasound tissue classification, speed traffic sign detection, Chagas' disease severity detection, clef classification and action recognition using a 3D accelerometer data. The results are promising and this paper opens a line of research that deserves further attention
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes OR;HuPBA;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ PuM2009 Serial 1252
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Author Eduard Vazquez
Title Distribution Characterization using Topological Features. Application to Colour Image Processing Type Report
Year 2007 Publication CVC Technical Report # 107 Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Master's thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ Vaz2009 Serial 1254
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Author Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva
Title Intravascular Ultrasound Tissue Characterization with Sub-class Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Journal of Signal Processing Systems Abbreviated Journal
Volume 55 Issue 1-3 Pages 35–47
Keywords
Abstract Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) represents a powerful imaging technique to explore coronary vessels and to study their morphology and histologic properties. In this paper, we characterize different tissues based on radial frequency, texture-based, and combined features. To deal with the classification of multiple tissues, we require the use of robust multi-class learning techniques. In this sense, error-correcting output codes (ECOC) show to robustly combine binary classifiers to solve multi-class problems. In this context, we propose a strategy to model multi-class classification tasks using sub-classes information in the ECOC framework. The new strategy splits the classes into different sub-sets according to the applied base classifier. Complex IVUS data sets containing overlapping data are learnt by splitting the original set of classes into sub-classes, and embedding the binary problems in a problem-dependent ECOC design. The method automatically characterizes different tissues, showing performance improvements over the state-of-the-art ECOC techniques for different base classifiers. Furthermore, the combination of RF and texture-based features also shows improvements over the state-of-the-art approaches.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1939-8018 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPM2009 Serial 1258
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Author David Rotger
Title Analysis and Multi-Modal Fusion of coronary Images Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract The framework of this thesis is to study in detail different techniques and tools for medical image registration in order to ease the daily life of clinical experts in cardiology. The first aim of this thesis is providing computer tools for
fusing IVUS and angiogram data is of high clinical interest to help the physicians locate in IVUS data and decide which lesion is observed, how long it is, how far from a bifurcation or another lesions stays, etc. This thesis proves and
validates that we can segment the catheter path in angiographies using geodesic snakes (based on fast marching algorithm), a three-dimensional reconstruction of the catheter inspired in stereo vision and a new technique to fuse IVUS
and angiograms that establishes exact correspondences between them. We have developed a new workstation called iFusion that has four strong advantages: registration of IVUS and angiographic images with sub-pixel precision, it works on- and off-line, it is independent on the X-ray system and there is no need of daily calibration. The second aim of the thesis is devoted to developing a computer-aided analysis of IVUS for image-guided intervention. We have designed, implemented
and validated a robust algorithm for stent extraction and reconstruction from IVUS videos. We consider a very special and recent kind of stents, bioabsorbable stents that represent a great clinical challenge due to their property to be
absorbed by time and thus avoiding the “danger” of neostenosis as one of the main problems of metallic stents. We present a new and very promising algorithm based on an optimized cascade of multiple classifiers to automatically detect individual stent struts of a very novel bioabsorbable drug eluting coronary stent. This problem represents a very challenging target given the variability in contrast, shape and grey levels of the regions to be detected, what is
denoted by the high variability between the specialists (inter-observer variability of 0.14~$\pm$0.12). The obtained results of the automatic strut detection are within the inter-observer variability.
Address Barcelona (Espanya)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Petia Radeva
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ Rot2009 Serial 1261
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Author Xavier Baro
Title Probabilistic Darwin Machines: A New Approach to Develop Evolutionary Object Detection Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Ever since computers were invented, we have wondered whether they might perform some of the human quotidian tasks. One of the most studied and still nowadays less understood problem is the capacity to learn from our experiences and how we generalize the knowledge that we acquire. One of that unaware tasks for the persons and that more interest is awakening in different scientific areas since the beginning, is the one that is known as pattern recognition. The creation of models that represent the world that surrounds us, help us for recognizing objects in our environment, to predict situations, to identify behaviors... All this information allows us to adapt ourselves and to interact with our environment. The capacity of adaptation of individuals to their environment has been related to the amount of patterns that are capable of identifying.

This thesis faces the pattern recognition problem from a Computer Vision point of view, taking one of the most paradigmatic and extended approaches to object detection as starting point. After studying this approach, two weak points are identified: The first makes reference to the description of the objects, and the second is a limitation of the learning algorithm, which hampers the utilization of best descriptors.

In order to address the learning limitations, we introduce evolutionary computation techniques to the classical object detection approach.

After testing the classical evolutionary approaches, such as genetic algorithms, we develop a new learning algorithm based on Probabilistic Darwin Machines, which better adapts to the learning problem. Once the learning limitation is avoided, we introduce a new feature set, which maintains the benefits of the classical feature set, adding the ability to describe non localities. This combination of evolutionary learning algorithm and features is tested on different public data sets, outperforming the results obtained by the classical approach.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Jordi Vitria
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes OR;HuPBA;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ Bar2009 Serial 1262
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Author Agata Lapedriza
Title Multitask Learning Techniques for Automatic Face Classification Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Automatic face classification is currently a popular research area in Computer Vision. It involves several subproblems, such as subject recognition, gender classification or subject verification.

Current systems of automatic face classification need a large amount of training data to robustly learn a task. However, the collection of labeled data is usually a difficult issue. For this reason, the research on methods that are able to learn from a small sized training set is essential.

The dependency on the abundance of training data is not so evident in human learning processes. We are able to learn from a very small number of examples, given that we use, additionally, some prior knowledge to learn a new task. For example, we frequently find patterns and analogies from other domains to reuse them in new situations, or exploit training data from other experiences.

In computer science, Multitask Learning is a new Machine Learning approach that studies this idea of knowledge transfer among different tasks, to overcome the effects of the small sample sized problem.

This thesis explores, proposes and tests some Multitask Learning methods specially developed for face classification purposes. Moreover, it presents two more contributions dealing with the small sample sized problem, out of the Multitask Learning context. The first one is a method to extract external face features, to be used as an additional information source in automatic face classification problems. The second one is an empirical study on the most suitable face image resolution to perform automatic subject recognition.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Jordi Vitria;David Masip
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes OR;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ Lap2009 Serial 1263
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Author Marçal Rusiñol
Title Geometric and Structural-based Symbol Spotting. Application to Focused Retrieval in Graphic Document Collections Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Usually, pattern recognition systems consist of two main parts. On the one hand, the data acquisition and, on the other hand, the classification of this data on a certain category. In order to recognize which category a certain query element belongs to, a set of pattern models must be provided beforehand. An off-line learning stage is needed to train the classifier and to offer a robust classification of the patterns. Within the pattern recognition field, we are interested in the recognition of graphics and, in particular, on the analysis of documents rich in graphical information. In this context, one of the main concerns is to see if the proposed systems remain scalable with respect to the data volume so as it can handle growing amounts of symbol models. In order to avoid to work with a database of reference symbols, symbol spotting and on-the-fly symbol recognition methods have been introduced in the past years.

Generally speaking, the symbol spotting problem can be defined as the identification of a set of regions of interest from a document image which are likely to contain an instance of a certain queriedn symbol without explicitly applying the whole pattern recognition scheme. Our application framework consists on indexing a collection of graphic-rich document images. This collection is
queried by example with a single instance of the symbol to look for and, by means of symbol spotting methods we retrieve the regions of interest where the symbol is likely to appear within the documents. This kind of applications are known as focused retrieval methods.

In order that the focused retrieval application can handle large collections of documents there is a need to provide an efficient access to the large volume of information that might be stored. We use indexing strategies in order to efficiently retrieve by similarity the locations where a certain part of the symbol appears. In that scenario, graphical patterns should be used as indices for accessing and navigating the collection of documents.
These indexing mechanism allow the user to search for similar elements using graphical information rather than textual queries.

Along this thesis we present a spotting architecture and different methods aiming to build a complete focused retrieval application dealing with a graphic-rich document collections. In addition, a protocol to evaluate the performance of symbol
spotting systems in terms of recognition abilities, location accuracy and scalability is proposed.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Josep Llados
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes DAG Approved no
Call Number DAG @ dag @ Rus2009 Serial 1264
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Author Alicia Fornes
Title Writer Identification by a Combination of Graphical Features in the Framework of Old Handwritten Music Scores Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract The analysis and recognition of historical document images has attracted growing interest in the last years. Mass digitization and document image understanding allows the preservation, access and indexation of this artistic, cultural and technical heritage. The analysis of handwritten documents is an outstanding subfield. The main interest is not only the transcription of the document to a standard format, but also, the identification of the author of a document from a set of writers (namely writer identification).

Writer identification in handwritten text documents is an active area of study, however, the identification of the writer of graphical documents is still a challenge. The main objective of this thesis is the identification of the writer in old music scores, as an example of graphic documents. Concerning old music scores, many historical archives contain a huge number of sheets of musical compositions without information about the composer, and the research on this field could be helpful for musicologists.

The writer identification framework proposed in this thesis combines three different writer identification approaches, which are the main scientific contributions. The first one is based on symbol recognition methods. For this purpose, two novel symbol recognition methods are proposed for coping with the typical distortions in hand-drawn symbols. The second approach preprocesses the music score for obtaining music lines, and extracts information about the slant, width of the writing, connected components, contours and fractals. Finally, the third approach extracts global information by generating texture images from the music scores and extracting textural features (such as Gabor filters and co-occurence matrices).

The high identification rates obtained in the experimental results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed ensemble architecture. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first contribution on writer identification from images containing graphical languages.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Josep Llados;Gemma Sanchez
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Approved no
Call Number DAG @ dag @ For2009 Serial 1265
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Author Jose Antonio Rodriguez
Title Statistical frameworks and prior information modeling in handwritten word-spotting Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Handwritten word-spotting (HWS) is the pattern analysis task that consists in finding keywords in handwritten document images. So far, HWS has been applied mostly to historical documents in order to build search engines for such image collections. This thesis addresses the problem of word-spotting for detecting important keywords in business documents. This is a first step towards the process of automatic routing of correspondence based on content.

However, the application of traditional HWS techniques fails for this type of documents. As opposed to historical documents, real business documents present a very high variability in terms of writing styles, spontaneous writing, crossed-out words, spelling mistakes, etc. The main goal of this thesis is the development of pattern recognition techniques that lead to a high-performance HWS system for this challenging type of data.

We develop a statistical framework in which word models are expressed in terms of hidden Markov models and the a priori information is encoded in a universal vocabulary of Gaussian codewords. This systems leads to a very robust performance in word-spotting task. We also find that by constraining the word models to the universal vocabulary, the a priori information of the problem of interest can be exploited for developing new contributions. These include a novel writer adaptation method, a system for searching handwritten words by generating typed text images, and a novel model-based similarity between feature vector sequences.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Gemma Sanchez;Josep Llados;Florent Perronnin
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ Rod2009 Serial 1266
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Author Agnes Borras
Title Contributions to the Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Pictorial Queries Type Book Whole
Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract The broad access to digital cameras, personal computers and Internet, has lead to the generation of large volumes of data in digital form. If we want an effective usage of this huge amount of data, we need automatic tools to allow the retrieval of relevant information. Image data is a particular type of information that requires specific techniques of description and indexing. The computer vision field that studies these kind of techniques is called Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). Instead of using text-based descriptions, a system of CBIR deals on properties that are inherent in the images themselves. Hence, the feature-based description provides a universal via of image expression in contrast with the more than 6000 languages spoken in the world.
Nowadays, the CBIR is a dynamic focus of research that has derived in important applications for many professional groups. The potential fields of application can be such diverse as: the medical domain, the crime prevention, the protection of the intel- lectual property, the journalism, the graphic design, the web search, the preservation of cultural heritage, etc.
The definition on the role of the user is a key point in the development of a CBIR application. The user is in charge to formulate the queries from which the images are retrieved. We have centered our attention on the image retrieval techniques that use queries based on pictorial information. We have identified a taxonomy composed by four main query paradigms: query-by-selection, query-by-iconic-composition, query- by-sketch and query-by-paint. Each one of these paradigms allows a different degree of user expressivity. From a simple image selection, to a complete painting of the query, the user takes control of the input in the CBIR system.
Along the chapters of this thesis we have analyzed the influence that each query paradigm imposes in the internal operations of a CBIR system. Moreover, we have proposed a set of contributions that we have exemplified in the context of a final application.
Address Barcelona (Spain)
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Bellaterra Editor Josep Llados
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes DAG; Approved no
Call Number DAG @ dag @ Bor2009; IAM @ iam @ Bor2009 Serial 1269
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Author Daniel Ponsa; Antonio Lopez
Title Seguimiento Visual de Contornos Computerizado Type Miscellaneous
Year 2009 Publication UAB Divulga, Revista de divulgacion cientifica Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes spreading;ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ PoL2009b Serial 1270
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Author Ferran Diego; Daniel Ponsa; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez
Title Video alignment for automotive applications Type Miscellaneous
Year 2009 Publication BMVA one–day technical meeting on vision for automotive applications Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords video alignment
Abstract
Address London, UK
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ DPS2009 Serial 1271
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Author Jose Manuel Alvarez; Antonio Lopez
Title Model-based road detection using shadowless features and on-line learning Type Miscellaneous
Year 2009 Publication BMVA one–day technical meeting on vision for automotive applications Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords road detection
Abstract
Address London, UK
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference (up)
Notes ADAS Approved no
Call Number ADAS @ adas @ AlA2009 Serial 1272
Permanent link to this record