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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title Separability of Ternary Codes for Sparse Designs of Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL
Volume 30 Issue 3 Pages 285–297
Keywords
Abstract Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) represent a successful framework to deal with multi-class categorization problems based on combining binary classifiers. In this paper, we present a new formulation of the ternary ECOC distance and the error-correcting capabilities in the ternary ECOC framework. Based on the new measure, we stress on how to design coding matrices preventing codification ambiguity and propose a new Sparse Random coding matrix with ternary distance maximization. The results on the UCI Repository and in a real speed traffic categorization problem show that when the coding design satisfies the new ternary measures, significant performance improvement is obtained independently of the decoding strategy applied.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2009a Serial 1153
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title Recoding Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Conference Article
Year 2009 Publication 8th International Workshop of Multiple Classifier Systems Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5519 Issue Pages 11–21
Keywords
Abstract One of the most widely applied techniques to deal with multi- class categorization problems is the pairwise voting procedure. Recently, this classical approach has been embedded in the Error-Correcting Output Codes framework (ECOC). This framework is based on a coding step, where a set of binary problems are learnt and coded in a matrix, and a decoding step, where a new sample is tested and classified according to a comparison with the positions of the coded matrix. In this paper, we present a novel approach to redefine without retraining, in a problem-dependent way, the one-versus-one coding matrix so that the new coded information increases the generalization capability of the system. Moreover, the final classification can be tuned with the inclusion of a weighting matrix in the decoding step. The approach has been validated over several UCI Machine Learning repository data sets and two real multi-class problems: traffic sign and face categorization. The results show that performance improvements are obtained when comparing the new approach to one of the best ECOC designs (one-versus-one). Furthermore, the novel methodology obtains at least the same performance than the one-versus-one ECOC design.
Address Reykjavik (Iceland)
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-02325-5 Medium
Area Expedition Conference MCS
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2009d Serial 1190
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title Traffic sign recognition system with β -correction Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Machine Vision and Applications Abbreviated Journal MVA
Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 99–111
Keywords
Abstract Traffic sign classification represents a classical application of multi-object recognition processing in uncontrolled adverse environments. Lack of visibility, illumination changes, and partial occlusions are just a few problems. In this paper, we introduce a novel system for multi-class classification of traffic signs based on error correcting output codes (ECOC). ECOC is based on an ensemble of binary classifiers that are trained on bi-partition of classes. We classify a wide set of traffic signs types using robust error correcting codings. Moreover, we introduce the novel β-correction decoding strategy that outperforms the state-of-the-art decoding techniques, classifying a high number of classes with great success.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer-Verlag Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0932-8092 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HUPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010a Serial 1276
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title On the Decoding Process in Ternary Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication IEEE on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI
Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 120–134
Keywords
Abstract A common way to model multiclass classification problems is to design a set of binary classifiers and to combine them. Error-correcting output codes (ECOC) represent a successful framework to deal with these type of problems. Recent works in the ECOC framework showed significant performance improvements by means of new problem-dependent designs based on the ternary ECOC framework. The ternary framework contains a larger set of binary problems because of the use of a ldquodo not carerdquo symbol that allows us to ignore some classes by a given classifier. However, there are no proper studies that analyze the effect of the new symbol at the decoding step. In this paper, we present a taxonomy that embeds all binary and ternary ECOC decoding strategies into four groups. We show that the zero symbol introduces two kinds of biases that require redefinition of the decoding design. A new type of decoding measure is proposed, and two novel decoding strategies are defined. We evaluate the state-of-the-art coding and decoding strategies over a set of UCI machine learning repository data sets and into a real traffic sign categorization problem. The experimental results show that, following the new decoding strategies, the performance of the ECOC design is significantly improved.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0162-8828 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HUPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010b Serial 1277
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title Error-Correcting Output Codes Library Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Journal of Machine Learning Research Abbreviated Journal JMLR
Volume 11 Issue Pages 661-664
Keywords
Abstract (Feb):661−664
In this paper, we present an open source Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) library. The ECOC framework is a powerful tool to deal with multi-class categorization problems. This library contains both state-of-the-art coding (one-versus-one, one-versus-all, dense random, sparse random, DECOC, forest-ECOC, and ECOC-ONE) and decoding designs (hamming, euclidean, inverse hamming, laplacian, β-density, attenuated, loss-based, probabilistic kernel-based, and loss-weighted) with the parameters defined by the authors, as well as the option to include your own coding, decoding, and base classifier.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1532-4435 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HUPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010c Serial 1286
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
Title Re-coding ECOCs without retraining Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Pattern Recognition Letters Abbreviated Journal PRL
Volume 31 Issue 7 Pages 555–562
Keywords
Abstract A standard way to deal with multi-class categorization problems is by the combination of binary classifiers in a pairwise voting procedure. Recently, this classical approach has been formalized in the Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) framework. In the ECOC framework, the one-versus-one coding demonstrates to achieve higher performance than the rest of coding designs. The binary problems that we train in the one-versus-one strategy are significantly smaller than in the rest of designs, and usually easier to be learnt, taking into account the smaller overlapping between classes. However, a high percentage of the positions coded by zero of the coding matrix, which implies a high sparseness degree, does not codify meta-class membership information. In this paper, we show that using the training data we can redefine without re-training, in a problem-dependent way, the one-versus-one coding matrix so that the new coded information helps the system to increase its generalization capability. Moreover, the new re-coding strategy is generalized to be applied over any binary code. The results over several UCI Machine Learning repository data sets and two real multi-class problems show that performance improvements can be obtained re-coding the classical one-versus-one and Sparse random designs compared to different state-of-the-art ECOC configurations.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HUPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2010e Serial 1338
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva
Title IVUS Tissue Characterization with Sub-class Error-correcting Output Codes Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, 2008. CVPR Workshops 2008. IEEE Computer Society Conference on, pp. 1–8, 23–28 juny 2008. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) represents a powerful imaging technique to explore coronary vessels and to study their morphology and histologic properties. In this paper, we characterize different tissues based on Radio Frequency, texture-based, slope-based, and combined features. To deal with the classification of multiple tissues, we require the use of robust multi-class learning techniques. In this context, we propose a strategy to model multi-class classification tasks using sub-classes information in the ECOC framework. The new strategy splits the classes into different subsets according to the applied base classifier. Complex IVUS data sets containing overlapping data are learnt by splitting the original set of classes into sub-classes, and embedding the binary problems in a problem-dependent ECOC design. The method automatically characterizes different tissues, showing performance improvements over the state-of-the-art ECOC techniques for different base classifiers and feature sets.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference CVPR
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPM2008 Serial 1041
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva
Title Intravascular Ultrasound Tissue Characterization with Sub-class Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Journal of Signal Processing Systems Abbreviated Journal
Volume 55 Issue 1-3 Pages 35–47
Keywords
Abstract Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) represents a powerful imaging technique to explore coronary vessels and to study their morphology and histologic properties. In this paper, we characterize different tissues based on radial frequency, texture-based, and combined features. To deal with the classification of multiple tissues, we require the use of robust multi-class learning techniques. In this sense, error-correcting output codes (ECOC) show to robustly combine binary classifiers to solve multi-class problems. In this context, we propose a strategy to model multi-class classification tasks using sub-classes information in the ECOC framework. The new strategy splits the classes into different sub-sets according to the applied base classifier. Complex IVUS data sets containing overlapping data are learnt by splitting the original set of classes into sub-classes, and embedding the binary problems in a problem-dependent ECOC design. The method automatically characterizes different tissues, showing performance improvements over the state-of-the-art ECOC techniques for different base classifiers. Furthermore, the combination of RF and texture-based features also shows improvements over the state-of-the-art approaches.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1939-8018 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPM2009 Serial 1258
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Eric Laciar; Jordi Vitria; Esther Pueyo; Petia Radeva
Title Coronary Damage Classification of Patients with the Chagas Disease with Error-Correcting Output Codes Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Intelligent Systems, 4th International IEEE Conference, 6–8 setembre 2008. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 2 Issue Pages 12–17
Keywords
Abstract The Chagaspsila disease is endemic in all Latin America, affecting millions of people in the continent. In order to diagnose and treat the Chagaspsila disease, it is important to detect and measure the coronary damage of the patient. In this paper, we analyze and categorize patients into different groups based on the coronary damage produced by the disease. Based on the features of the heart cycle extracted using high resolution ECG, a multi-class scheme of error-correcting output codes (ECOC) is formulated and successfully applied. The results show that the proposed scheme obtains significant performance improvements compared to previous works and state-of-the-art ECOC designs.
Address Varna (Bulgaria)
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference IS’08
Notes MILAB; OR;HuPBA;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPL2008 Serial 1042
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Eric Laciar; Jordi Vitria; Esther Pueyo; Petia Radeva
Title Classification of Coronary Damage in Chronic Chagasic Patients Type Book Chapter
Year 2010 Publication Intelligent Systems – From Theory to Practice. Studies in Computational Intelligence Abbreviated Journal
Volume 299 Issue Pages 461-478
Keywords Chagas disease; Error-Correcting Output Codes; High resolution ECG; Decoding
Abstract Post Conference IEEE-IS 2008
The Chagas’ disease is endemic in all Latin America, affecting millions of people in the continent. In order to diagnose and treat the chagas’ disease, it is important to detect and measure the coronary damage of the patient. In this paper,
we analyze and categorize patients into different groups based on the coronary damage produced by the disease. Based on the features of the heart cycle extracted using high resolution ECG, a multi-class scheme of Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC)is formulated and successfully applied. The results show that the proposed scheme obtains significant performance improvements compared to previous works and state-of-the-art ECOC designs.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer-Verlag Place of Publication Editor V. Sgurev, M. Hadjiski (eds)
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes OR;MILAB;HUPBA;MV Approved no
Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPL2010 Serial 1452
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Mercedes Torres-Torres; Brais Martinez; Xavier Baro; Hugo Jair Escalante; Isabelle Guyon; Georgios Tzimiropoulos; Ciprian Corneanu; Marc Oliu Simón; Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Michel Valstar
Title ChaLearn Looking at People and Faces of the World: Face AnalysisWorkshop and Challenge 2016 Type Conference Article
Year 2016 Publication 29th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract We present the 2016 ChaLearn Looking at People and Faces of the World Challenge and Workshop, which ran three competitions on the common theme of face analysis from still images. The first one, Looking at People, addressed age estimation, while the second and third competitions, Faces of the World, addressed accessory classification and smile and gender classification, respectively. We present two crowd-sourcing methodologies used to collect manual annotations. A custom-build application was used to collect and label data about the apparent age of people (as opposed to the real age). For the Faces of the World data, the citizen-science Zooniverse platform was used. This paper summarizes the three challenges and the data used, as well as the results achieved by the participants of the competitions. Details of the ChaLearn LAP FotW competitions can be found at http://gesture.chalearn.org.
Address Las Vegas; USA; June 2016
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference CVPRW
Notes HuPBA;MV; Approved no
Call Number ETM2016 Serial 2849
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Marti Soler; Stephane Ayache; Umut Guçlu; Jun Wan; Meysam Madadi; Xavier Baro; Hugo Jair Escalante; Isabelle Guyon
Title ChaLearn Looking at People: Inpainting and Denoising Challenges Type Book Chapter
Year 2019 Publication The Springer Series on Challenges in Machine Learning Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 23-44
Keywords
Abstract Dealing with incomplete information is a well studied problem in the context of machine learning and computational intelligence. However, in the context of computer vision, the problem has only been studied in specific scenarios (e.g., certain types of occlusions in specific types of images), although it is common to have incomplete information in visual data. This chapter describes the design of an academic competition focusing on inpainting of images and video sequences that was part of the competition program of WCCI2018 and had a satellite event collocated with ECCV2018. The ChaLearn Looking at People Inpainting Challenge aimed at advancing the state of the art on visual inpainting by promoting the development of methods for recovering missing and occluded information from images and video. Three tracks were proposed in which visual inpainting might be helpful but still challenging: human body pose estimation, text overlays removal and fingerprint denoising. This chapter describes the design of the challenge, which includes the release of three novel datasets, and the description of evaluation metrics, baselines and evaluation protocol. The results of the challenge are analyzed and discussed in detail and conclusions derived from this event are outlined.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes HuPBA; no proj Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ ESA2019 Serial 3327
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Markus Weimer; Mikhail Burtsev; Valentin Malykh; Varvara Logacheva; Ryan Lowe; Iulian Vlad Serban; Yoshua Bengio; Alexander Rudnicky; Alan W. Black; Shrimai Prabhumoye; Łukasz Kidzinski; Mohanty Sharada; Carmichael Ong; Jennifer Hicks; Sergey Levine; Marcel Salathe; Scott Delp; Iker Huerga; Alexander Grigorenko; Leifur Thorbergsson; Anasuya Das; Kyla Nemitz; Jenna Sandker; Stephen King; Alexander S. Ecker; Leon A. Gatys; Matthias Bethge; Jordan Boyd Graber; Shi Feng; Pedro Rodriguez; Mohit Iyyer; He He; Hal Daume III; Sean McGregor; Amir Banifatemi; Alexey Kurakin; Ian Goodfellow; Samy Bengio
Title Introduction to NIPS 2017 Competition Track Type Book Chapter
Year 2018 Publication The NIPS ’17 Competition: Building Intelligent Systems Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-23
Keywords
Abstract Competitions have become a popular tool in the data science community to solve hard problems, assess the state of the art and spur new research directions. Companies like Kaggle and open source platforms like Codalab connect people with data and a data science problem to those with the skills and means to solve it. Hence, the question arises: What, if anything, could NIPS add to this rich ecosystem?

In 2017, we embarked to find out. We attracted 23 potential competitions, of which we selected five to be NIPS 2017 competitions. Our final selection features competitions advancing the state of the art in other sciences such as “Classifying Clinically Actionable Genetic Mutations” and “Learning to Run”. Others, like “The Conversational Intelligence Challenge” and “Adversarial Attacks and Defences” generated new data sets that we expect to impact the progress in their respective communities for years to come. And “Human-Computer Question Answering Competition” showed us just how far we as a field have come in ability and efficiency since the break-through performance of Watson in Jeopardy. Two additional competitions, DeepArt and AI XPRIZE Milestions, were also associated to the NIPS 2017 competition track, whose results are also presented within this chapter.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor Sergio Escalera; Markus Weimer
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-3-319-94042-7 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes HUPBA; no proj Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ EWB2018 Serial 3200
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Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Junior Fabian; Pablo Pardo; Xavier Baro; Jordi Gonzalez; Hugo Jair Escalante; Marc Oliu; Dusan Misevic; Ulrich Steiner; Isabelle Guyon
Title ChaLearn Looking at People 2015: Apparent Age and Cultural Event Recognition Datasets and Results Type Conference Article
Year 2015 Publication 16th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 243 - 251
Keywords
Abstract Following previous series on Looking at People (LAP) competitions [14, 13, 11, 12, 2], in 2015 ChaLearn ran two new competitions within the field of Looking at People: (1) age estimation, and (2) cultural event recognition, both in
still images. We developed a crowd-sourcing application to collect and label data about the apparent age of people (as opposed to the real age). In terms of cultural event recognition, one hundred categories had to be recognized. These
tasks involved scene understanding and human body analysis. This paper summarizes both challenges and data, as well as the results achieved by the participants of the competition.
Address Santiago de Chile; December 2015
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference ICCVW
Notes ISE; 600.063; 600.078;MV Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ EFP2015 Serial 2704
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Sergio Escalera; Josep Moya; Laura Igual; Veronica Violant; Maria Teresa Anguera
Title Automatic Human Behavior Analysis in ADHD Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication Eunethydis 2nd International ADHD Conference Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Poster
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference EUNETHYDIS
Notes MILAB;HuPBA Approved no
Call Number Admin @ si @ EMI2012a Serial 2058
Permanent link to this record