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	Author	Sergio Escalera; R. M. Martinez; Jordi Vitria; Petia Radeva; Maria Teresa Anguera
	Title	Dominance Detection in Face-to-face Conversations			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	2nd IEEE Workshop on CVPR for Human communicative Behavior analysis	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	97–102
	Keywords
	Abstract	Dominance is referred to the level of influence a person has in a conversation. Dominance is an important research area in social psychology, but the problem of its automatic estimation is a very recent topic in the contexts of social and wearable computing. In this paper, we focus on dominance detection from visual cues. We estimate the correlation among observers by categorizing the dominant people in a set of face-to-face conversations. Different dominance indicators from gestural communication are defined, manually annotated, and compared to the observers opinion. Moreover, the considered indicators are automatically extracted from video sequences and learnt by using binary classifiers. Results from the three analysis shows a high correlation and allows the categorization of dominant people in public discussion video sequences.
	Address	Miami, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2160-7508	ISBN	978-1-4244-3994-2	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CVPR
	Notes	HuPBA; OR; MILAB;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EMV2009			Serial	1227
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Petia Radeva; Oriol Pujol
	Title	Complex Salient Regions for Computer Vision Problems			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2007	Publication	IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop on	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Minneapolis (USA)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CVPR
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ ERP2007			Serial	908
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria; Xavier Baro; Bogdan Raducanu
	Title	Modelling and Analyzing Multimodal Dyadic Interactions Using Social Networks			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2010	Publication	12th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces and 7th Workshop on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Social interaction; Multimodal fusion, Influence model; Social network analysis
	Abstract	Social network analysis became a common technique used to model and quantify the properties of social interactions. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework to explore the characteristics of a social network extracted from multimodal dyadic interactions. First, speech detection is performed through an audio/visual fusion scheme based on stacked sequential learning. In the audio domain, speech is detected through clusterization of audio features. Clusters are modelled by means of an One-state Hidden Markov Model containing a diagonal covariance Gaussian Mixture Model. In the visual domain, speech detection is performed through differential-based feature extraction from the segmented mouth region, and a dynamic programming matching procedure. Second, in order to model the dyadic interactions, we employed the Influence Model whose states encode the previous integrated audio/visual data. Third, the social network is extracted based on the estimated influences. For our study, we used a set of videos belonging to New York Times’ Blogging Heads opinion blog. The results are reported both in terms of accuracy of the audio/visual data fusion and centrality measures used to characterize the social network.
	Address	Beijing (China)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICMI-MLI
	Notes	OR;MILAB;HUPBA;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ ERV2010			Serial	1427
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria
	Title	Measuring Interest of Human Dyadic Interactions			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	12th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	202	Issue		Pages	45-54
	Keywords
	Abstract	In this paper, we argue that only using behavioural motion information, we are able to predict the interest of observers when looking at face-to-face interactions. We propose a set of movement-related features from body, face, and mouth activity in order to define a set of higher level interaction features, such as stress, activity, speaking engagement, and corporal engagement. Error-Correcting Output Codes framework with an Adaboost base classifier is used to learn to rank the perceived observer's interest in face-to-face interactions. The automatic system shows good correlation between the automatic categorization results and the manual ranking made by the observers. In particular, the learning system shows that stress features have a high predictive power for ranking interest of observers when looking at of face-to-face interactions.
	Address	Cardona (Spain)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-60750-061-2	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CCIA
	Notes	OR;MILAB;HuPBA;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2009b			Serial	1182
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
	Title	Traffic Sign Classification using Error Correcting Techniques			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2007	Publication	2nd International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	281–285
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Barcelona (Spain)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	VISAPP
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2007a			Serial	909
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
	Title	Loss-Weighted Decoding for Error-Correcting Output Coding			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	3rd International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications,	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	117–122
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address	Madeira (Portugal)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	VISAPP
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2008a			Serial	964
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva
	Title	Recoding Error-Correcting Output Codes			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2009	Publication	8th International Workshop of Multiple Classifier Systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5519	Issue		Pages	11–21
	Keywords
	Abstract	One of the most widely applied techniques to deal with multi- class categorization problems is the pairwise voting procedure. Recently, this classical approach has been embedded in the Error-Correcting Output Codes framework (ECOC). This framework is based on a coding step, where a set of binary problems are learnt and coded in a matrix, and a decoding step, where a new sample is tested and classified according to a comparison with the positions of the coded matrix. In this paper, we present a novel approach to redefine without retraining, in a problem-dependent way, the one-versus-one coding matrix so that the new coded information increases the generalization capability of the system. Moreover, the final classification can be tuned with the inclusion of a weighting matrix in the decoding step. The approach has been validated over several UCI Machine Learning repository data sets and two real multi-class problems: traffic sign and face categorization. The results show that performance improvements are obtained when comparing the new approach to one of the best ECOC designs (one-versus-one). Furthermore, the novel methodology obtains at least the same performance than the one-versus-one ECOC design.
	Address	Reykjavik (Iceland)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0302-9743	ISBN	978-3-642-02325-5	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	MCS
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPR2009d			Serial	1190
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; J. Mauri; Petia Radeva
	Title	IVUS Tissue Characterization with Sub-class Error-correcting Output Codes			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, 2008. CVPR Workshops 2008. IEEE Computer Society Conference on, pp. 1–8, 23–28 juny 2008.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) represents a powerful imaging technique to explore coronary vessels and to study their morphology and histologic properties. In this paper, we characterize different tissues based on Radio Frequency, texture-based, slope-based, and combined features. To deal with the classification of multiple tissues, we require the use of robust multi-class learning techniques. In this context, we propose a strategy to model multi-class classification tasks using sub-classes information in the ECOC framework. The new strategy splits the classes into different subsets according to the applied base classifier. Complex IVUS data sets containing overlapping data are learnt by splitting the original set of classes into sub-classes, and embedding the binary problems in a problem-dependent ECOC design. The method automatically characterizes different tissues, showing performance improvements over the state-of-the-art ECOC techniques for different base classifiers and feature sets.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CVPR
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPM2008			Serial	1041
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Oriol Pujol; Eric Laciar; Jordi Vitria; Esther Pueyo; Petia Radeva
	Title	Coronary Damage Classification of Patients with the Chagas Disease with Error-Correcting Output Codes			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	Intelligent Systems, 4th International IEEE Conference, 6–8 setembre 2008.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	2	Issue		Pages	12–17
	Keywords
	Abstract	The Chagaspsila disease is endemic in all Latin America, affecting millions of people in the continent. In order to diagnose and treat the Chagaspsila disease, it is important to detect and measure the coronary damage of the patient. In this paper, we analyze and categorize patients into different groups based on the coronary damage produced by the disease. Based on the features of the heart cycle extracted using high resolution ECG, a multi-class scheme of error-correcting output codes (ECOC) is formulated and successfully applied. The results show that the proposed scheme obtains significant performance improvements compared to previous works and state-of-the-art ECOC designs.
	Address	Varna (Bulgaria)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IS’08
	Notes	MILAB; OR;HuPBA;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EPL2008			Serial	1042
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Mercedes Torres-Torres; Brais Martinez; Xavier Baro; Hugo Jair Escalante; Isabelle Guyon; Georgios Tzimiropoulos; Ciprian Corneanu; Marc Oliu Simón; Mohammad Ali Bagheri; Michel Valstar
	Title	ChaLearn Looking at People and Faces of the World: Face AnalysisWorkshop and Challenge 2016			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2016	Publication	29th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	We present the 2016 ChaLearn Looking at People and Faces of the World Challenge and Workshop, which ran three competitions on the common theme of face analysis from still images. The first one, Looking at People, addressed age estimation, while the second and third competitions, Faces of the World, addressed accessory classification and smile and gender classification, respectively. We present two crowd-sourcing methodologies used to collect manual annotations. A custom-build application was used to collect and label data about the apparent age of people (as opposed to the real age). For the Faces of the World data, the citizen-science Zooniverse platform was used. This paper summarizes the three challenges and the data used, as well as the results achieved by the participants of the competitions. Details of the ChaLearn LAP FotW competitions can be found at http://gesture.chalearn.org.
	Address	Las Vegas; USA; June 2016
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	CVPRW
	Notes	HuPBA;MV;			Approved	no
	Call Number	ETM2016			Serial	2849
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Junior Fabian; Pablo Pardo; Xavier Baro; Jordi Gonzalez; Hugo Jair Escalante; Marc Oliu; Dusan Misevic; Ulrich Steiner; Isabelle Guyon
	Title	ChaLearn Looking at People 2015: Apparent Age and Cultural Event Recognition Datasets and Results			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	16th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	243 - 251
	Keywords
	Abstract	Following previous series on Looking at People (LAP) competitions [14, 13, 11, 12, 2], in 2015 ChaLearn ran two new competitions within the field of Looking at People: (1) age estimation, and (2) cultural event recognition, both in still images. We developed a crowd-sourcing application to collect and label data about the apparent age of people (as opposed to the real age). In terms of cultural event recognition, one hundred categories had to be recognized. These tasks involved scene understanding and human body analysis. This paper summarizes both challenges and data, as well as the results achieved by the participants of the competition.
	Address	Santiago de Chile; December 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICCVW
	Notes	ISE; 600.063; 600.078;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EFP2015			Serial	2704
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Josep Moya; Laura Igual; Veronica Violant; Maria Teresa Anguera
	Title	Automatic Human Behavior Analysis in ADHD			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	Eunethydis 2nd International ADHD Conference	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Poster
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	EUNETHYDIS
	Notes	MILAB;HuPBA			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EMI2012a			Serial	2058
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Josep Moya; Laura Igual; Veronica Violant; Maria Teresa Anguera
	Title	Análisis Comportamental Automatizado de TDAH: la Influencia de la Variable Motivación			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2012	Publication	IPSI – Cosmocaixa, Jornadas "Empremtes del present, efectes en la psicoanàlisi, la cultura i la societat	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Poster
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IPSI
	Notes	MILAB; HuPBA; OR			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EMI2012b			Serial	2065
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Baro; Pablo Pardo; Junior Fabian; Marc Oliu; Hugo Jair Escalante; Ivan Huerta; Isabelle Guyon
	Title	ChaLearn Looking at People 2015 new competitions: Age Estimation and Cultural Event Recognition			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2015	Publication	IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IJCNN2015	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-8
	Keywords
	Abstract	Following previous series on Looking at People (LAP) challenges [1], [2], [3], in 2015 ChaLearn runs two new competitions within the field of Looking at People: age and cultural event recognition in still images. We propose thefirst crowdsourcing application to collect and label data about apparent age of people instead of the real age. In terms of cultural event recognition, tens of categories have to be recognized. This involves scene understanding and human analysis. This paper summarizes both challenges and data, providing some initial baselines. The results of the first round of the competition were presented at ChaLearn LAP 2015 IJCNN special session on computer vision and robotics http://www.dtic.ua.es/∼jgarcia/IJCNN2015. Details of the ChaLearn LAP competitions can be found at http://gesture.chalearn.org/.
	Address	Killarney; Ireland; July 2015
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	IJCNN
	Notes	HuPBA; ISE; 600.063; 600.078;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EGB2015			Serial	2591
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	Author	Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Baro; Miguel Reyes; Oscar Lopes; Isabelle Guyon; V. Athitsos; Hugo Jair Escalante
	Title	Multi-modal Gesture Recognition Challenge 2013: Dataset and Results			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2013	Publication	15th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	445-452
	Keywords
	Abstract	The recognition of continuous natural gestures is a complex and challenging problem due to the multi-modal nature of involved visual cues (e.g. fingers and lips movements, subtle facial expressions, body pose, etc.), as well as technical limitations such as spatial and temporal resolution and unreliable depth cues. In order to promote the research advance on this field, we organized a challenge on multi-modal gesture recognition. We made available a large video database of 13; 858 gestures from a lexicon of 20 Italian gesture categories recorded with a KinectTM camera, providing the audio, skeletal model, user mask, RGB and depth images. The focus of the challenge was on user independent multiple gesture learning. There are no resting positions and the gestures are performed in continuous sequences lasting 1-2 minutes, containing between 8 and 20 gesture instances in each sequence. As a result, the dataset contains around 1:720:800 frames. In addition to the 20 main gesture categories, ‘distracter’ gestures are included, meaning that additional audio and gestures out of the vocabulary are included. The final evaluation of the challenge was defined in terms of the Levenshtein edit distance, where the goal was to indicate the real order of gestures within the sequence. 54 international teams participated in the challenge, and outstanding results were obtained by the first ranked participants.
	Address	Sidney; Australia; December 2013
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-4503-2129-7	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	ICMI
	Notes	HUPBA; ISE; 600.063;MV			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ EGB2013			Serial	2373
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