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| Author | Naila Murray; Maria Vanrell; Xavier Otazu; C. Alejandro Parraga | ||||
| Title | Saliency Estimation Using a Non-Parametric Low-Level Vision Model | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | IEEE conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 433-440 | ||
| Keywords | Gaussian mixture model;ad hoc parameter selection;center-surround inhibition windows;center-surround mechanism;color appearance model;convolution;eye-fixation data;human vision;innate spatial pooling mechanism;inverse wavelet transform;low-level visual front-end;nonparametric low-level vision model;saliency estimation;saliency map;scale integration;scale-weighted center-surround response;scale-weighting function;visual task;Gaussian processes;biology;biology computing;colour vision;computer vision;visual perception;wavelet transforms | ||||
| Abstract | Many successful models for predicting attention in a scene involve three main steps: convolution with a set of filters, a center-surround mechanism and spatial pooling to construct a saliency map. However, integrating spatial information and justifying the choice of various parameter values remain open problems. In this paper we show that an efficient model of color appearance in human vision, which contains a principled selection of parameters as well as an innate spatial pooling mechanism, can be generalized to obtain a saliency model that outperforms state-of-the-art models. Scale integration is achieved by an inverse wavelet transform over the set of scale-weighted center-surround responses. The scale-weighting function (termed ECSF) has been optimized to better replicate psychophysical data on color appearance, and the appropriate sizes of the center-surround inhibition windows have been determined by training a Gaussian Mixture Model on eye-fixation data, thus avoiding ad-hoc parameter selection. Additionally, we conclude that the extension of a color appearance model to saliency estimation adds to the evidence for a common low-level visual front-end for different visual tasks. | ||||
| Address | Colorado Springs | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1063-6919 | ISBN | 978-1-4577-0394-2 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | CVPR | ||
| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
Call Number  |
Admin @ si @ MVO2011 | Serial | 1757 | ||
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| Author | Helena Muñoz; Fernando Vilariño; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Eye-Movements During Information Extraction from Administrative Documents | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 6-9 | ||
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| Abstract | A key aspect of digital mailroom processes is the extraction of relevant information from administrative documents. More often than not, the extraction process cannot be fully automated, and there is instead an important amount of manual intervention. In this work we study the human process of information extraction from invoice document images. We explore whether the gaze of human annotators during an manual information extraction process could be exploited towards reducing the manual effort and automating the process. To this end, we perform an eye-tracking experiment replicating real-life interfaces for information extraction. Through this pilot study we demonstrate that relevant areas in the document can be identified reliably through automatic fixation classification, and the obtained models generalize well to new subjects. Our findings indicate that it is in principle possible to integrate the human in the document image analysis loop, making use of the scanpath to automate the extraction process or verify extracted information. | ||||
| Address | Sydney; Australia; September 2019 | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICDARW | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.140; 600.121; 600.129;SIAI | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MVK2019 | Serial | 3336 | ||
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| Author | Lasse Martensson; Ekta Vats; Anders Hast; Alicia Fornes | ||||
| Title | In Search of the Scribe: Letter Spotting as a Tool for Identifying Scribes in Large Handwritten Text Corpora | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal for Information Technology Studies as a Human Science | Abbreviated Journal | HUMAN IT |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 95-120 |
| Keywords | Scribal attribution/ writer identification; digital palaeography; word spotting; mediaeval charters; mediaeval manuscripts | ||||
| Abstract | In this article, a form of the so-called word spotting-method is used on a large set of handwritten documents in order to identify those that contain script of similar execution. The point of departure for the investigation is the mediaeval Swedish manuscript Cod. Holm. D 3. The main scribe of this manuscript has yet not been identified in other documents. The current attempt aims at localising other documents that display a large degree of similarity in the characteristics of the script, these being possible candidates for being executed by the same hand. For this purpose, the method of word spotting has been employed, focusing on individual letters, and therefore the process is referred to as letter spotting in the article. In this process, a set of ‘g’:s, ‘h’:s and ‘k’:s have been selected as templates, and then a search has been made for close matches among the mediaeval Swedish charters. The search resulted in a number of charters that displayed great similarities with the manuscript D 3. The used letter spotting method thus proofed to be a very efficient sorting tool localising similar script samples. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | DAG; 600.097; 600.140; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MVH2019 | Serial | 3234 | ||
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| Author | Naila Murray; Eduard Vazquez | ||||
| Title | Lacuna Restoration: How to choose a neutral colour? | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Proceedings of The CREATE 2010 Conference | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 248–252 | ||
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| Abstract | Painting restoration which involves filling in material loss (called lacuna) is a complex process. Several standard techniques exist to tackle lacuna restoration,
and this article focuses on those techniques that employ a “neutral” colour to mask the defect. Restoration experts often disagree on the choice of such a colour and in fact, the concept of a neutral colour is controversial. We posit that a neutral colour is one that attracts relatively little visual attention for a specific lacuna. We conducted an eye tracking experiment to compare two common neutral colour selection methods, specifically the most common local colour and the mean local colour. Results obtained demonstrate that the most common local colour triggers less visual attention in general. Notwithstanding, we have observed instances in which the most common colour triggers a significant amount of attention when subjects spent time resolving their confusion about whether or not a lacuna was part of the painting. |
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| Address | Gjovik, Norway | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | CREATE | ||
| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MuV2010 | Serial | 1297 | ||
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| Author | Naila Murray | ||||
| Title | Predicting Saliency and Aesthetics in Images: A Bottom-up Perspective | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | In Part 1 of the thesis, we hypothesize that salient and non-salient image regions can be estimated to be the regions which are enhanced or assimilated in standard low-level color image representations. We prove this hypothesis by adapting a low-level model of color perception into a saliency estimation model. This model shares the three main steps found in many successful models for predicting attention in a scene: convolution with a set of filters, a center-surround mechanism and spatial pooling to construct a saliency map. For such models, integrating spatial information and justifying the choice of various parameter values remain open problems. Our saliency model inherits a principled selection of parameters as well as an innate spatial pooling mechanism from the perception model on which it is based. This pooling mechanism has been fitted using psychophysical data acquired in color-luminance setting experiments. The proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art at the task of predicting eye-fixations from two datasets. After demonstrating the effectiveness of our basic saliency model, we introduce an improved image representation, based on geometrical grouplets, that enhances complex low-level visual features such as corners and terminations, and suppresses relatively simpler features such as edges. With this improved image representation, the performance of our saliency model in predicting eye-fixations increases for both datasets.
In Part 2 of the thesis, we investigate the problem of aesthetic visual analysis. While a great deal of research has been conducted on hand-crafting image descriptors for aesthetics, little attention so far has been dedicated to the collection, annotation and distribution of ground truth data. Because image aesthetics is complex and subjective, existing datasets, which have few images and few annotations, have significant limitations. To address these limitations, we have introduced a new large-scale database for conducting Aesthetic Visual Analysis, which we call AVA. AVA contains more than 250,000 images, along with a rich variety of annotations. We investigate how the wealth of data in AVA can be used to tackle the challenge of understanding and assessing visual aesthetics by looking into several problems relevant for aesthetic analysis. We demonstrate that by leveraging the data in AVA, and using generic low-level features such as SIFT and color histograms, we can exceed state-of-the-art performance in aesthetic quality prediction tasks. Finally, we entertain the hypothesis that low-level visual information in our saliency model can also be used to predict visual aesthetics by capturing local image characteristics such as feature contrast, grouping and isolation, characteristics thought to be related to universal aesthetic laws. We use the weighted center-surround responses that form the basis of our saliency model to create a feature vector that describes aesthetics. We also introduce a novel color space for fine-grained color representation. We then demonstrate that the resultant features achieve state-of-the-art performance on aesthetic quality classification. As such, a promising contribution of this thesis is to show that several vision experiences – low-level color perception, visual saliency and visual aesthetics estimation – may be successfully modeled using a unified framework. This suggests a similar architecture in area V1 for both color perception and saliency and adds evidence to the hypothesis that visual aesthetics appreciation is driven in part by low-level cues. |
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| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Xavier Otazu;Maria Vanrell | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Mur2012 | Serial | 2212 | ||
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| Author | Naila Murray | ||||
| Title | Perceptual Feature Detection | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | CVC Technical Report | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 131 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Corporate Author | Computer Vision Center | Thesis | Master's thesis | ||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Bellaterra, Barcelona | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Mur2009 | Serial | 2390 | ||
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| Author | Marc Masana; Tinne Tuytelaars; Joost Van de Weijer | ||||
| Title | Ternary Feature Masks: zero-forgetting for task-incremental learning | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | 34th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 3565-3574 | ||
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| Abstract | We propose an approach without any forgetting to continual learning for the task-aware regime, where at inference the task-label is known. By using ternary masks we can upgrade a model to new tasks, reusing knowledge from previous tasks while not forgetting anything about them. Using masks prevents both catastrophic forgetting and backward transfer. We argue -- and show experimentally -- that avoiding the former largely compensates for the lack of the latter, which is rarely observed in practice. In contrast to earlier works, our masks are applied to the features (activations) of each layer instead of the weights. This considerably reduces the number of mask parameters for each new task; with more than three orders of magnitude for most networks. The encoding of the ternary masks into two bits per feature creates very little overhead to the network, avoiding scalability issues. To allow already learned features to adapt to the current task without changing the behavior of these features for previous tasks, we introduce task-specific feature normalization. Extensive experiments on several finegrained datasets and ImageNet show that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art while reducing memory overhead in comparison to weight-based approaches. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; June 2021 | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | CVPRW | ||
| Notes | LAMP; 600.120 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTW2021 | Serial | 3565 | ||
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| Author | Marc Masana; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Joost Van de Weijer | ||||
| Title | On Class Orderings for Incremental Learning | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ICML Workshop on Continual Learning | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | The influence of class orderings in the evaluation of incremental learning has received very little attention. In this paper, we investigate the impact of class orderings for incrementally learned classifiers. We propose a method to compute various orderings for a dataset. The orderings are derived by simulated annealing optimization from the confusion matrix and reflect different incremental learning scenarios, including maximally and minimally confusing tasks. We evaluate a wide range of state-of-the-art incremental learning methods on the proposed orderings. Results show that orderings can have a significant impact on performance and the ranking of the methods. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; July 2020 | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICMLW | ||
| Notes | LAMP; 600.120 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTW2020 | Serial | 3505 | ||
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| Author | David Masip; Alexander Todorov; Jordi Vitria | ||||
| Title | The Role of Facial Regions in Evaluating Social Dime | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | 12th European Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops and Demonstrations | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 7584 | Issue | II | Pages | 210-219 |
| Keywords | Workshops and Demonstrations | ||||
| Abstract | Facial trait judgments are an important information cue for people. Recent works in the Psychology field have stated the basis of face evaluation, defining a set of traits that we evaluate from faces (e.g. dominance, trustworthiness, aggressiveness, attractiveness, threatening or intelligence among others). We rapidly infer information from others faces, usually after a short period of time (< 1000ms) we perceive a certain degree of dominance or trustworthiness of another person from the face. Although these perceptions are not necessarily accurate, they influence many important social outcomes (such as the results of the elections or the court decisions). This topic has also attracted the attention of Computer Vision scientists, and recently a computational model to automatically predict trait evaluations from faces has been proposed. These systems try to mimic the human perception by means of applying machine learning classifiers to a set of labeled data. In this paper we perform an experimental study on the specific facial features that trigger the social inferences. Using previous results from the literature, we propose to use simple similarity maps to evaluate which regions of the face influence the most the trait inferences. The correlation analysis is performed using only appearance, and the results from the experiments suggest that each trait is correlated with specific facial characteristics. | ||||
| Address | Florence, Italy | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | Andrea Fusiello, Vittorio Murino, Rita Cucchiara | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-33867-0 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | ECCVW | ||
| Notes | OR;MV | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTV2012 | Serial | 2171 | ||
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| Author | Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Joaquin Salas | ||||
| Title | A Social-Aware Assistant to support individuals with visual impairments during social interaction: A systematic requirements analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | International Journal of Human-Computer Studies | Abbreviated Journal | IJHC |
| Volume | 122 | Issue | Pages | 50-60 | |
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| Abstract | Visual impairment affects the normal course of activities in everyday life including mobility, education, employment, and social interaction. Most of the existing technical solutions devoted to empowering the visually impaired people are in the areas of navigation (obstacle avoidance), access to printed information and object recognition. Less effort has been dedicated so far in developing solutions to support social interactions. In this paper, we introduce a Social-Aware Assistant (SAA) that provides visually impaired people with cues to enhance their face-to-face conversations. The system consists of a perceptive component (represented by smartglasses with an embedded video camera) and a feedback component (represented by a haptic belt). When the vision system detects a head nodding, the belt vibrates, thus suggesting the user to replicate (mirror) the gesture. In our experiments, sighted persons interacted with blind people wearing the SAA. We instructed the former to mirror the noddings according to the vibratory signal, while the latter interacted naturally. After the face-to-face conversation, the participants had an interview to express their experience regarding the use of this new technological assistant. With the data collected during the experiment, we have assessed quantitatively and qualitatively the device usefulness and user satisfaction. | ||||
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| Notes | LAMP; 600.109; 600.120 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTR2019 | Serial | 3142 | ||
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| Author | Maria Elena Meza-de-Luna; Juan Ramon Terven Salinas; Bogdan Raducanu; Joaquin Salas | ||||
| Title | Assessing the Influence of Mirroring on the Perception of Professional Competence using Wearable Technology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing | Abbreviated Journal | TAC |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 161-175 |
| Keywords | Mirroring; Nodding; Competence; Perception; Wearable Technology | ||||
| Abstract | Nonverbal communication is an intrinsic part in daily face-to-face meetings. A frequently observed behavior during social interactions is mirroring, in which one person tends to mimic the attitude of the counterpart. This paper shows that a computer vision system could be used to predict the perception of competence in dyadic interactions through the automatic detection of mirroring
events. To prove our hypothesis, we developed: (1) A social assistant for mirroring detection, using a wearable device which includes a video camera and (2) an automatic classifier for the perception of competence, using the number of nodding gestures and mirroring events as predictors. For our study, we used a mixed-method approach in an experimental design where 48 participants acting as customers interacted with a confederated psychologist. We found that the number of nods or mirroring events has a significant influence on the perception of competence. Our results suggest that: (1) Customer mirroring is a better predictor than psychologist mirroring; (2) the number of psychologist’s nods is a better predictor than the number of customer’s nods; (3) except for the psychologist mirroring, the computer vision algorithm we used worked about equally well whether it was acquiring images from wearable smartglasses or fixed cameras. |
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| Notes | LAMP; 600.072; | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTR2016 | Serial | 2826 | ||
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| Author | Martin Menchon; Estefania Talavera; Jose M. Massa; Petia Radeva | ||||
| Title | Behavioural Pattern Discovery from Collections of Egocentric Photo-Streams | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | ECCV Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 12538 | Issue | Pages | 469-484 | |
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| Abstract | The automatic discovery of behaviour is of high importance when aiming to assess and improve the quality of life of people. Egocentric images offer a rich and objective description of the daily life of the camera wearer. This work proposes a new method to identify a person’s patterns of behaviour from collected egocentric photo-streams. Our model characterizes time-frames based on the context (place, activities and environment objects) that define the images composition. Based on the similarity among the time-frames that describe the collected days for a user, we propose a new unsupervised greedy method to discover the behavioural pattern set based on a novel semantic clustering approach. Moreover, we present a new score metric to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. We validate our method on 104 days and more than 100k images extracted from 7 users. Results show that behavioural patterns can be discovered to characterize the routine of individuals and consequently their lifestyle. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; August 2020 | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | LNCS | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ECCVW | ||
| Notes | MILAB; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTM2020 | Serial | 3528 | ||
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| Author | Minesh Mathew; Ruben Tito; Dimosthenis Karatzas; R.Manmatha; C.V. Jawahar | ||||
| Title | Document Visual Question Answering Challenge 2020 | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | 33rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition – Short paper | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | This paper presents results of Document Visual Question Answering Challenge organized as part of “Text and Documents in the Deep Learning Era” workshop, in CVPR 2020. The challenge introduces a new problem – Visual Question Answering on document images. The challenge comprised two tasks. The first task concerns with asking questions on a single document image. On the other hand, the second task is set as a retrieval task where the question is posed over a collection of images. For the task 1 a new dataset is introduced comprising 50,000 questions-answer(s) pairs defined over 12,767 document images. For task 2 another dataset has been created comprising 20 questions over 14,362 document images which share the same document template. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | CVPR | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MTK2020 | Serial | 3558 | ||
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| Author | Andres Mafla; Ruben Tito; Sounak Dey; Lluis Gomez; Marçal Rusiñol; Ernest Valveny; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Real-time Lexicon-free Scene Text Retrieval | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 110 | Issue | Pages | 107656 | |
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| Abstract | In this work, we address the task of scene text retrieval: given a text query, the system returns all images containing the queried text. The proposed model uses a single shot CNN architecture that predicts bounding boxes and builds a compact representation of spotted words. In this way, this problem can be modeled as a nearest neighbor search of the textual representation of a query over the outputs of the CNN collected from the totality of an image database. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms previous state-of-the-art, while offering a significant increase in processing speed and unmatched expressiveness with samples never seen at training time. Several experiments to assess the generalization capability of the model are conducted in a multilingual dataset, as well as an application of real-time text spotting in videos. | ||||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.129; 601.338 | Approved | no | ||
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Admin @ si @ MTD2021 | Serial | 3493 | ||
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| Author | Angel Morera; Angel Sanchez; Angel Sappa; Jose F. Velez | ||||
| Title | Robust Detection of Outdoor Urban Advertising Panels in Static Images | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | 18th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 246-256 | ||
| Keywords | Object detection; Urban ads panels; Deep learning; Single Shot Detector (SSD) architecture; Intersection over Union (IoU) metric; Augmented Reality | ||||
| Abstract | One interesting publicity application for Smart City environments is recognizing brand information contained in urban advertising panels. For such a purpose, a previous stage is to accurately detect and locate the position of these panels in images. This work presents an effective solution to this problem using a Single Shot Detector (SSD) based on a deep neural network architecture that minimizes the number of false detections under multiple variable conditions regarding the panels and the scene. Achieved experimental results using the Intersection over Union (IoU) accuracy metric make this proposal applicable in real complex urban images. | ||||
| Address | Aquila; Italia; June 2019 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | PAAMS | ||
| Notes | MSIAU; 600.130; 600.122 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Admin @ si @ MSS2019 | Serial | 3270 | ||
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