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Author Pau Baiget edit  openurl
  Title Modeling Human Behavior for Image Sequence Understanding and Generation Type Book Whole
  Year 2009 Publication PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The comprehension of animal behavior, especially human behavior, is one of the most ancient and studied problems since the beginning of civilization. The big list of factors that interact to determine a person action require the collaboration of different disciplines, such as psichology, biology, or sociology. In the last years the analysis of human behavior has received great attention also from the computer vision community, given the latest advances in the acquisition of human motion data from image sequences.

Despite the increasing availability of that data, there still exists a gap towards obtaining a conceptual representation of the obtained observations. Human behavior analysis is based on a qualitative interpretation of the results, and therefore the assignment of concepts to quantitative data is linked to a certain ambiguity.

This Thesis tackles the problem of obtaining a proper representation of human behavior in the contexts of computer vision and animation. On the one hand, a good behavior model should permit the recognition and explanation the observed activity in image sequences. On the other hand, such a model must allow the generation of new synthetic instances, which model the behavior of virtual agents.

First, we propose methods to automatically learn the models from observations. Given a set of quantitative results output by a vision system, a normal behavior model is learnt. This results provides a tool to determine the normality or abnormality of future observations. However, machine learning methods are unable to provide a richer description of the observations. We confront this problem by means of a new method that incorporates prior knowledge about the enviornment and about the expected behaviors. This framework, formed by the reasoning engine FMTL and the modeling tool SGT allows the generation of conceptual descriptions of activity in new image sequences. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability of the proposed framework to simulate behavior of virtual agents, which are introduced into real image sequences and interact with observed real agents, thereby easing the generation of augmented reality sequences.

The set of approaches presented in this Thesis has a growing set of potential applications. The analysis and description of behavior in image sequences has its principal application in the domain of smart video--surveillance, in order to detect suspicious or dangerous behaviors. Other applications include automatic sport commentaries, elderly monitoring, road traffic analysis, and the development of semantic video search engines. Alternatively, behavioral virtual agents allow to simulate accurate real situations, such as fires or crowds. Moreover, the inclusion of virtual agents into real image sequences has been widely deployed in the games and cinema industries.
 
  Address Bellaterra (Spain)  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher Ediciones Graficas Rey Place of Publication Editor Jordi Gonzalez;Xavier Roca  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ si @ Bai2009 Serial 1210  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Jordi Gonzalez; Dani Rowe; Javier Varona; Xavier Roca edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Understanding Dynamic Scenes based on Human Sequence Evaluation Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Image and Vision Computing Abbreviated Journal IMAVIS  
  Volume 27 Issue 10 Pages 1433–1444  
  Keywords Image Sequence Evaluation; High-level processing of monitored scenes; Segmentation and tracking in complex scenes; Event recognition in dynamic scenes; Human motion understanding; Human behaviour interpretation; Natural-language text generation; Realistic demonstrators  
  Abstract In this paper, a Cognitive Vision System (CVS) is presented, which explains the human behaviour of monitored scenes using natural-language texts. This cognitive analysis of human movements recorded in image sequences is here referred to as Human Sequence Evaluation (HSE) which defines a set of transformation modules involved in the automatic generation of semantic descriptions from pixel values. In essence, the trajectories of human agents are obtained to generate textual interpretations of their motion, and also to infer the conceptual relationships of each agent w.r.t. its environment. For this purpose, a human behaviour model based on Situation Graph Trees (SGTs) is considered, which permits both bottom-up (hypothesis generation) and top-down (hypothesis refinement) analysis of dynamic scenes. The resulting system prototype interprets different kinds of behaviour and reports textual descriptions in multiple languages.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number ISE @ ise @ GRV2009 Serial 1211  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Carles Fernandez; Pau Baiget; Xavier Roca; Jordi Gonzalez edit  openurl
  Title Exploiting Natural Language Generation in Scene Interpretation Type Book Chapter
  Year 2009 Publication Human–Centric Interfaces for Ambient Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 71–93  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Science and Tech Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISE Approved no  
  Call Number ISE @ ise @ FBR2009 Serial 1212  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ivan Huerta; Michael Holte; Thomas B. Moeslund; Jordi Gonzalez edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Detection and Removal of Chromatic Moving Shadows in Surveillance Scenarios Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1499 - 1506  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Segmentation in the surveillance domain has to deal with shadows to avoid distortions when detecting moving objects. Most segmentation approaches dealing with shadow detection are typically restricted to penumbra shadows. Therefore, such techniques cannot cope well with umbra shadows. Consequently, umbra shadows are usually detected as part of moving objects. In this paper we present a novel technique based on gradient and colour models for separating chromatic moving cast shadows from detected moving objects. Firstly, both a chromatic invariant colour cone model and an invariant gradient model are built to perform automatic segmentation while detecting potential shadows. In a second step, regions corresponding to potential shadows are grouped by considering “a bluish effect” and an edge partitioning. Lastly, (i) temporal similarities between textures and (ii) spatial similarities between chrominance angle and brightness distortions are analysed for all potential shadow regions in order to finally identify umbra shadows. Unlike other approaches, our method does not make any a-priori assumptions about camera location, surface geometries, surface textures, shapes and types of shadows, objects, and background. Experimental results show the performance and accuracy of our approach in different shadowed materials and illumination conditions.  
  Address Kyoto, Japan  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1550-5499 ISBN 978-1-4244-4420-5 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICCV  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ISE @ ise @ HHM2009 Serial 1213  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author D. Jayagopi; Bogdan Raducanu; D. Gatica-Perez edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Characterizing conversational group dynamics using nonverbal behaviour Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 10th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 370–373  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper addresses the novel problem of characterizing conversational group dynamics. It is well documented in social psychology that depending on the objectives a group, the dynamics are different. For example, a competitive meeting has a different objective from that of a collaborative meeting. We propose a method to characterize group dynamics based on the joint description of a group members' aggregated acoustical nonverbal behaviour to classify two meeting datasets (one being cooperative-type and the other being competitive-type). We use 4.5 hours of real behavioural multi-party data and show that our methodology can achieve a classification rate of upto 100%.  
  Address New York, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1945-7871 ISBN 978-1-4244-4290-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICME  
  Notes OR;MV Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ JRG2009 Serial 1217  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Fadi Dornaika; Bogdan Raducanu edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Three-Dimensional Face Pose Detection and Tracking Using Monocular Videos: Tool and Application Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics part B Abbreviated Journal TSMCB  
  Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 935–944  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Recently, we have proposed a real-time tracker that simultaneously tracks the 3-D head pose and facial actions in monocular video sequences that can be provided by low quality cameras. This paper has two main contributions. First, we propose an automatic 3-D face pose initialization scheme for the real-time tracker by adopting a 2-D face detector and an eigenface system. Second, we use the proposed methods-the initialization and tracking-for enhancing the human-machine interaction functionality of an AIBO robot. More precisely, we show how the orientation of the robot's camera (or any active vision system) can be controlled through the estimation of the user's head pose. Applications based on head-pose imitation such as telepresence, virtual reality, and video games can directly exploit the proposed techniques. Experiments on real videos confirm the robustness and usefulness of the proposed methods.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes OR;MV Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ DoR2009a Serial 1218  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Oriol Ramos Terrades; Ernest Valveny; Salvatore Tabbone edit  doi
openurl 
  Title Optimal Classifier Fusion in a Non-Bayesian Probabilistic Framework Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Abbreviated Journal TPAMI  
  Volume 31 Issue 9 Pages 1630–1644  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The combination of the output of classifiers has been one of the strategies used to improve classification rates in general purpose classification systems. Some of the most common approaches can be explained using the Bayes' formula. In this paper, we tackle the problem of the combination of classifiers using a non-Bayesian probabilistic framework. This approach permits us to derive two linear combination rules that minimize misclassification rates under some constraints on the distribution of classifiers. In order to show the validity of this approach we have compared it with other popular combination rules from a theoretical viewpoint using a synthetic data set, and experimentally using two standard databases: the MNIST handwritten digit database and the GREC symbol database. Results on the synthetic data set show the validity of the theoretical approach. Indeed, results on real data show that the proposed methods outperform other common combination schemes.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0162-8828 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ RVT2009 Serial 1220  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ricard Coll; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Graphological Analysis of Handwritten Text Documents for Human Resources Recruitment Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1081–1085  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The use of graphology in recruitment processes has become a popular tool in many human resources companies. This paper presents a model that links features from handwritten images to a number of personality characteristics used to measure applicant aptitudes for the job in a particular hiring scenario. In particular we propose a model of measuring active personality and leadership of the writer. Graphological features that define such a profile are measured in terms of document and script attributes like layout configuration, letter size, shape, slant and skew angle of lines, etc. After the extraction, data is classified using a neural network. An experimental framework with real samples has been constructed to illustrate the performance of the approach.  
  Address Barcelona, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1520-5363 ISBN 978-1-4244-4500-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICDAR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ CFL2009 Serial 1221  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; Horst Bunke edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Symbol-independent writer identification in old handwritten music scores Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication In proceedings of 8th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 186–197  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address La Rochelle, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-13727-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference GREC  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ FLS2009a Serial 1222  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Gemma Sanchez; Horst Bunke edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title On the use of textural features for writer identification in old handwritten music scores Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 996 - 1000  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Writer identification consists in determining the writer of a piece of handwriting from a set of writers. In this paper we present a system for writer identification in old handwritten music scores which uses only music notation to determine the author. The steps of the proposed system are the following. First of all, the music sheet is preprocessed for obtaining a music score without the staff lines. Afterwards, four different methods for generating texture images from music symbols are applied. Every approach uses a different spatial variation when combining the music symbols to generate the textures. Finally, Gabor filters and Grey-scale Co-ocurrence matrices are used to obtain the features. The classification is performed using a k-NN classifier based on Euclidean distance. The proposed method has been tested on a database of old music scores from the 17th to 19th centuries, achieving encouraging identification rates.  
  Address Barcelona  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1520-5363 ISBN 978-1-4244-4500-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICDAR  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ FLS2009b Serial 1223  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Agnes Borras; Josep Llados edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Corest: A measure of color and space stability to detect salient regions according to human criteria Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 5th International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 204-209  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Address Lisboa, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-989-8111-69-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference VISAPP  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ BoL2009 Serial 1225  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sergio Escalera; R. M. Martinez; Jordi Vitria; Petia Radeva; Maria Teresa Anguera edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Dominance Detection in Face-to-face Conversations Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 2nd IEEE Workshop on CVPR for Human communicative Behavior analysis Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 97–102  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Dominance is referred to the level of influence a person has in a conversation. Dominance is an important research area in social psychology, but the problem of its automatic estimation is a very recent topic in the contexts of social and wearable computing. In this paper, we focus on dominance detection from visual cues. We estimate the correlation among observers by categorizing the dominant people in a set of face-to-face conversations. Different dominance indicators from gestural communication are defined, manually annotated, and compared to the observers opinion. Moreover, the considered indicators are automatically extracted from video sequences and learnt by using binary classifiers. Results from the three analysis shows a high correlation and allows the categorization of dominant people in public discussion video sequences.  
  Address Miami, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2160-7508 ISBN 978-1-4244-3994-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CVPR  
  Notes HuPBA; OR; MILAB;MV Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ EMV2009 Serial 1227  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Salim Jouili; Salvatore Tabbone; Ernest Valveny edit  isbn
openurl 
  Title Evaluation of graph matching measures for documents retrieval Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication In proceedings of 8th IAPR International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 13–21  
  Keywords Graph Matching; Graph retrieval; structural representation; Performance Evaluation  
  Abstract In this paper we evaluate four graph distance measures. The analysis is performed for document retrieval tasks. For this aim, different kind of documents are used which include line drawings (symbols), ancient documents (ornamental letters), shapes and trademark-logos. The experimental results show that the performance of each grahp distance measure depends on the kind of data and the graph representation technique.  
  Address La Rochelle, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 978-3-642-13727-3 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference GREC  
  Notes DAG Approved no  
  Call Number DAG @ dag @ JTV2009a Serial 1230  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Pierluigi Casale; Oriol Pujol; Petia Radeva; Jordi Vitria edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title A First Approach to Activity Recognition Using Topic Models Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 12th International Conference of the Catalan Association for Artificial Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 202 Issue Pages 74 - 82  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In this work, we present a first approach to activity patterns discovery by mean of topic models. Using motion data collected with a wearable device we prototype, TheBadge, we analyse raw accelerometer data using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a particular instantiation of topic models. Results show that for particular values of the parameters necessary for applying LDA to a countinous dataset, good accuracies in activity classification can be achieved.  
  Address Cardona, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-1-60750-061-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference CCIA  
  Notes OR;MILAB;HuPBA;MV Approved no  
  Call Number BCNPCL @ bcnpcl @ CPR2009e Serial 1231  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Angel Sappa; Mohammad Rouhani edit  doi
isbn  openurl
  Title Efficient Distance Estimation for Fitting Implicit Quadric Surfaces Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication 16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3521–3524  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper presents a novel approach for estimating the shortest Euclidean distance from a given point to the corresponding implicit quadric fitting surface. It first estimates the orthogonal orientation to the surface from the given point; then the shortest distance is directly estimated by intersecting the implicit surface with a line passing through the given point according to the estimated orthogonal orientation. The proposed orthogonal distance estimation is easily obtained without increasing computational complexity; hence it can be used in error minimization surface fitting frameworks. Comparisons of the proposed metric with previous approaches are provided to show both improvements in CPU time as well as in the accuracy of the obtained results. Surfaces fitted by using the proposed geometric distance estimation and state of the art metrics are presented to show the viability of the proposed approach.  
  Address Cairo, Egypt  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title (up)  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1522-4880 ISBN 978-1-4244-5653-6 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference ICIP  
  Notes ADAS Approved no  
  Call Number ADAS @ adas @ SaR2009 Serial 1232  
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