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| Author | Zhijie Fang; Antonio Lopez | ||||
| Title | Intention Recognition of Pedestrians and Cyclists by 2D Pose Estimation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems | Abbreviated Journal | TITS |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 4773 - 4783 |
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| Abstract | Anticipating the intentions of vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians and cyclists is critical for performing safe and comfortable driving maneuvers. This is the case for human driving and, thus, should be taken into account by systems providing any level of driving assistance, from advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS) to fully autonomous vehicles (AVs). In this paper, we show how the latest advances on monocular vision-based human pose estimation, i.e. those relying on deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), enable to recognize the intentions of such VRUs. In the case of cyclists, we assume that they follow traffic rules to indicate future maneuvers with arm signals. In the case of pedestrians, no indications can be assumed. Instead, we hypothesize that the walking pattern of a pedestrian allows to determine if he/she has the intention of crossing the road in the path of the ego-vehicle, so that the ego-vehicle must maneuver accordingly (e.g. slowing down or stopping). In this paper, we show how the same methodology can be used for recognizing pedestrians and cyclists' intentions. For pedestrians, we perform experiments on the JAAD dataset. For cyclists, we did not found an analogous dataset, thus, we created our own one by acquiring and annotating videos which we share with the research community. Overall, the proposed pipeline provides new state-of-the-art results on the intention recognition of VRUs. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.118 | Approved  |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ FaL2019 | Serial | 3305 | ||
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| Author | Akhil Gurram; Onay Urfalioglu; Ibrahim Halfaoui; Fahd Bouzaraa; Antonio Lopez | ||||
| Title | Semantic Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Artificial Intelligence | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine | Abbreviated Journal | ITSM |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 99-103 |
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| Abstract | Depth estimation provides essential information to perform autonomous driving and driver assistance. A promising line of work consists of introducing additional semantic information about the traffic scene when training CNNs for depth estimation. In practice, this means that the depth data used for CNN training is complemented with images having pixel-wise semantic labels where the same raw training data is associated with both types of ground truth, i.e., depth and semantic labels. The main contribution of this paper is to show that this hard constraint can be circumvented, i.e., that we can train CNNs for depth estimation by leveraging the depth and semantic information coming from heterogeneous datasets. In order to illustrate the benefits of our approach, we combine KITTI depth and Cityscapes semantic segmentation datasets, outperforming state-of-the-art results on monocular depth estimation. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.124; 600.118 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GUH2019 | Serial | 3306 | ||
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| Author | Debora Gil; Antonio Esteban Lansaque; Agnes Borras; Carles Sanchez | ||||
| Title | Enhancing virtual bronchoscopy with intra-operative data using a multi-objective GAN | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery | Abbreviated Journal | IJCAR |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 1 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | This manuscript has been withdrawn by bioRxiv due to upload of an incorrect version of the manuscript by the authors. Therefore, this manuscript should not be cited as reference for this project. | ||||
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| Notes | IAM; 600.139; 600.145 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GEB2019 | Serial | 3307 | ||
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| Author | David Berga; C. Wloka; JK. Tsotsos | ||||
| Title | Modeling task influences for saccade sequence and visual relevance prediction | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal of Vision | Abbreviated Journal | JV |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 106c-106c |
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| Abstract | Previous work from Wloka et al. (2017) presented the Selective Tuning Attentive Reference model Fixation Controller (STAR-FC), an active vision model for saccade prediction. Although the model is able to efficiently predict saccades during free-viewing, it is well known that stimulus and task instructions can strongly affect eye movement patterns (Yarbus, 1967). These factors are considered in previous Selective Tuning architectures (Tsotsos and Kruijne, 2014)(Tsotsos, Kotseruba and Wloka, 2016)(Rosenfeld, Biparva & Tsotsos 2017), proposing a way to combine bottom-up and top-down contributions to fixation and saccade programming. In particular, task priming has been shown to be crucial to the deployment of eye movements, involving interactions between brain areas related to goal-directed behavior, working and long-term memory in combination with stimulus-driven eye movement neuronal correlates. Initial theories and models of these influences include (Rao, Zelinsky, Hayhoe and Ballard, 2002)(Navalpakkam and Itti, 2005)(Huang and Pashler, 2007) and show distinct ways to process the task requirements in combination with bottom-up attention. In this study we extend the STAR-FC with novel computational definitions of Long-Term Memory, Visual Task Executive and a Task Relevance Map. With these modules we are able to use textual instructions in order to guide the model to attend to specific categories of objects and/or places in the scene. We have designed our memory model by processing a hierarchy of visual features learned from salient object detection datasets. The relationship between the executive task instructions and the memory representations has been specified using a tree of semantic similarities between the learned features and the object category labels. Results reveal that by using this model, the resulting relevance maps and predicted saccades have a higher probability to fall inside the salient regions depending on the distinct task instructions. | ||||
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| Notes | NEUROBIT; 600.128; 600.120 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BWT2019 | Serial | 3308 | ||
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| Author | David Berga; Xavier Otazu; Xose R. Fernandez-Vidal; Victor Leboran; Xose M. Pardo | ||||
| Title | Generating Synthetic Images for Visual Attention Modeling | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Perception | Abbreviated Journal | PER |
| Volume | 48 | Issue | Pages | 99 | |
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| Notes | NEUROBIT; no menciona | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BOF2019 | Serial | 3309 | ||
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| Author | Ivet Rafegas; Maria Vanrell; Luis A Alexandre; G. Arias | ||||
| Title | Understanding trained CNNs by indexing neuron selectivity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Pattern Recognition Letters | Abbreviated Journal | PRL |
| Volume | 136 | Issue | Pages | 318-325 | |
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| Abstract | The impressive performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) when solving different vision problems is shadowed by their black-box nature and our consequent lack of understanding of the representations they build and how these representations are organized. To help understanding these issues, we propose to describe the activity of individual neurons by their Neuron Feature visualization and quantify their inherent selectivity with two specific properties. We explore selectivity indexes for: an image feature (color); and an image label (class membership). Our contribution is a framework to seek or classify neurons by indexing on these selectivity properties. It helps to find color selective neurons, such as a red-mushroom neuron in layer Conv4 or class selective neurons such as dog-face neurons in layer Conv5 in VGG-M, and establishes a methodology to derive other selectivity properties. Indexing on neuron selectivity can statistically draw how features and classes are represented through layers in a moment when the size of trained nets is growing and automatic tools to index neurons can be helpful. | ||||
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| Notes | CIC; 600.087; 600.140; 600.118 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RVL2019 | Serial | 3310 | ||
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| Author | Hassan Ahmed Sial; Ramon Baldrich; Maria Vanrell | ||||
| Title | Deep intrinsic decomposition trained on surreal scenes yet with realistic light effects | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of the Optical Society of America A | Abbreviated Journal | JOSA A |
| Volume | 37 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1-15 |
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| Abstract | Estimation of intrinsic images still remains a challenging task due to weaknesses of ground-truth datasets, which either are too small or present non-realistic issues. On the other hand, end-to-end deep learning architectures start to achieve interesting results that we believe could be improved if important physical hints were not ignored. In this work, we present a twofold framework: (a) a flexible generation of images overcoming some classical dataset problems such as larger size jointly with coherent lighting appearance; and (b) a flexible architecture tying physical properties through intrinsic losses. Our proposal is versatile, presents low computation time, and achieves state-of-the-art results. | ||||
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| Notes | CIC; 600.140; 600.12; 600.118 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SBV2019 | Serial | 3311 | ||
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| Author | Ricardo Dario Perez Principi; Cristina Palmero; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | On the Effect of Observed Subject Biases in Apparent Personality Analysis from Audio-visual Signals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing | Abbreviated Journal | TAC |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 607-621 |
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| Abstract | Personality perception is implicitly biased due to many subjective factors, such as cultural, social, contextual, gender and appearance. Approaches developed for automatic personality perception are not expected to predict the real personality of the target, but the personality external observers attributed to it. Hence, they have to deal with human bias, inherently transferred to the training data. However, bias analysis in personality computing is an almost unexplored area. In this work, we study different possible sources of bias affecting personality perception, including emotions from facial expressions, attractiveness, age, gender, and ethnicity, as well as their influence on prediction ability for apparent personality estimation. To this end, we propose a multi-modal deep neural network that combines raw audio and visual information alongside predictions of attribute-specific models to regress apparent personality. We also analyse spatio-temporal aggregation schemes and the effect of different time intervals on first impressions. We base our study on the ChaLearn First Impressions dataset, consisting of one-person conversational videos. Our model shows state-of-the-art results regressing apparent personality based on the Big-Five model. Furthermore, given the interpretability nature of our network design, we provide an incremental analysis on the impact of each possible source of bias on final network predictions. | ||||
| Address | 1 July-Sept. 2021 | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ PPJ2019 | Serial | 3312 | ||
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| Author | Mohammad Naser Sabet; Pau Buch Cardona; Egils Avots; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | Privacy-Constrained Biometric System for Non-cooperative Users | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Entropy | Abbreviated Journal | ENTROPY |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 1033 |
| Keywords | biometric recognition; multimodal-based human identification; privacy; deep learning | ||||
| Abstract | With the consolidation of the new data protection regulation paradigm for each individual within the European Union (EU), major biometric technologies are now confronted with many concerns related to user privacy in biometric deployments. When individual biometrics are disclosed, the sensitive information about his/her personal data such as financial or health are at high risk of being misused or compromised. This issue can be escalated considerably over scenarios of non-cooperative users, such as elderly people residing in care homes, with their inability to interact conveniently and securely with the biometric system. The primary goal of this study is to design a novel database to investigate the problem of automatic people recognition under privacy constraints. To do so, the collected data-set contains the subject’s hand and foot traits and excludes the face biometrics of individuals in order to protect their privacy. We carried out extensive simulations using different baseline methods, including deep learning. Simulation results show that, with the spatial features extracted from the subject sequence in both individual hand or foot videos, state-of-the-art deep models provide promising recognition performance. | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ NBA2019 | Serial | 3313 | ||
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| Author | Wenlong Deng; Yongli Mou; Takahiro Kashiwa; Sergio Escalera; Kohei Nagai; Kotaro Nakayama; Yutaka Matsuo; Helmut Prendinger | ||||
| Title | Vision based Pixel-level Bridge Structural Damage Detection Using a Link ASPP Network | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Automation in Construction | Abbreviated Journal | AC |
| Volume | 110 | Issue | Pages | 102973 | |
| Keywords | Semantic image segmentation; Deep learning | ||||
| Abstract | Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has greatly benefited from computer vision. Recently, deep learning approaches are widely used to accurately estimate the state of deterioration of infrastructure. In this work, we focus on the problem of bridge surface structural damage detection, such as delamination and rebar exposure. It is well known that the quality of a deep learning model is highly dependent on the quality of the training dataset. Bridge damage detection, our application domain, has the following main challenges: (i) labeling the damages requires knowledgeable civil engineering professionals, which makes it difficult to collect a large annotated dataset; (ii) the damage area could be very small, whereas the background area is large, which creates an unbalanced training environment; (iii) due to the difficulty to exactly determine the extension of the damage, there is often a variation among different labelers who perform pixel-wise labeling. In this paper, we propose a novel model for bridge structural damage detection to address the first two challenges. This paper follows the idea of an atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module that is designed as a novel network for bridge damage detection. Further, we introduce the weight balanced Intersection over Union (IoU) loss function to achieve accurate segmentation on a highly unbalanced small dataset. The experimental results show that (i) the IoU loss function improves the overall performance of damage detection, as compared to cross entropy loss or focal loss, and (ii) the proposed model has a better ability to detect a minority class than other light segmentation networks. | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ DMK2020 | Serial | 3314 | ||
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| Author | Juanjo Rubio; Takahiro Kashiwa; Teera Laiteerapong; Wenlong Deng; Kohei Nagai; Sergio Escalera; Kotaro Nakayama; Yutaka Matsuo; Helmut Prendinger | ||||
| Title | Multi-class structural damage segmentation using fully convolutional networks | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Computers in Industry | Abbreviated Journal | COMPUTIND |
| Volume | 112 | Issue | Pages | 103121 | |
| Keywords | Bridge damage detection; Deep learning; Semantic segmentation | ||||
| Abstract | Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has benefited from computer vision and more recently, Deep Learning approaches, to accurately estimate the state of deterioration of infrastructure. In our work, we test Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) with a dataset of deck areas of bridges for damage segmentation. We create a dataset for delamination and rebar exposure that has been collected from inspection records of bridges in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. The dataset consists of 734 images with three labels per image, which makes it the largest dataset of images of bridge deck damage. This data allows us to estimate the performance of our method based on regions of agreement, which emulates the uncertainty of in-field inspections. We demonstrate the practicality of FCNs to perform automated semantic segmentation of surface damages. Our model achieves a mean accuracy of 89.7% for delamination and 78.4% for rebar exposure, and a weighted F1 score of 81.9%. | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RKL2019 | Serial | 3315 | ||
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| Author | Egils Avots; Meysam Madadi; Sergio Escalera; Jordi Gonzalez; Xavier Baro; Paul Pallin; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | From 2D to 3D geodesic-based garment matching | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Multimedia Tools and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MTAP |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | 18 | Pages | 25829–25853 |
| Keywords | Shape matching; Geodesic distance; Texture mapping; RGBD image processing; Gaussian mixture model | ||||
| Abstract | A new approach for 2D to 3D garment retexturing is proposed based on Gaussian mixture models and thin plate splines (TPS). An automatically segmented garment of an individual is matched to a new source garment and rendered, resulting in augmented images in which the target garment has been retextured using the texture of the source garment. We divide the problem into garment boundary matching based on Gaussian mixture models and then interpolate inner points using surface topology extracted through geodesic paths, which leads to a more realistic result than standard approaches. We evaluated and compared our system quantitatively by root mean square error (RMS) and qualitatively using the mean opinion score (MOS), showing the benefits of the proposed methodology on our gathered dataset. | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; ISE; 600.098; 600.119; 602.133 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ AME2019 | Serial | 3317 | ||
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| Author | Andre Litvin; Kamal Nasrollahi; Sergio Escalera; Cagri Ozcinar; Thomas B. Moeslund; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | A Novel Deep Network Architecture for Reconstructing RGB Facial Images from Thermal for Face Recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Multimedia Tools and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MTAP |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | 18 | Pages | 25259–25271 |
| Keywords | Fully convolutional networks; FusionNet; Thermal imaging; Face recognition | ||||
| Abstract | This work proposes a fully convolutional network architecture for RGB face image generation from a given input thermal face image to be applied in face recognition scenarios. The proposed method is based on the FusionNet architecture and increases robustness against overfitting using dropout after bridge connections, randomised leaky ReLUs (RReLUs), and orthogonal regularization. Furthermore, we propose to use a decoding block with resize convolution instead of transposed convolution to improve final RGB face image generation. To validate our proposed network architecture, we train a face classifier and compare its face recognition rate on the reconstructed RGB images from the proposed architecture, to those when reconstructing images with the original FusionNet, as well as when using the original RGB images. As a result, we are introducing a new architecture which leads to a more accurate network. | ||||
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| Notes | HuPBA; no menciona | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LNE2019 | Serial | 3318 | ||
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| Author | Ikechukwu Ofodile; Ahmed Helmi; Albert Clapes; Egils Avots; Kerttu Maria Peensoo; Sandhra Mirella Valdma; Andreas Valdmann; Heli Valtna Lukner; Sergey Omelkov; Sergio Escalera; Cagri Ozcinar; Gholamreza Anbarjafari | ||||
| Title | Action recognition using single-pixel time-of-flight detection | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Entropy | Abbreviated Journal | ENTROPY |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 414 |
| Keywords | single pixel single photon image acquisition; time-of-flight; action recognition | ||||
| Abstract | Action recognition is a challenging task that plays an important role in many robotic systems, which highly depend on visual input feeds. However, due to privacy concerns, it is important to find a method which can recognise actions without using visual feed. In this paper, we propose a concept for detecting actions while preserving the test subject’s privacy. Our proposed method relies only on recording the temporal evolution of light pulses scattered back from the scene.
Such data trace to record one action contains a sequence of one-dimensional arrays of voltage values acquired by a single-pixel detector at 1 GHz repetition rate. Information about both the distance to the object and its shape are embedded in the traces. We apply machine learning in the form of recurrent neural networks for data analysis and demonstrate successful action recognition. The experimental results show that our proposed method could achieve on average 96.47% accuracy on the actions walking forward, walking backwards, sitting down, standing up and waving hand, using recurrent neural network. |
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| Notes | HuPBA; no proj | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ OHC2019 | Serial | 3319 | ||
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| Author | Parichehr Behjati Ardakani; Pau Rodriguez; Armin Mehri; Isabelle Hupont; Carles Fernandez; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | OverNet: Lightweight Multi-Scale Super-Resolution with Overscaling Network | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 2693-2702 | ||
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| Abstract | Super-resolution (SR) has achieved great success due to the development of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, as the depth and width of the networks increase, CNN-based SR methods have been faced with the challenge of computational complexity in practice. More- over, most SR methods train a dedicated model for each target resolution, losing generality and increasing memory requirements. To address these limitations we introduce OverNet, a deep but lightweight convolutional network to solve SISR at arbitrary scale factors with a single model. We make the following contributions: first, we introduce a lightweight feature extractor that enforces efficient reuse of information through a novel recursive structure of skip and dense connections. Second, to maximize the performance of the feature extractor, we propose a model agnostic reconstruction module that generates accurate high-resolution images from overscaled feature maps obtained from any SR architecture. Third, we introduce a multi-scale loss function to achieve generalization across scales. Experiments show that our proposal outperforms previous state-of-the-art approaches in standard benchmarks, while maintaining relatively low computation and memory requirements. | ||||
| Address | Virtual; January 2021 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | WACV | ||
| Notes | ISE; 600.119; 600.098 | Approved |
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| Call Number | Admin @ si @ BRM2021 | Serial | 3512 | ||
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