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Author | F.Negin; Pau Rodriguez; M.Koperski; A.Kerboua; Jordi Gonzalez; J.Bourgeois; E.Chapoulie; P.Robert; F.Bremond | ||||
Title | PRAXIS: Towards automatic cognitive assessment using gesture recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Expert Systems with Applications | Abbreviated Journal | ESWA |
Volume | 106 | Issue | Pages | 21-35 | |
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Abstract | Praxis test is a gesture-based diagnostic test which has been accepted as diagnostically indicative of cortical pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease. Despite being simple, this test is oftentimes skipped by the clinicians. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to investigate the potential of static and dynamic upper-body gestures based on the Praxis test and their potential in a medical framework to automatize the test procedures for computer-assisted cognitive assessment of older adults.
In order to carry out gesture recognition as well as correctness assessment of the performances we have recollected a novel challenging RGB-D gesture video dataset recorded by Kinect v2, which contains 29 specific gestures suggested by clinicians and recorded from both experts and patients performing the gesture set. Moreover, we propose a framework to learn the dynamics of upper-body gestures, considering the videos as sequences of short-term clips of gestures. Our approach first uses body part detection to extract image patches surrounding the hands and then, by means of a fine-tuned convolutional neural network (CNN) model, it learns deep hand features which are then linked to a long short-term memory to capture the temporal dependencies between video frames. We report the results of four developed methods using different modalities. The experiments show effectiveness of our deep learning based approach in gesture recognition and performance assessment tasks. Satisfaction of clinicians from the assessment reports indicates the impact of framework corresponding to the diagnosis. |
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Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ NRK2018 | Serial | 3669 | ||
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Author | O.F.Ahmad; Y.Mori; M.Misawa; S.Kudo; J.T.Anderson; Jorge Bernal | ||||
Title | Establishing key research questions for the implementation of artificial intelligence in colonoscopy: a modified Delphi method | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Endoscopy | Abbreviated Journal | END |
Volume | 53 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 893-901 |
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Abstract | BACKGROUND : Artificial intelligence (AI) research in colonoscopy is progressing rapidly but widespread clinical implementation is not yet a reality. We aimed to identify the top implementation research priorities. METHODS : An established modified Delphi approach for research priority setting was used. Fifteen international experts, including endoscopists and translational computer scientists/engineers, from nine countries participated in an online survey over 9 months. Questions related to AI implementation in colonoscopy were generated as a long-list in the first round, and then scored in two subsequent rounds to identify the top 10 research questions. RESULTS : The top 10 ranked questions were categorized into five themes. Theme 1: clinical trial design/end points (4 questions), related to optimum trial designs for polyp detection and characterization, determining the optimal end points for evaluation of AI, and demonstrating impact on interval cancer rates. Theme 2: technological developments (3 questions), including improving detection of more challenging and advanced lesions, reduction of false-positive rates, and minimizing latency. Theme 3: clinical adoption/integration (1 question), concerning the effective combination of detection and characterization into one workflow. Theme 4: data access/annotation (1 question), concerning more efficient or automated data annotation methods to reduce the burden on human experts. Theme 5: regulatory approval (1 question), related to making regulatory approval processes more efficient. CONCLUSIONS : This is the first reported international research priority setting exercise for AI in colonoscopy. The study findings should be used as a framework to guide future research with key stakeholders to accelerate the clinical implementation of AI in endoscopy. | ||||
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Notes | ISE | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ AMM2021 | Serial | 3670 | ||
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Author | Yasuko Sugito; Trevor Canham; Javier Vazquez; Marcelo Bertalmio | ||||
Title | A Study of Objective Quality Metrics for HLG-Based HDR/WCG Image Coding | Type | Journal | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal | Abbreviated Journal | SMPTE |
Volume | 130 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 53 - 65 |
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Abstract | In this work, we study the suitability of high dynamic range, wide color gamut (HDR/WCG) objective quality metrics to assess the perceived deterioration of compressed images encoded using the hybrid log-gamma (HLG) method, which is the standard for HDR television. Several image quality metrics have been developed to deal specifically with HDR content, although in previous work we showed that the best results (i.e., better matches to the opinion of human expert observers) are obtained by an HDR metric that consists simply in applying a given standard dynamic range metric, called visual information fidelity (VIF), directly to HLG-encoded images. However, all these HDR metrics ignore the chroma components for their calculations, that is, they consider only the luminance channel. For this reason, in the current work, we conduct subjective evaluation experiments in a professional setting using compressed HDR/WCG images encoded with HLG and analyze the ability of the best HDR metric to detect perceivable distortions in the chroma components, as well as the suitability of popular color metrics (including ΔITPR , which supports parameters for HLG) to correlate with the opinion scores. Our first contribution is to show that there is a need to consider the chroma components in HDR metrics, as there are color distortions that subjects perceive but that the best HDR metric fails to detect. Our second contribution is the surprising result that VIF, which utilizes only the luminance channel, correlates much better with the subjective evaluation scores than the metrics investigated that do consider the color components. | ||||
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Notes | CIC | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | SCV2021 | Serial | 3671 | ||
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Author | Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Joost Van de Weijer; Bartlomiej Twardowski; Bogdan Raducanu | ||||
Title | Reducing Label Effort: Self- Supervised Meets Active Learning | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1631-1639 | ||
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Abstract | Active learning is a paradigm aimed at reducing the annotation effort by training the model on actively selected informative and/or representative samples. Another paradigm to reduce the annotation effort is self-training that learns from a large amount of unlabeled data in an unsupervised way and fine-tunes on few labeled samples. Recent developments in self-training have achieved very impressive results rivaling supervised learning on some datasets. The current work focuses on whether the two paradigms can benefit from each other. We studied object recognition datasets including CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and Tiny ImageNet with several labeling budgets for the evaluations. Our experiments reveal that self-training is remarkably more efficient than active learning at reducing the labeling effort, that for a low labeling budget, active learning offers no benefit to self-training, and finally that the combination of active learning and self-training is fruitful when the labeling budget is high. The performance gap between active learning trained either with self-training or from scratch diminishes as we approach to the point where almost half of the dataset is labeled. | ||||
Address | October 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICCVW | ||
Notes | LAMP; | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ ZVT2021 | Serial | 3672 | ||
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Author | Javad Zolfaghari Bengar; Bogdan Raducanu; Joost Van de Weijer | ||||
Title | When Deep Learners Change Their Mind: Learning Dynamics for Active Learning | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | 19th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 13052 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 403-413 |
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Abstract | Active learning aims to select samples to be annotated that yield the largest performance improvement for the learning algorithm. Many methods approach this problem by measuring the informativeness of samples and do this based on the certainty of the network predictions for samples. However, it is well-known that neural networks are overly confident about their prediction and are therefore an untrustworthy source to assess sample informativeness. In this paper, we propose a new informativeness-based active learning method. Our measure is derived from the learning dynamics of a neural network. More precisely we track the label assignment of the unlabeled data pool during the training of the algorithm. We capture the learning dynamics with a metric called label-dispersion, which is low when the network consistently assigns the same label to the sample during the training of the network and high when the assigned label changes frequently. We show that label-dispersion is a promising predictor of the uncertainty of the network, and show on two benchmark datasets that an active learning algorithm based on label-dispersion obtains excellent results. | ||||
Address | September 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | CAIP | ||
Notes | LAMP; | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ ZRV2021 | Serial | 3673 | ||
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Author | Pau Riba; Sounak Dey; Ali Furkan Biten; Josep Llados | ||||
Title | Localizing Infinity-shaped fishes: Sketch-guided object localization in the wild | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Arxiv | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | This work investigates the problem of sketch-guided object localization (SGOL), where human sketches are used as queries to conduct the object localization in natural images. In this cross-modal setting, we first contribute with a tough-to-beat baseline that without any specific SGOL training is able to outperform the previous works on a fixed set of classes. The baseline is useful to analyze the performance of SGOL approaches based on available simple yet powerful methods. We advance prior arts by proposing a sketch-conditioned DETR (DEtection TRansformer) architecture which avoids a hard classification and alleviates the domain gap between sketches and images to localize object instances. Although the main goal of SGOL is focused on object detection, we explored its natural extension to sketch-guided instance segmentation. This novel task allows to move towards identifying the objects at pixel level, which is of key importance in several applications. We experimentally demonstrate that our model and its variants significantly advance over previous state-of-the-art results. All training and testing code of our model will be released to facilitate future researchhttps://github.com/priba/sgol_wild. | ||||
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Notes | DAG; 600.121 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ RDB2021 | Serial | 3674 | ||
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Author | Josep Llados | ||||
Title | The 5G of Document Intelligence | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | 3rd Workshop on Future of Document Analysis and Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Address | Lausanne; Suissa; September 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | FDAR | ||
Notes | DAG | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ | Serial | 3677 | ||
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Author | Mohamed Ali Souibgui; Sanket Biswas; Sana Khamekhem Jemni; Yousri Kessentini; Alicia Fornes; Josep Llados; Umapada Pal | ||||
Title | DocEnTr: An End-to-End Document Image Enhancement Transformer | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | 26th International Conference on Pattern Recognition | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1699-1705 | ||
Keywords | Degradation; Head; Optical character recognition; Self-supervised learning; Benchmark testing; Transformers; Magnetic heads | ||||
Abstract | Document images can be affected by many degradation scenarios, which cause recognition and processing difficulties. In this age of digitization, it is important to denoise them for proper usage. To address this challenge, we present a new encoder-decoder architecture based on vision transformers to enhance both machine-printed and handwritten document images, in an end-to-end fashion. The encoder operates directly on the pixel patches with their positional information without the use of any convolutional layers, while the decoder reconstructs a clean image from the encoded patches. Conducted experiments show a superiority of the proposed model compared to the state-of the-art methods on several DIBCO benchmarks. Code and models will be publicly available at: https://github.com/dali92002/DocEnTR | ||||
Address | August 21-25, 2022 , Montréal Québec | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICPR | ||
Notes | DAG; 600.121; 600.162; 602.230; 600.140 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ SBJ2022 | Serial | 3730 | ||
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Author | Fei Yang; Yaxing Wang; Luis Herranz; Yongmei Cheng; Mikhail Mozerov | ||||
Title | A Novel Framework for Image-to-image Translation and Image Compression | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Neurocomputing | Abbreviated Journal | NEUCOM |
Volume | 508 | Issue | Pages | 58-70 | |
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Abstract | Data-driven paradigms using machine learning are becoming ubiquitous in image processing and communications. In particular, image-to-image (I2I) translation is a generic and widely used approach to image processing problems, such as image synthesis, style transfer, and image restoration. At the same time, neural image compression has emerged as a data-driven alternative to traditional coding approaches in visual communications. In this paper, we study the combination of these two paradigms into a joint I2I compression and translation framework, focusing on multi-domain image synthesis. We first propose distributed I2I translation by integrating quantization and entropy coding into an I2I translation framework (i.e. I2Icodec). In practice, the image compression functionality (i.e. autoencoding) is also desirable, requiring to deploy alongside I2Icodec a regular image codec. Thus, we further propose a unified framework that allows both translation and autoencoding capabilities in a single codec. Adaptive residual blocks conditioned on the translation/compression mode provide flexible adaptation to the desired functionality. The experiments show promising results in both I2I translation and image compression using a single model. | ||||
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Notes | LAMP | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ YWH2022 | Serial | 3679 | ||
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Author | AN Ruchai; VI Kober; KA Dorofeev; VN Karnaukhov; Mikhail Mozerov | ||||
Title | Classification of breast abnormalities using a deep convolutional neural network and transfer learning | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 66 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 778–783 |
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Abstract | A new algorithm for classification of breast pathologies in digital mammography using a convolutional neural network and transfer learning is proposed. The following pretrained neural networks were chosen: MobileNetV2, InceptionResNetV2, Xception, and ResNetV2. All mammographic images were pre-processed to improve classification reliability. Transfer training was carried out using additional data augmentation and fine-tuning. The performance of the proposed algorithm for classification of breast pathologies in terms of accuracy on real data is discussed and compared with that of state-of-the-art algorithms on the available MIAS database. | ||||
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Notes | LAMP; | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ RKD2022 | Serial | 3680 | ||
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Author | Shun Yao; Fei Yang; Yongmei Cheng; Mikhail Mozerov | ||||
Title | 3D Shapes Local Geometry Codes Learning with SDF | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 2110-2117 | ||
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Abstract | A signed distance function (SDF) as the 3D shape description is one of the most effective approaches to represent 3D geometry for rendering and reconstruction. Our work is inspired by the state-of-the-art method DeepSDF [17] that learns and analyzes the 3D shape as the iso-surface of its shell and this method has shown promising results especially in the 3D shape reconstruction and compression domain. In this paper, we consider the degeneration problem of reconstruction coming from the capacity decrease of the DeepSDF model, which approximates the SDF with a neural network and a single latent code. We propose Local Geometry Code Learning (LGCL), a model that improves the original DeepSDF results by learning from a local shape geometry of the full 3D shape. We add an extra graph neural network to split the single transmittable latent code into a set of local latent codes distributed on the 3D shape. Mentioned latent codes are used to approximate the SDF in their local regions, which will alleviate the complexity of the approximation compared to the original DeepSDF. Furthermore, we introduce a new geometric loss function to facilitate the training of these local latent codes. Note that other local shape adjusting methods use the 3D voxel representation, which in turn is a problem highly difficult to solve or even is insolvable. In contrast, our architecture is based on graph processing implicitly and performs the learning regression process directly in the latent code space, thus make the proposed architecture more flexible and also simple for realization. Our experiments on 3D shape reconstruction demonstrate that our LGCL method can keep more details with a significantly smaller size of the SDF decoder and outperforms considerably the original DeepSDF method under the most important quantitative metrics. | ||||
Address | VIRTUAL; October 2021 | ||||
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Area | Expedition | Conference | ICCVW | ||
Notes | LAMP | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ YYC2021 | Serial | 3681 | ||
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Author | Alex Gomez-Villa; Adrian Martin; Javier Vazquez; Marcelo Bertalmio; Jesus Malo | ||||
Title | On the synthesis of visual illusions using deep generative models | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Journal of Vision | Abbreviated Journal | JOV |
Volume | 22(8) | Issue | 2 | Pages | 1-18 |
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Abstract | Visual illusions expand our understanding of the visual system by imposing constraints in the models in two different ways: i) visual illusions for humans should induce equivalent illusions in the model, and ii) illusions synthesized from the model should be compelling for human viewers too. These constraints are alternative strategies to find good vision models. Following the first research strategy, recent studies have shown that artificial neural network architectures also have human-like illusory percepts when stimulated with classical hand-crafted stimuli designed to fool humans. In this work we focus on the second (less explored) strategy: we propose a framework to synthesize new visual illusions using the optimization abilities of current automatic differentiation techniques. The proposed framework can be used with classical vision models as well as with more recent artificial neural network architectures. This framework, validated by psychophysical experiments, can be used to study the difference between a vision model and the actual human perception and to optimize the vision model to decrease this difference. | ||||
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Notes | LAMP; 600.161; 611.007 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ GMV2022 | Serial | 3682 | ||
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Author | Yasuko Sugito; Javier Vazquez; Trevor Canham; Marcelo Bertalmio | ||||
Title | Image quality evaluation in professional HDR/WCG production questions the need for HDR metrics | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing | Abbreviated Journal | TIP |
Volume | 31 | Issue | Pages | 5163 - 5177 | |
Keywords | Measurement; Image color analysis; Image coding; Production; Dynamic range; Brightness; Extraterrestrial measurements | ||||
Abstract | In the quality evaluation of high dynamic range and wide color gamut (HDR/WCG) images, a number of works have concluded that native HDR metrics, such as HDR visual difference predictor (HDR-VDP), HDR video quality metric (HDR-VQM), or convolutional neural network (CNN)-based visibility metrics for HDR content, provide the best results. These metrics consider only the luminance component, but several color difference metrics have been specifically developed for, and validated with, HDR/WCG images. In this paper, we perform subjective evaluation experiments in a professional HDR/WCG production setting, under a real use case scenario. The results are quite relevant in that they show, firstly, that the performance of HDR metrics is worse than that of a classic, simple standard dynamic range (SDR) metric applied directly to the HDR content; and secondly, that the chrominance metrics specifically developed for HDR/WCG imaging have poor correlation with observer scores and are also outperformed by an SDR metric. Based on these findings, we show how a very simple framework for creating color HDR metrics, that uses only luminance SDR metrics, transfer functions, and classic color spaces, is able to consistently outperform, by a considerable margin, state-of-the-art HDR metrics on a varied set of HDR content, for both perceptual quantization (PQ) and Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG) encoding, luminance and chroma distortions, and on different color spaces of common use. | ||||
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Notes | 600.161; 611.007 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ SVG2022 | Serial | 3683 | ||
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Author | Idoia Ruiz; Joan Serrat | ||||
Title | Hierarchical Novelty Detection for Traffic Sign Recognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Sensors | Abbreviated Journal | SENS |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 4389 |
Keywords | Novelty detection; hierarchical classification; deep learning; traffic sign recognition; autonomous driving; computer vision | ||||
Abstract | Recent works have made significant progress in novelty detection, i.e., the problem of detecting samples of novel classes, never seen during training, while classifying those that belong to known classes. However, the only information this task provides about novel samples is that they are unknown. In this work, we leverage hierarchical taxonomies of classes to provide informative outputs for samples of novel classes. We predict their closest class in the taxonomy, i.e., its parent class. We address this problem, known as hierarchical novelty detection, by proposing a novel loss, namely Hierarchical Cosine Loss that is designed to learn class prototypes along with an embedding of discriminative features consistent with the taxonomy. We apply it to traffic sign recognition, where we predict the parent class semantics for new types of traffic signs. Our model beats state-of-the art approaches on two large scale traffic sign benchmarks, Mapillary Traffic Sign Dataset (MTSD) and Tsinghua-Tencent 100K (TT100K), and performs similarly on natural images benchmarks (AWA2, CUB). For TT100K and MTSD, our approach is able to detect novel samples at the correct nodes of the hierarchy with 81% and 36% of accuracy, respectively, at 80% known class accuracy. | ||||
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Notes | ADAS; 600.154 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ RuS2022 | Serial | 3684 | ||
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Author | Xavier Otazu; Xim Cerda-Company | ||||
Title | The contribution of luminance and chromatic channels to color assimilation | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Journal of Vision | Abbreviated Journal | JOV |
Volume | 22(6) | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1-15 |
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Abstract | Color induction is the phenomenon where the physical and the perceived colors of an object differ owing to the color distribution and the spatial configuration of the surrounding objects. Previous works studying this phenomenon on the lsY MacLeod–Boynton color space, show that color assimilation is present only when the magnocellular pathway (i.e., the Y axis) is activated (i.e., when there are luminance differences). Concretely, the authors showed that the effect is mainly induced by the koniocellular pathway (s axis), but not by the parvocellular pathway (l axis), suggesting that when magnocellular pathway is activated it inhibits the koniocellular pathway. In the present work, we study whether parvo-, konio-, and magnocellular pathways may influence on each other through the color induction effect. Our results show that color assimilation does not depend on a chromatic–chromatic interaction, and that chromatic assimilation is driven by the interaction between luminance and chromatic channels (mainly the magno- and the koniocellular pathways). Our results also show that chromatic induction is greatly decreased when all three visual pathways are simultaneously activated, and that chromatic pathways could influence each other through the magnocellular (luminance) pathway. In addition, we observe that chromatic channels can influence the luminance channel, hence inducing a small brightness induction. All these results show that color induction is a highly complex process where interactions between the several visual pathways are yet unknown and should be studied in greater detail. | ||||
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Notes | Neurobit; 600.128; 600.120; 600.158 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Admin @ si @ OtC2022 | Serial | 3685 | ||
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