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| Author | Hannes Mueller; Andre Groger; Jonathan Hersh; Andrea Matranga; Joan Serrat | ||||
| Title | Monitoring War Destruction from Space: A Machine Learning Approach | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Arxiv | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Existing data on building destruction in conflict zones rely on eyewitness reports or manual detection, which makes it generally scarce, incomplete and potentially biased. This lack of reliable data imposes severe limitations for media reporting, humanitarian relief efforts, human rights monitoring, reconstruction initiatives, and academic studies of violent conflict. This article introduces an automated method of measuring destruction in high-resolution satellite images using deep learning techniques combined with data augmentation to expand training samples. We apply this method to the Syrian civil war and reconstruct the evolution of damage in major cities across the country. The approach allows generating destruction data with unprecedented scope, resolution, and frequency – only limited by the available satellite imagery – which can alleviate data limitations decisively. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS; 600.118 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MGH2020 | Serial | 3489 | ||
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| Author | Yi Xiao; Felipe Codevilla; Akhil Gurram; Onay Urfalioglu; Antonio Lopez | ||||
| Title | Multimodal end-to-end autonomous driving | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems | Abbreviated Journal | TITS |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-11 | ||
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| Abstract | A crucial component of an autonomous vehicle (AV) is the artificial intelligence (AI) is able to drive towards a desired destination. Today, there are different paradigms addressing the development of AI drivers. On the one hand, we find modular pipelines, which divide the driving task into sub-tasks such as perception and maneuver planning and control. On the other hand, we find end-to-end driving approaches that try to learn a direct mapping from input raw sensor data to vehicle control signals. The later are relatively less studied, but are gaining popularity since they are less demanding in terms of sensor data annotation. This paper focuses on end-to-end autonomous driving. So far, most proposals relying on this paradigm assume RGB images as input sensor data. However, AVs will not be equipped only with cameras, but also with active sensors providing accurate depth information (e.g., LiDARs). Accordingly, this paper analyses whether combining RGB and depth modalities, i.e. using RGBD data, produces better end-to-end AI drivers than relying on a single modality. We consider multimodality based on early, mid and late fusion schemes, both in multisensory and single-sensor (monocular depth estimation) settings. Using the CARLA simulator and conditional imitation learning (CIL), we show how, indeed, early fusion multimodality outperforms single-modality. | ||||
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| Notes | ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ XCG2020 | Serial | 3490 | ||
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| Author | Andres Mafla; Ruben Tito; Sounak Dey; Lluis Gomez; Marçal Rusiñol; Ernest Valveny; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Real-time Lexicon-free Scene Text Retrieval | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | PR |
| Volume | 110 | Issue | Pages | 107656 | |
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| Abstract | In this work, we address the task of scene text retrieval: given a text query, the system returns all images containing the queried text. The proposed model uses a single shot CNN architecture that predicts bounding boxes and builds a compact representation of spotted words. In this way, this problem can be modeled as a nearest neighbor search of the textual representation of a query over the outputs of the CNN collected from the totality of an image database. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms previous state-of-the-art, while offering a significant increase in processing speed and unmatched expressiveness with samples never seen at training time. Several experiments to assess the generalization capability of the model are conducted in a multilingual dataset, as well as an application of real-time text spotting in videos. | ||||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.129; 601.338 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ MTD2021 | Serial | 3493 | ||
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| Author | Lluis Gomez; Anguelos Nicolaou; Marçal Rusiñol; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | 12 years of ICDAR Robust Reading Competitions: The evolution of reading systems for unconstrained text understanding | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Visual Text Interpretation – Algorithms and Applications in Scene Understanding and Document Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | K. Alahari; C.V. Jawahar | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Series on Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | GNR2020 | Serial | 3494 | ||
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| Author | Lluis Gomez; Dena Bazazian; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | Historical review of scene text detection research | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Visual Text Interpretation – Algorithms and Applications in Scene Understanding and Document Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | K. Alahari; C.V. Jawahar | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Series on Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GBK2020 | Serial | 3495 | ||
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| Author | Jon Almazan; Lluis Gomez; Suman Ghosh; Ernest Valveny; Dimosthenis Karatzas | ||||
| Title | WATTS: A common representation of word images and strings using embedded attributes for text recognition and retrieval | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Visual Text Interpretation – Algorithms and Applications in Scene Understanding and Document Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | Analysis”, K. Alahari; C.V. Jawahar | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Series on Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ AGG2020 | Serial | 3496 | ||
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| Author | Raul Gomez; Yahui Liu; Marco de Nadai; Dimosthenis Karatzas; Bruno Lepri; Nicu Sebe | ||||
| Title | Retrieval Guided Unsupervised Multi-domain Image to Image Translation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Image to image translation aims to learn a mapping that transforms an image from one visual domain to another. Recent works assume that images descriptors can be disentangled into a domain-invariant content representation and a domain-specific style representation. Thus, translation models seek to preserve the content of source images while changing the style to a target visual domain. However, synthesizing new images is extremely challenging especially in multi-domain translations, as the network has to compose content and style to generate reliable and diverse images in multiple domains. In this paper we propose the use of an image retrieval system to assist the image-to-image translation task. First, we train an image-to-image translation model to map images to multiple domains. Then, we train an image retrieval model using real and generated images to find images similar to a query one in content but in a different domain. Finally, we exploit the image retrieval system to fine-tune the image-to-image translation model and generate higher quality images. Our experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed solution and highlight the contribution of the retrieval network, which can benefit from additional unlabeled data and help image-to-image translation models in the presence of scarce data. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ACM | ||
| Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ GLN2020 | Serial | 3497 | ||
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| Author | Zhengying Liu; Zhen Xu; Shangeth Rajaa; Meysam Madadi; Julio C. S. Jacques Junior; Sergio Escalera; Adrien Pavao; Sebastien Treguer; Wei-Wei Tu; Isabelle Guyon | ||||
| Title | Towards Automated Deep Learning: Analysis of the AutoDL challenge series 2019 | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Proceedings of Machine Learning Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 123 | Issue | Pages | 242-252 | |
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| Abstract | We present the design and results of recent competitions in Automated Deep Learning (AutoDL). In the AutoDL challenge series 2019, we organized 5 machine learning challenges: AutoCV, AutoCV2, AutoNLP, AutoSpeech and AutoDL. The first 4 challenges concern each a specific application domain, such as computer vision, natural language processing and speech recognition. At the time of March 2020, the last challenge AutoDL is still on-going and we only present its design. Some highlights of this work include: (1) a benchmark suite of baseline AutoML solutions, with emphasis on domains for which Deep Learning methods have had prior success (image, video, text, speech, etc); (2) a novel any-time learning framework, which opens doors for further theoretical consideration; (3) a repository of around 100 datasets (from all above domains) over half of which are released as public datasets to enable research on meta-learning; (4) analyses revealing that winning solutions generalize to new unseen datasets, validating progress towards universal AutoML solution; (5) open-sourcing of the challenge platform, the starting kit, the dataset formatting toolkit, and all winning solutions (All information available at {autodl.chalearn.org}). | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | NEURIPS | ||
| Notes | HUPBA | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LXR2020 | Serial | 3500 | ||
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| Author | Aymen Azaza; Joost Van de Weijer; Ali Douik; Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Marc Masana | ||||
| Title | Saliency from High-Level Semantic Image Features | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | SN Computer Science | Abbreviated Journal | SN |
| Volume | 1 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-12 |
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| Abstract | Top-down semantic information is known to play an important role in assigning saliency. Recently, large strides have been made in improving state-of-the-art semantic image understanding in the fields of object detection and semantic segmentation. Therefore, since these methods have now reached a high-level of maturity, evaluation of the impact of high-level image understanding on saliency estimation is now feasible. We propose several saliency features which are computed from object detection and semantic segmentation results. We combine these features with a standard baseline method for saliency detection to evaluate their importance. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed features derived from object detection and semantic segmentation improve saliency estimation significantly. Moreover, they show that our method obtains state-of-the-art results on (FT, ImgSal, and SOD datasets) and obtains competitive results on four other datasets (ECSSD, PASCAL-S, MSRA-B, and HKU-IS). | ||||
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| Notes | LAMP; 600.120; 600.109; 600.106 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ AWD2020 | Serial | 3503 | ||
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| Author | Rahma Kalboussi; Aymen Azaza; Joost Van de Weijer; Mehrez Abdellaoui; Ali Douik | ||||
| Title | Object proposals for salient object segmentation in videos | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Multimedia Tools and Applications | Abbreviated Journal | MTAP |
| Volume | 79 | Issue | 13 | Pages | 8677-8693 |
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| Abstract | Salient object segmentation in videos is generally broken up in a video segmentation part and a saliency assignment part. Recently, object proposals, which are used to segment the image, have had significant impact on many computer vision applications, including image segmentation, object detection, and recently saliency detection in still images. However, their usage has not yet been evaluated for salient object segmentation in videos. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the application of object proposals to salient object segmentation in videos. In addition, we propose a new motion feature derived from the optical flow structure tensor for video saliency detection. Experiments on two standard benchmark datasets for video saliency show that the proposed motion feature improves saliency estimation results, and that object proposals are an efficient method for salient object segmentation. Results on the challenging SegTrack v2 and Fukuchi benchmark data sets show that we significantly outperform the state-of-the-art. | ||||
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| Notes | LAMP; 600.120 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | KAW2020 | Serial | 3504 | ||
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| Author | Diana Ramirez Cifuentes; Ana Freire; Ricardo Baeza Yates; Joaquim Punti Vidal; Pilar Medina Bravo; Diego Velazquez; Josep M. Gonfaus; Jordi Gonzalez | ||||
| Title | Detection of Suicidal Ideation on Social Media: Multimodal, Relational, and Behavioral Analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Medical Internet Research | Abbreviated Journal | JMIR |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 7 | Pages | e17758 |
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| Abstract | Background:
Suicide risk assessment usually involves an interaction between doctors and patients. However, a significant number of people with mental disorders receive no treatment for their condition due to the limited access to mental health care facilities; the reduced availability of clinicians; the lack of awareness; and stigma, neglect, and discrimination surrounding mental disorders. In contrast, internet access and social media usage have increased significantly, providing experts and patients with a means of communication that may contribute to the development of methods to detect mental health issues among social media users. Objective: This paper aimed to describe an approach for the suicide risk assessment of Spanish-speaking users on social media. We aimed to explore behavioral, relational, and multimodal data extracted from multiple social platforms and develop machine learning models to detect users at risk. Methods: We characterized users based on their writings, posting patterns, relations with other users, and images posted. We also evaluated statistical and deep learning approaches to handle multimodal data for the detection of users with signs of suicidal ideation (suicidal ideation risk group). Our methods were evaluated over a dataset of 252 users annotated by clinicians. To evaluate the performance of our models, we distinguished 2 control groups: users who make use of suicide-related vocabulary (focused control group) and generic random users (generic control group). Results: We identified significant statistical differences between the textual and behavioral attributes of each of the control groups compared with the suicidal ideation risk group. At a 95% CI, when comparing the suicidal ideation risk group and the focused control group, the number of friends (P=.04) and median tweet length (P=.04) were significantly different. The median number of friends for a focused control user (median 578.5) was higher than that for a user at risk (median 372.0). Similarly, the median tweet length was higher for focused control users, with 16 words against 13 words of suicidal ideation risk users. Our findings also show that the combination of textual, visual, relational, and behavioral data outperforms the accuracy of using each modality separately. We defined text-based baseline models based on bag of words and word embeddings, which were outperformed by our models, obtaining an increase in accuracy of up to 8% when distinguishing users at risk from both types of control users. Conclusions: The types of attributes analyzed are significant for detecting users at risk, and their combination outperforms the results provided by generic, exclusively text-based baseline models. After evaluating the contribution of image-based predictive models, we believe that our results can be improved by enhancing the models based on textual and relational features. These methods can be extended and applied to different use cases related to other mental disorders. |
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| Notes | ISE; 600.098; 600.119 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RFB2020 | Serial | 3552 | ||
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| Author | Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Asma Bensalah; Jialuo Chen; Alicia Fornes; Michelle Waldispühl | ||||
| Title | A User Perspective on HTR methods for the Automatic Transcription of Rare Scripts: The Case of Codex Runicus Just Accepted | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2023 | Publication | ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage | Abbreviated Journal | JOCCH |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-18 |
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| Abstract | Recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning and Document Image Analysis and Recognition have significantly eased the creation of digital libraries and the transcription of historical documents. However, for documents in rare scripts with few labelled training data available, current Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) systems are too constraint. Moreover, research on HTR often focuses on technical aspects only, and rarely puts emphasis on implementing software tools for scholars in Humanities. In this article, we describe, compare and analyse different transcription methods for rare scripts. We evaluate their performance in a real use case of a medieval manuscript written in the runic script (Codex Runicus) and discuss advantages and disadvantages of each method from the user perspective. From this exhaustive analysis and comparison with a fully manual transcription, we raise conclusions and provide recommendations to scholars interested in using automatic transcription tools. | ||||
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| Publisher | ACM | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ SBC2023 | Serial | 3732 | ||
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| Author | Gemma Rotger | ||||
| Title | Lifelike Humans: Detailed Reconstruction of Expressive Human Faces | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Developing human-like digital characters is a challenging task since humans are used to recognizing our fellows, and find the computed generated characters inadequately humanized. To fulfill the standards of the videogame and digital film productions it is necessary to model and animate these characters the most closely to human beings. However, it is an arduous and expensive task, since many artists and specialists are required to work on a single character. Therefore, to fulfill these requirements we found an interesting option to study the automatic creation of detailed characters through inexpensive setups. In this work, we develop novel techniques to bring detailed characters by combining different aspects that stand out when developing realistic characters, skin detail, facial hairs, expressions, and microexpressions. We examine each of the mentioned areas with the aim of automatically recover each of the parts without user interaction nor training data. We study the problems for their robustness but also for the simplicity of the setup, preferring single-image with uncontrolled illumination and methods that can be easily computed with the commodity of a standard laptop. A detailed face with wrinkles and skin details is vital to develop a realistic character. In this work, we introduce our method to automatically describe facial wrinkles on the image and transfer to the recovered base face. Then we advance to facial hair recovery by resolving a fitting problem with a novel parametrization model. As of last, we develop a mapping function that allows transfer expressions and microexpressions between different meshes, which provides realistic animations to our detailed mesh. We cover all the mentioned points with the focus on key aspects as (i) how to describe skin wrinkles in a simple and straightforward manner, (ii) how to recover 3D from 2D detections, (iii) how to recover and model facial hair from 2D to 3D, (iv) how to transfer expressions between models holding both skin detail and facial hair, (v) how to perform all the described actions without training data nor user interaction. In this work, we present our proposals to solve these aspects with an efficient and simple setup. We validate our work with several datasets both synthetic and real data, prooving remarkable results even in challenging cases as occlusions as glasses, thick beards, and indeed working with different face topologies like single-eyed cyclops. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Ediciones Graficas Rey | Place of Publication | Editor | Felipe Lumbreras;Antonio Agudo | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-84-122714-3-0 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | ADAS | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ Rot2021 | Serial | 3513 | ||
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| Author | Razieh Rastgoo; Kourosh Kiani; Sergio Escalera | ||||
| Title | Sign Language Recognition: A Deep Survey | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Expert Systems With Applications | Abbreviated Journal | ESWA |
| Volume | 164 | Issue | Pages | 113794 | |
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| Abstract | Sign language, as a different form of the communication language, is important to large groups of people in society. There are different signs in each sign language with variability in hand shape, motion profile, and position of the hand, face, and body parts contributing to each sign. So, visual sign language recognition is a complex research area in computer vision. Many models have been proposed by different researchers with significant improvement by deep learning approaches in recent years. In this survey, we review the vision-based proposed models of sign language recognition using deep learning approaches from the last five years. While the overall trend of the proposed models indicates a significant improvement in recognition accuracy in sign language recognition, there are some challenges yet that need to be solved. We present a taxonomy to categorize the proposed models for isolated and continuous sign language recognition, discussing applications, datasets, hybrid models, complexity, and future lines of research in the field. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ RKE2021a | Serial | 3521 | ||
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| Author | Ajian Liu; Xuan Li; Jun Wan; Yanyan Liang; Sergio Escalera; Hugo Jair Escalante; Meysam Madadi; Yi Jin; Zhuoyuan Wu; Xiaogang Yu; Zichang Tan; Qi Yuan; Ruikun Yang; Benjia Zhou; Guodong Guo; Stan Z. Li | ||||
| Title | Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing Recognition Challenge: A Review | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | IET Biometrics | Abbreviated Journal | BIO |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 24-43 |
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| Abstract | Face anti-spoofing is critical to prevent face recognition systems from a security breach. The biometrics community has %possessed achieved impressive progress recently due the excellent performance of deep neural networks and the availability of large datasets. Although ethnic bias has been verified to severely affect the performance of face recognition systems, it still remains an open research problem in face anti-spoofing. Recently, a multi-ethnic face anti-spoofing dataset, CASIA-SURF CeFA, has been released with the goal of measuring the ethnic bias. It is the largest up to date cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing dataset covering 3 ethnicities, 3 modalities, 1,607 subjects, 2D plus 3D attack types, and the first dataset including explicit ethnic labels among the recently released datasets for face anti-spoofing. We organized the Chalearn Face Anti-spoofing Attack Detection Challenge which consists of single-modal (e.g., RGB) and multi-modal (e.g., RGB, Depth, Infrared (IR)) tracks around this novel resource to boost research aiming to alleviate the ethnic bias. Both tracks have attracted 340 teams in the development stage, and finally 11 and 8 teams have submitted their codes in the single-modal and multi-modal face anti-spoofing recognition challenges, respectively. All the results were verified and re-ran by the organizing team, and the results were used for the final ranking. This paper presents an overview of the challenge, including its design, evaluation protocol and a summary of results. We analyze the top ranked solutions and draw conclusions derived from the competition. In addition we outline future work directions. | ||||
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| Notes | HUPBA; no proj | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ si @ LLW2020b | Serial | 3523 | ||
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